The object of research is based on 1.5 MW wind turbine blade. This paper has carried out the aerodynamic shape optimization design of wind turbine blade. Based on the aerodynamic basic theory of wind turbine blade design and combined with particle swarm optimization algorithm(PSO), the design optimization model of the aerodynamic shape of blade is established. Through this study, the optimization results of the angle inducing ′ and tangential inducing  were obtained. The calculation programs are written and calculated chord length and torsion angle of the blade used by ′ and . The calculation result for the optimized wind turbine was 1.38 MW when the wind speed was 16 m/s. The 8 % error could be considered as an engineering acceptable error and the calculated values can be proved the correctness of the design value.

해양구조물 등에서 해상 현장과 육상시설 사이에 물자나 운용 인력을 수송하기 위한 수단으로 헬리콥터가 주로 이용된다. 헬리데크는 헬리콥터가 해양구조물에 착륙하기 위해 필수적으로 탑재되는 구조물로서, 해양구조물의 종류나 탑재되는 위치 등에 따라 다양한 형태의 헬리데크가 존재한다. 그 중에서 캔틸레버식 헬리데크는 해양구조물의 탑사이드 공간 확보에 용이 하며, 헬리콥터와의 충돌 등의 미연의 사고로부터 보다 안전하다. 본 논문에서는 캔틸레버식 헬리데크를 연구대상으로 선정 하고, 이를 구성하고 있는 하부 트러스 구조에 대해서 위상 최적설계를 적용하였다. 또한 상용 구조해석 프로그램을 이용하 여 유한요소 모델을 생성하고, 다양한 착륙 상황과 풍하중을 적용하여 구조해석을 수행하였다. 이를 바탕으로 헬리데크의 각 구조 부재에 발생하는 응력이 사용 재료의 허용응력을 넘지 않도록 부재의 세부 단면 치수를 결정하여, 보다 안전하면서도 경량화된 헬리데크 설계를 얻을 수 있다.

본 연구는 진동에너지를 흡수하기 위한 진동 금속 댐퍼의 구조 해석과 최적 설계를 수행한다. 고무 베어링, 마찰 또는 점성 댐퍼와 같은 다른 댐퍼와는 달리 이 금속제진장는 금속의 소성 변형과 그에 따른 히스테리시스 현상을 이용하여 구조물의 진동을 감소시킨다. 이 금속제진장치를 최적화 하려면 댐퍼를 통해 소성 변형을 얻는 것이 중요하다. 금속제진장치의 최적화 된 형상을 찾기 위해 형상 최적화 방법을 적용하였다. 또한 매개 변수화 체계에 따라 일부 최적의 모양을 찾을 수 있다.

In product development, different divisions and businesses often have heterogeneous CAD/CAE systems and methods for expressing product data, and addressing this heterogeneity creates additional costs and causes longer development periods. To ensure successful collaboration in the design process, it is therefore imperative that different CAD, CAE, and other related systems be managed in an organic and integrated manner from the initial stages of product development. Therefore, this study suggests an integrated CAD/CAE system including optimal design in a more effective and integrated manner but also to support interfacing and the collective use of design and analysis tools. To validate the proposed method, a stiffened plate example is taken as an example. It is found that the proposed method could overcome the bottleneck of CAD and CAE such as transferability of data, though CATIA and ANSYS are used at the moment.

This study presents a sustainable design method to optimize the embodied energy and CO2 emission complying with the design code for reinforced concrete column. The sustainable design method effectively achieves the minimization of the environmental load and energy consumption whereas the conventional design method has been mostly focused on the cost saving. Failure of reinforced concrete column exhibits compressive or tensile failure mode against an external force such as flexure and compression; thus, optimization analyses are conducted for both failure modes. For the given sections and reinforcement ratios, the optimized sections are determined by optimizing cost, embodied energy, and CO2 emission and various aspects of the sections are thoroughly investigated. The optimization analysis results show that 25% embodied energy and 55% CO2 emission can be approximately reduced by 10% increase in cost. In particular, the embodied energy and CO2 emission were more effectively reduced in the tensile failure mode rather than in the compressive failure mode. Consequently, it was proved that the sustainable design method effectively implements the concept of sustainable development in the design of reinforced concrete structure by optimizing embodied energy consumption and CO2 emission.

