Though it has passed over 50 years since occupational therapy was introduced into Korea, the Korean occupational therapy is still in the beginning stage. This researcher investigated the reality of educating students and the problems in the field of occupational therapy. The quality of manpower is determined by how we can secure specialties in the process of educating students, and it is highly related with the standards of service. Therefore, the efforts to acknowledge the present situation of supply and demand for educating occupational therapy students should be made cautiously. To assure the quality of occupational therapists and make the better circumstances for them and predict the promising future in the field of occupational therapy, the basic regulations and minimum standards for educational institutions and practice institutions must be established immediately.

본 연구에서는 인적자원 개발의 국내외 동향과 2001년 한국 제조업의 세 분류 업종별 노동 생산성 분석 및 산업 인력 수급현황을 기초로 중소기업 경쟁력 강화를 위한 전문 인력 활용 방안을 제시한다.

안경사 면허제도가 도입되고 2년제 전문대학에 안경광학과가 셜치되어 안경사 인 력을 배출하고 었으나 업계의 실정에 맞는 인력수급에 대한 계획없이 배출되고 있는 실정이므로， 향후 안경사 인력의 적절한 수급체계를 유지하는데 참고할 만한 자료를 얻기 위하여 국내 안경사 면허취득자， 현업종사자， 안경사용인구 대비 안경사의 현황， 안경사 배출 교육기관의 입학정원과 교육현황을 외국과 비교 분석하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) 1987년 안경사 면허제도가 도입되어 1989년 1 ，281 명， 1990년 9，065명의안경사가 배출된 이 래 10년 동안 매년 평균 1 ，아)() 여명씩 증가되어 2αm년 현재 안경사 면허자 는 총 20，232명에 이르고 있다. 2) 1984년 대구보건전문대학에 안경광학과가 개설되어 1986년 80여명의 졸업생올 배출한 이래 2000년 12월 현재 17 개 2년제 대학(입학정원 1 ，460명)과 4개의 4년제 대 학(입학정원 300 명)에 안경광학과가 개셜되어 12，460여명의 졸업생이 배출되었으며， 2001 년에는 2개의 2년제 대학(입학정원 80 명)이 추가로 개셜되어 2004년부터 매년 1 ，880여명의 졸업생이 배출될 전망이다. :n 안경원의 수는 1않써년 3，873개에서 2αU년 6，614개로 매년 평균 270여개가 중가 하였고， 가용안경사의 취업률은 1990년 7，532 명 (9 1.0%) 에서 2000년 11 ，잃3 명 (69.5%) 으 로 매년 평균 2.1%가 감소되었다. 4) 2000 년 현재 취업안경사 대비 안경사용자는 전국 명굵 1,815 명이며， 광주시가 1,043 명으로 가장 낮고， 경기도가 2,817 명으로 가장 높았다. 안경원 대비 안경사용 인구는 전국 평균 3,088 명이며， 광주시가 1,932 명으로 가장 낮고 경기도가 4,699 명 으로 가장 높았다. 5) 1995 년 현재 선진 외국의 안경사 대비 안경착용인구는 평균 3,146 명이며， 독 일이 4,707 명으로 가장 높고， 미국이 1,786 명으로 가장 낮았다. 6) 외국은 안경사와 옵토매트리스트의 교육과정이 엄격히 구분되어 있으며， 안경사 의 수와 안경원의 수를 적절히 조정할 수 있는 기능을 갖고 있다. 7) 1987 -1999년 동안 실시된 전국 안경사용률 조사를 근거로 안경사용인구를 추 정하여 산출된 안경사 수요추계는 선진국의 기준(안경사 l 인당 3，000 명)시 2005년 8， 154명， 2010년 9，516명이었고， 2αm년 국내 취업안경사 기준(안경사 1 인당 1 ，815 명) 시 2005년 13，478명 ， 2010년 15，729명 이 었 다. 8) 최근 6년간 면허사행 웅시옳(89.6%) 과 합격률 (58.1%)율 적용하여 산출한 공급 추계는 2005년 21 ，642 명， 2010년 27，898명이었다. 9) 안경사 수급전망은 선진국 기준(안경사 l 인당 3，αm 명)시 2005년 13，쇄8명， 2010 년 18，382명이 과잉공급되고， 2이x>년 국내 취업안경사 기준(안경사 1 인당 1,815 명)시 2005년 8， 164명， 2010년 12， 169명이 과잉공급될 전망이다. 이처럼 안경사 인력수급과 관련하여 수적， 질적 및 분포 불균형이 갈수록 심각해질 것으로 예상되는 바， 수적 및 분포 불균형올 해결하기 위한 안경광학과 입학 정원의 감소 조정， 질적 불균형을 해결하기 위한 안경사 면허소지자의 계속교육 제도 마련 둥과 같은 적정 안경사 인력수급에 대한 해결방안이 조속히 마련되어야 할 것으로 생각된다.

