본 연구에서는 serM 모형에 한류의 SWOT분석―한류의 강점(Strength)과 약점(Weakness), 기회 (Opportunity)와 위협(Threat) 요인을 분석―을 결합하여 serM-SWOT 매트릭스 분석을 실시하였다. 이 를 통해 한류의 형성과 발전, 현황을 분석하고, 한류의 성장요인과 경쟁력 원천이 무엇인지 분석하였다. 더불어 한류의 발전 기회와 활성화 방안도 분석하였다. 본 연구결과, 한류가 20여 년간 지속적인 성장 을 거듭할 수 있었던 이유는 대략 다섯 가지 정도였다; 국제적 마인드와 전문성을 갖춘 프로듀서 및 아 이돌, 동서양 고유의 특징을 고루 갖춘 콘텐츠, 한국정부의 정책적인 할류 육성, 대외 수요의 급증, 디지 털시대에의 조응 등. 한편, 한류의 경쟁력은 한국이 미국, 중국, 일본 등지의 해외 문화를 자신의 것으로 승화･발전시킨 것에서 비롯되었다고 할 수 있다. 즉 타국 문화의 수용을 넘어 한국 특유의 문화산업으 로 발전시켰기에 한류의 강한 경쟁력이 형성될 수 있었던 것이다. 그런 점에서 한류의 지속적인 성장과 발전을 위해서는 이 같은 한류의 강점이 더욱 강화되어야 할 것으로 보인다.

인도의 다국적 기업은 지난 10년간 상당한 성장세를 보여 왔다. 2016년에 인도의 8개 다국적 기업이 포춘지선정 500개 기업에 진입했고, 글로벌 브랜드 선정에서 5개의 인도의 기업 브랜드가 선정되었다. 보스턴 컨설팅산하의 BCG에서 선정한 BCG 100에 19개의 인도 기업이 이름을 올렸다. 물론이 수치가 중국과 비교하였을때는 적은 수치지만 중국과 다르게 인도는 진출지역이 북미나 유럽에 집중되어 있다는 점에서 다른 양상을 보이고 있다. 본 연구에서는 인도 신흥국 다국적 기업 중에서 글로벌 네트워크가 구축되어 있는 IT서비스 분야가 Mathews 의 LLL이론을 적용하기에 상당히 적합하다고 판단되어 성과 도출이 가능한 인도 IT서비스 기업인 TCS와 Wipro 에 대해 분석을 실시하였다. 분석 결과 기존 연구에서 다소 부족했던 연계(Linkage)와 영향력(Leverage)에 대해 인도 IT서비스의 급속한 글로벌화를 통하여 구체적인 사례를 통해 검증할 수 있었다. LLL이론 검증의 구체적인 실증물로 TCS는 Global Delivery Model과 Wipro는 기술 인프라 서비스 아카데미와 글로벌 캠퍼스 프로그램을 통해서 LLL이론의 각 요인들이 상호작용하면서, 구체적인 성과를 달성하고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.

Soft power is an important part of national comprehensive strength, many countries has taken all kinds of measures to improve the level of soft power, but there are big differences of efficiency. Important reason lies in the cultural communication strategy. This paper takes China and Republic of Korea as examples to sum up the influence of cultural communication strategy on soft power. The common characteristics of the two countries is the importance of government. However, due to differences in cultural industrialization and dissemination content, there are still great differences in the effect of cultural transformation into soft power. Overall, Republic of Korea has more successful experiences and China is in the process of development.

A climate change has been reported as the most important issue related with vector borne diseases eg. Zika and Denguemainly transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes. In 2016, 24 imported Zika virus disease cases and > 300 cases of Dengue feverwere reported in the Republic of Korea (ROK). In the ROK, the control of disease vectors has been mainly carried outusing chemicals, which resulted in high insecticide resistance. Many studies and projects in Korea Center for DiseaseControl & Preventionfor overcoming the insecticide resistance of disease vectors have been carried out and some nationaldisease vector management systems for effective vector control are established throughout the ROK. In this presentation,the national vector management systems and studies will be addressed.Key words : Disease vectors, National management, the Republic of Korea, climate change