In this paper, it is covered in detail the process of generating structural alternatives with geometry change and its optimization by StrAuto. The main roof structure of the Exhibition Center is modelled parametrically and the optimal alt is derived by observing volume changes according to geometry change of main roof truss. Existing studies performed optimization process through sections and properties due to the limitations of shape change, but this study have meaning of performing the optimization with geometry changes which is the most critical skills of StrAuto. By the process of securing a sufficient margin by geometry changes and reducing volume with the optimization of sections, despite of a partial optimization of large space structure, it could be reduced by 11.7% of the total volume.

The object of research in Based on 1.5MW wind turbine blade. This paper has carried out the aerodynamic shape optimization design of wind turbine blade. Based on the aerodynamic basic theory of wind turbine blade design and combined with particle swarm optimization algorithm, the design optimization model of the aerodynamic shape of blade is established. The calculation programs are written by use of MATLAB and calculate chord length and torsion angle of the blade. Then the shape of wind turbine blade is obtained. As research we can know that the chord length is decreased after optimization design of wind turbine blade, The optimized blade not only meets the actual manufacturing requirement, but also has the largest wind energy utilization coefficient.

As a preparation of a design standard regarding road facilities in terms of reliability based optimum design examples, such as cantilever columns for traffic lights, optimum design in deterministic and probabilistic ways for the foundation of traffic lights poles are proposed. Most of the previous study have focused on the foundation surrounded by cohesionless soil. However, the design would be governed by risky condition. Therefore the resistance by clay-soil is investigated compared with other design specifications. In deterministic optimization, GRG method is applied. It is found that both geometries of deep and shallow foundation provides optimum values. The resistance of cohesive soil is selected to represent the ultimate limit states, in terms of sliding, overturning and bearing pressures from super structures to the foundation under external loads. Example foundations with varying height of columns for traffic lights are optimized about 30% decreased embedded depth of foundation. The optimum coefficients of resistant and load factors may need to be developed with design load combinations in order to prepare design specifications as the next step.

Structural dynamic system involves random variables conditions such as material property, geometric parameters and applied loads. This uncertainties result from the structural parameter are carefully considered the dynamic structural response in displacement, stress, and natural frequencies. The random vibrational system must be designed to withstand a certain amount of the fluctuation with respect to the uncertainties. Harmonic response of a spring-mass system is mathematically modelled with the probabilistic finite element method using the Monte Carlo simulation. The aim of this paper is to find the optimal lowest frequency for the spring-mass system with random input variables and response parameters to the displacements. The probabilistic design is carried out using ANSYS probabilistic design module in a commercial application software and then the optimal design is sequentially solved. An efficient and practical optimal design evaluation method is proposed for the design of the harmonic system. The numerical results are obtained where the next highest frequency of the system and displacements treated as constraints.

Surge pressure is created by rapid change of flow rate due to operation of hydraulic component or accident of pipeline. Proper control of surge pressure in distribution system is important because it can damage pipeline and may have the potential to degrade water quality by pipe leakage due to surge pressure. Surge relief valve(SRV) is one of the most widely used devices and it is important to determine proper parameters for SRV’s installation and operation. In this research, determining optimum parameters affecting performance of the SRV were investigated. We proposed the methodology for finding combination of parameters for best performance of the SRV. Therefore, the objective function for evaluate fitness of candidate parameters and surge pressure simulation software was developed to validate proposed parameters for SRV. The developed software was integrated into genetic algorithm(GA) to find best combination of parameters.

An injection unit is the important part which guide the melted resine into the mold. Once injection molding is performed, there will be a pressure of 33 MPa built up inside of injection cylinder body. It was confirmed that the crack occurs by internal stress on the 9 mm material when the machine is used for long time. Because the cylinder rod has material thickness of 9~12 mm during manufacturing process on the cylinder body, there would be 3 mm thickness differences. In this experiment, IDEAS, a computer aided structure analysis software, is used to present the optimized design condition. Insert rod with inner diameter of 9 mm was set as a normal and vary 3 mm in x, y axis direction. When the internal pressure of 33 MPa occurs at the injection unit, fix the x and y direction and find out the stress acting only in z axis. It was confirmed that the stress of 45~82 N/mm 2 was built up when the left of cylinder body had been set 9 mm by using a structure analysis. Also, it has been verified the thickness of the material on the left need to be greater and equal than 12 mm to prevent a material crack by an internal stress.