It is expected that the demands of medical services in terms of health medical and social welfare will be increased rapidly due to the development of old-aged society and medical technologies. Accordingly the roles and tasks of the occupational therapist become more important, and the demands for the occupational therapist will be also increased. Therefore more systematic and effective manpower management on the occupational therapists is required. When the occupational therapists are classified by their job sites - clinic, health, and other, this study shows that the proportion of occupational therapist in clinic is the biggest. It is also expected that the proportion will be kept in the future. On this point of view, the demand and supply for the occupational therapists in clinics are discussed in this study. The number of occupational therapists demanded are usually depended upon the factors such as health care needs from public, system of medical fee payment and medical insurance, medical policy, share and coordination system of the role of medical service suppliers, and usage of medical facilities by public. This study shows that even the occupational therapists including the students in college in 2000 itself are over-estimated and over-supplied already under the current system of legislation, even though the estimation on manpower needed in this field shows lack of. In this point of view, this study proposes the measures against the problems expected as follow. 1. Legislative specification In spite of the varieties of the occupational therapy, only 4 categories of therapy -simple therapy, complex therapy, special therapy, activities of daily living adjustment training method - are specified in the insurance category of the law. Moreover, the law stipulates that special therapy and ADL adjustment training method shall be prescribed by the rehabilitation medicine. Thus the occupational therapy could not be requested from neurosurgery and orthopedic surgery at all. Nevertheless, it is strongly requested that patients from pediatrics, psychiatric, geriatrics, neurology, orthopedics as well as rehabilitation medicine shall be regarded as the subjects of the special therapy in the law. 2. Certification of psychiatric health care supplier According to the clause 7 of the psychiatric health law, only 3 groups of psychiatric health specialists including clinical psychologist, nurse, and social welfare specialist can supply a psychiatric health care. Anyhow the job descriptions on the clause 2 of the PH law implementation regulation such as ADL adjustment training, occupational and recreational therapy, etc should be classified as the job of occupational therapist. The psychiatric health care courses including the practices are established for the curriculum of the department of occupational therapy in college. And considering that the development of independent ADL ability for the patients is one of the most critical areas of the occupation therapy discipline, the occupational therapist shall supply the psychiatric health care services, 3. Short of facilities and the alternatives The number of occupational therapy clinics in Korea, 98, is not sufficient. Moreover many of the clinics are at big hospitals in big cities, and only 32 clinics are in regional areas. It is required to inform the government agencies and public opinion leaders that occupational therapy clinics shall not be limited to the big hospitals, rather than health offices managed by government should accept the clinics at first. The ultimate purpose of health services, promoting personal health status and help him to return to the society, is likely accorded with that of occupational therapy. Therefore it is requested that the occupational therapy clinics shall be opened in psychiatric resorts, health offices, special institute for disabled, rehabilitation institutes, and the facilities for old aged persons as well as in hospitals.

투과증발 공정을 이용한 알코올/물 혼합물의 분리 시 투과성분/투과성분, 투과성분/막간의 상호인력이 전체적인 투과거동에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 연구하였다. 사용한 막은 poly(vinyl alcohol)을 glutaraldehyde 로 가교한 막을 사용하였다. 일련의 알코올은 분자량 크기 순서대로 methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 1-butanol을 사용하였으며, 조성은 70~97 wt% , 온도는 30, 40, 5℃로 변화시키면서 실험하였다. 투과속도는 알코올 함량이 높은 영역에서는 methanol 수용액이 가장 높았으며 ethanol, 1-propanol, 1-butanol 수용액 순으로 감소하였다. 그러나 물의 함량이 어느 정도 높아지면 이런 현상은 완전히 역전되어 1-butanol 수용액의 투과속도가 가장 높으며 1-propanol, ethanol, methanol 수용액 순으로 투과속도 크기를 보였다. 이러한 현상을 공급액의 조성에 따른 막과 투과성분간의 상호인력, 투과성분과 투과성분간의 상호인력 등의 영향의 관점에서 분석하였다.