문화재보호법 제2조에 따르면 “문화재”란 인위적이거나 자연적으로 형성된 국가적·민족적 또는 세계적 유산으로서 역사적·예술적·학술적 또는 경관적 가치가 큰 것을 말하며, 특히 “역사문화환경”이란 문화재 주변의 자연경관이나 역 사적·문화적인 가치가 뛰어난 공간으로서 문화재와 함께 보 호할 필요성이 있는 주변 환경을 지칭한다. 우리나라의 경 우 역사문화환경을 단독으로 문화재로 지정하기 보다는 주 로 문화재와 문화재 인접 자연경관을 함께 문화재로 지정하 여 보호하고 있다. 경주시 탑동에 위치한 오릉은 1969년 사적 제172호로 지정되었고 면적은 185,129㎡이다. 삼국사기(1145년)에 따 르면 신라 시조 박혁거세와 제2대 남해왕, 제3대 유리왕, 제5대 파사왕 등 신라 초기 4명의 박씨 임금과 혁거세의 왕후인 알영왕비 등 5명의 무덤이라 되어 있다. 경국대전 (1429년)에서는 오릉에 대해 묘비를 세우고 수호군을 두어 특별히 관에서 제사와 보호를 담당하였으며 원림의 보호 및 수목의 벌채나 농지의 개간 등을 엄하게 한다는 내용이 기재되어 있다. 이렇듯 오릉은 5개의 봉분 뿐 아니라 주변 원림까지 지속적으로 관리되어 왔으며, 특히 역사적으로 한 반도의 능묘 수호의 과정을 나타낸다. 그러나 문화재 중 “생물자원”을 포함할 경우 일부 천연기 념물을 제외하고 문화재 지정 당시 및 최근까지도 현황에 대한 구체적 정보 기록이 있는 경우는 매우 드물다. 문화재 보호의 기본원칙은 해당 문화재의 원형을 유지하는 것이며 (문화재 보호법 제3조), 이는 생물문화재에 대해서도 동일 하게 적용되어야 한다. 경주 오릉의 경우 문화재 지정 이전 오릉 내 식생현황조사에 대한 기록은 일제강점기 때 조선총 독부에 의해 작성된 조선의 임수(1928)에서 주요 수종에 대한 개략적인 정보만 살펴볼 수 있으며, 문화재 지정 이후 문화재 관리를 위한 연구는 이루어지지 않은 것으로 판단된 다. 이에 본 연구에서는 문화재로서 경주 오릉 내 식생현황 에 대한 현 상태를 공간정보로 구축하고 문화재로서 오릉의 자연환경에 대한 향후 관리방안을 제시하고자 하였다. 경주 오릉 내 식생현황을 파악하기 위해 대상지 내 수목에 대한 전수조사를 실시하였다. 조사는 개별 수목의 생육위치 를 디지털좌표로 측정하고 수종명, 규격, 생육상태를 조사하 였다. 수목의 규격은 수고, 흉고직경, 수관폭을 조사하였고, 수목생육상태는 양호, 불량으로 판단하였다. 지형특성의 경 우 1:1,000 수치지형도의 등고선데이터를 추출한 분석과 현 장에서 측정한 데이터를 비교하였다. 현장조사 시 성토된 수목의 경우 성토 높이를 측정하여 분석에 반영하였다. 경주 오릉 내 수고 2m이상, 흉고직경 2cm이상 수목은 조사일 기준 총 35종 1,942주가 생육하고 있었다. 이 중 오릉 내 환경적 특성에 의해 자연적으로 형성된 수종으로 판단되는 종은 총 12종이었으며, 조경적 관점에서 식재된 종의 경우 23종으로 확인되었다. 또한 주요 수종인 소나무와 버드나무, 왕버들의 생육환경을 살펴보면, 소나무의 경우 하안림이나 하천상에 발달된 퇴적지 등에서 배수가 잘되고 토양이 건조한 곳이었으나(김진수 등, 1993; 이응열, 2013), 버드나무속(Salix)은 수분이 많은 저수지, 하천변 및 계곡 등의 습지가 생육적지였다(이인순 등, 2001). 그러나 현장조 사 결과 대상지 내 성토와 암거배수로 인해 전반적인 버드나 무속 고령목의 생육이 불량한 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 경주 오릉의 경우 신라시조의 무덤으로서 5개의 능과 인 접 원림을 지속해서 보호해 왔으나, 기존의 문헌과는 달리 잣나무, 배롱나무 등 자연적 유입이 아닌 식재된 수종이 높 은 비율을 차지하고 있었다. 아울러 기존수목의 전반적 생 육이 불량한 상태로 확인되었다. 이는 역사문화환경을 문화 재로 지정하였으나 역사적 고증 없이 문화재를 관리한 결과 로 판단된다. 이에 문화재 지정 전의 숲의 원형과 해당 지역 의 지형 및 토양, 생태적 특성분석을 통해 문화재로서의 원 형 보전을 위한 노력이 절실하였다.