Seismic design of braced frames that simultaneously considers economic issues and structural performance represents a rather complicated engineering problem, and therefore, a systematic and well-established methodology is needed. This study proposes a multi-objective seismic design method for an inverted V-braced frame with suspended zipper struts that uses the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II(NSGA-II). The structural weight and the maximum inter-story drift ratio as the objective functions are simultaneously minimized to optimize the cost and seismic performance of the structure. To investigate which of strength- and performance-based design criteria for braced frames is the critical design condition, the constraint conditions on the two design methods are simultaneously considered (i.e. the constraint conditions based on the strength and plastic deformation of members). The linear static analysis method and the nonlinear static analysis method are adopted to check the strength- and plastic deformation-based design constraints, respectively. The proposed optimal method are applied to three- and six-story steel frame examples, and the solutions improved for the considered objective functions were found.

Sea cucumber, Stichopus japonicas, is widely used in East Asia as a traditional medical component for the treatment of asthma, arthritis, and sinus congestion. The hydrolysate of sea cucumber after treating with a protease is also widely used as an ingredient for the processed food application such as noodles. Tensile force and deformation are important texture properties of noodle. The peptides prepared by hydrolyzing sea cucumber could affect the tensile properties of noodle as well as DPPH radical scavenging. The objectives of this study were to characterize the tensile properties, the texture properties, color, and DPPH radical scavenging of noodle with the hydrolysate of sea cucumber and to determine an optimum formulation of dough with the hydrolysate of sea cucumber for noodle. The hydrolysate of sea cucumber was prepared by hydrolyzing dried sea cucumber powder with distilled water and a protease, Protamex (Novozyme Nordisk, Bagsvaerd, Denmark). Tensile test was used for measuring the breaking strength and the breaking distance of noodle. The tensile properties and antioxidant activity (DPPH radical scavenging) were used as major constraint functions for the optimization. Central composite design was used to determine the experimental points for the optimization. Quadratic models were developed to represent the constraint functions. The optimum ratio was determined to flour: water: the hydrolysate of sea cucumber = 69.27: 22.48: 7.05% (w/w). Increasing the amount of hydrolysate of sea cucumber in the formulation increased the tensile force but no significant difference was observed in the deformation. The hydrolysate of sea cucumber was successfully applied to a noodle formulation without degrading the major quality indices of noodle with enhancing the antioxidant activities.

NSS (Navigation satellite system) provides the information for determining the position, velocity and time of users in real time using satellite-networking, and is classified into GNSS (Global NSS) and RNSS (Regional NSS). Although GNSS services for global users, the exactitude of provided information is dissatisfied with the degree required in modern systems such as unmanned system, autonomous navigation system for aircraft, ship and others, air-traffic control system. Especially, due to concern about the monopoly status of the countries operating it, some other countries have already considered establishing RNSS. The RNSS services for users within a specific area, however, it not only gives more precise information than those from GNSS, but also can be operated independently from the NSS of other countries. Thus, for Korean RNSS, this paper suggests the methodology to design the satellite constellation considering the regional features of Korean Peninsula. It intends to determine the orbits and the arrangement of navigation satellites for minimizing PDOP (Position dilution of precision). PGA (Parallel Genetic Algorithm) geared to solve this nonlinear optimization problem is proposed and STK (System tool kit) software is used for simulating their space flight. The PGA is composed of several GAs and iterates the process that they search the solution for a problem during the pre-specified generations, and then mutually exchange the superior solutions investigated by each GA. Numerical experiments were performed with increasing from four to seven satellites for Korean RNSS. When the RNSS was established by seven satellites, the time ratio that PDOP was measured to less than 5 (i.e. better than ‘Good’ level on the meaning of the PDOP value) was found to 94.3% and PDOP was always kept at 10 or less (i.e. better than ‘Moderate’ level).