This study analysed national data of manpower supply for physical therapists in Korea. Based on the comparative analysis results of the future demand and supply, as of May 1998, it is estimated that there was already an oversupply of physical therapists in Korea. This oversupply is expected to continue even though there would be an increase in hospital beds, rehabilitation facilities for the elderly, and nursing homes. Thus it would be desirable to cut down the number of students admitted to physical therapy schools each year. Our estimation shows that the Ministry of Health and Welfare must take measures to reduce the supply of physical therapist as soon as possible.

Korea will soon experience a high demand for medical rehabilitation specialists, if it tries to deliver advanced health welfare service. In order to medical rehabilitation manpower policies, this study attempts to analyse, estimate and plan a long-term supply for physiatrists, physical therapists, and occupational therapists. The study analysed both national and foreign statistical data of manpower supply for medical rehabilitation specialists. A structured category of questionnaire was developed to survey the opinions of regarding the supply for rehabilitation specialists in Korea. Based on the above data, the demand of and supply for each specialists were estimated for long term up to the year 2030. Based on the comparative analysis results of the future demand and supply, the author intended to develop a new supply plan for the three specialist categories. The major findings of the supply plan are as follows : First, the replied proper mean ratios of rehabilitation professionals(physiatrists : physical therapists occupational therapists) appeared 1 : 5.93 : 3.59, and there is no significant difference between interprofessionals (p>0.05). Secons, the estimated demand for rehabilitation services by interprofessionals appeared significant difference among the interprofessionals (p<0.05).

The amount of Sea Casualty is increased by heavy sea traffic, increasing sea-borne cargoes, and superannuated vessels. This study analyzed the circumstance of ship salvage in Korean Salvage Units and management of Salvage Divers in Korea and other countries in order to make establishment of Ship Salvage Divers. This paper reputed the object, the necessity and the character of Ship Salvage Divers. For the purpose of study two parts are considered in order to analyze the environment of salvage divers(the circumstance of Sea Casulties and Ship Salvage). Under the present circumstance in Korea this development planning study may be restricted, but the effective planning to activate Korean Ship Salvage Diver is abstracted as follows; First, the political assistance of concerned government authority is needed. Second, establishment of new course, grade, certificate and licence for Salvage Diver is a Pre-requisite factor for the successful enactment. Third, establishment of Korean Ship Salvage Diving Center or School is strongly required.

These studies were conducted to: a) investigate work patterns and productivity indices, b) rate performance levels of employees and c) determine the suggested levels of personnel and labor hours for the effective labor control in school foodservice. Eighteen elementary school foodservices in Seoul were selected in order to analyze work patterns by the work sampling methodology. Allowance time and performance rating by VTR observation was done to determine the standardized labor hours. The results were as follows. The average percentage of each work function of the total work functions such as direct work function, indirect work function and delay were 65.57%, 8.12%, 26.31% respectively. The productivity index is 0.92 min/meal. The average working and delay hours per week of the foodservice director, foodservice employees and supply person were 33.64 hours, 23.25 hours, 38.52 hours respectively. The percentage of delay hours of total labor hours for foodservice employees and supply person were 42.27% and 24.0%. The standardized work hours and the appropriate levels of foodservice employees of 17 elementary school foodservices were examined: The average rating of the foodservice employees work was 1.19 and British Insulated Calendarer Cables (BICC) allowance rate was 19.40% on the average. The total work hours of foodservice employees were 172.64 hours per week and levels of personnel were 4.53 persons. BICC allowance rate was applied: The standardized work hours per week was 180.95 hours and appropriate levels of personnel were 4.11 persons based on legal 44 working hours.

Morse potential을 변형한 2체항(2-body tem)과 Axilrod-Teller potential을 변형한 3체항(3-body tem)으로 구성된 포텐셜에너지 함수를 사용하여 C2-C6 cluster 동소체들의 에너지들의 에너지를 3체항 세기인자(3-body intensity factor)의 함수로 나타냄으로써 3체 인력의 기여도의 증가함에 따라 carbon cluster들의 구조는 open structure로부터 closed structure로, 또한 복잡한 구조로부터 단순한 구조, 즉 3차원적인 형태로부터 2차원 및 1차원적인 형태로 변해감을 알 수 있었다.