Students with disabilities are more likely to be the targets of victimization than their general education peers. Intensive management of violence against students with disabilities in school is necessary. The purpose of this paper is to identify the risk and protective factors of peer victimization and try to find out effective strategies to reduce the violence in school. In order to reduce the incidence of bullying and peer victimization, additional focus is needed on the identification of factors associated with bullying, such as differences between disabled and non-disabled students, social networks, imbalance of power and social fluency, with the intensive supervision on the time and place of high incidence of school violence. In addition, the environmental barriers confronted with students with disabilities are to be recognized in dealing with the cases of school violence. Only by removing these barriers, the harmful consequences of school violence will be minimized.

This manuscript describes the relationship between climate change and forest growth, forest species, carbon stocks, and tree mortality. 1) In the aspect of forest growth, the growth of major coniferous species, including Pinus densiflora, had a negative correlation with temperature. On the other hand, major deciduous oak species, including Quercus variabilis and Quercus mongolica, had a positive correlation with temperature. 2) When considered in the aspect of the forest species distribution, various models commonly showed a decrease in the distribution of coniferous species and an increase in oak species due to climate change in the medium to long term. 3) From the carbon stock perspective, there was a difference in the estimation according to the status of forest management. Most of Korean forests will mature to become over-matured forest after year 2030 and are estimated to produce approximately 410 million ton forest biomass until 2090 with the current cutting regulations for sustainable forest management announced by the Korean Forest Service. 4) In the forest mortality, the mortality rate of the major coniferous species showed a clear tendency to increase higher temperatures while it decreased for the oak species with no verification of statistical significance. Moreover, the mortality of the subalpine coniferous species was projected to progress rapidly. considering the overall impacts described above, there should be a management strategy for coniferous species that are relatively vulnerable to climate change. Moreover, a sustainable forest plan in the aspect of ecosystem services, carbon sequestration and storage, which is linked to global issues such as Sustainable Development Goals, ecosystem services and negative emission.

이 글은 지속적인 탈북자문제와 북한인권개선 방안에 관한 것이다. 탈북 자는 1990년대 후반부터 지속적으로 한국행 입국을 해왔다. 북한주민의 탈북배경은 1990년대 중반까지는 북한 자체 ‘고난의 행군시기’의 경제적 동기가 가장 컸다. 하지만 이러한 탈북동기는 2000년대를 거치면서 기획 탈북, 가족단위의 집단탈북, 자신의 미래를 위한 탈북 등의 형태 등으로 바뀌어왔다. 탈북자들은 탈북 후 한국입국 전까지 중국과 제3국에서 불법 체류자 신분으로 인권사각지대에서 엄청난 인권침해를 당하고 있다. 그동안 한국이 탈북자문제에 대해 정부와 민간부문에서 꾸준한 노력을 해 왔 음에도, 탈북자문제와 인권문제에 대해 정부와 민간부문에서 지속적인 공 동의 역할은 더 절실하다. 정부는 2016년 3월 국회에서 북한인권법 통과 로 이 법안에 따라 북한인권문제를 제도적 절차에 따라 탈북문제를 인간의 보편적 가치와 민족문제로 인식하고 국내외적으로도 공동협력해 나가는 다각적인 노력을 기울여야 한다.

Climate change has been identified as one with the greatest challenges facing nations, government, business and over future decades. Activities to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by the Kyoto Protocol, the international community has been in progress. Korea also has introduced the Emission trading system to reduce greenhouse emission from the supervision of the government. Greenhouse gases emissions quantity should be internationally recognized. Mutual Recognition Arrangement should be recognized as the same greenhouse gas emission. International recognition of domestic verification body of international mutual recognition is required. Efforts are needed to secure the equivalence between the emission rights through direct cooperation with the relative nation accreditation body. Early entry into the IAF/PAC GHG MLA is essential for demonstrating equivalence between greenhouse gas emissions. Emissions trading will also require connection to the EU ETS, California, USA, and Tokyo, Japan to link Emissions trading. In the case of establishing accreditation standards and accreditation criteria, it will be necessary to distinguish between the domestic Energy Target Management System and the Emission Trading System. Independent greenhouse gases verification bodies should be established to meet the requirements of IAF and PAC. It is necessary to revise the qualification criteria for the verification of the greenhouse gas verification body according to international standards requirements. It is necessary to support the role of accreditation bodies of domestic greenhouse gas verification bodies. It is required to join international organizations of international mutual recognition of international trade and the need for pilot projects to link greenhouse gas emissions. The core link to our emission trading system is called EU-ETS, and we will need to join the IAF/PAC GHG MLA GHG. The International Mutual Recognition Agreement (IAF) is expected to allow international interoperability of GHG emissions verification between EA and the PAC. By signing a PAC GHG MLA, it will need to be prepared to prepare for the pilot project to link the emission trading system.

Authenticity is an important topic in business activities and society at large. Sustainability management and marketing activities are required as consumers become more interested in society. The consumer evaluation of brand authenticity is a crucial factor in a brand’s reputation and long-term growth, which affects brand loyalty, electronic word of mouth (eWOM) and purchase behavior. With this latest trend, luxury brands are paying attention to sustainability activities, but consumer confidence in the sustainability of luxury brands is still low. Experts emphasize that building trust with customers by promising authenticity is a key challenge. Meanwhile, luxury brands are actively communicating with consumers through SNS, such as Instagram. Social media marketing directly and indirectly influences brand authenticity, as well as purchase intentions and eWOM. Nevertheless, there is little exposure to sustainability activities in the social media accounts of luxury brands. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between the sustainability activities on the social media of luxury brands and brand authenticity, as well as the effects of brand authenticity on eWOM and purchase intention. For this study, we conducted an online survey targeting individuals with ages of 20–30 years and who are highly interested in society while actively using social media. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS 21.0 software package. The main finding of this study reveals that consumers are more aware of brand authenticity when they see an Instagram post that includes messages about sustainability rather than a post without any such messages. In addition, brand authenticity has positive effects on eWOM and purchase intention. These findings suggest that sustainability marketing by luxury brands leads to positive consumer response, and the broadcasting of messages about sustainability via social media is effective for the marketing strategy of luxury brands.

Recent years have brought along a significant increase of possibilities to get in touch and interact with potential and current customers (Neslin et al., 2006; Lemon & Verhoef, 2016). Especially the rise of digital media as well as sales channels has added new challenges and general complexity to the management of customer interactions (Brynjolfsson, Hu, and Rahman, 2013; Lamberton & Stephen, 2016). At the same time, consumers’ preferences regarding how, where, and when to get in touch with brands, be approached by, and interact with them are changing (Edelmann, 2010; Batra & Keller, 2016; Sherman, 2017). At the forefront of this trend are consumers of the millennial generation, who are stereotyped to be much more connected, social media present, and impatient than previous generations (Fromm & Garton, 2013; Goldman Sachs, 2016). For luxury brands the challenge is particularly difficult. They want to provide the best experience to their consumers to underpin their exclusiveness (Atwal & Williams, 2009; Kapferer, 1996; Kapferer, 2014) at the same time they are facing a high risk of inconsistency across touchpoints. Their limited experience with digital touchpoints reinforce the challenging task even further (Okonkwo, 2009; Heine & Berghaus, 2014). Not reacting does not seem to be an option in light of the market developments. Following every trend and being present in every possible channel does not appear to be the most compelling strategy either. It raises the risk of inconsistency and badly managed interactions. Rather, companies need to define goals along the customer journey, pick the right touchpoints and manage them in a way to reach those goals, and deduct strategies to provide an integrated customer experience. The question arises how can brands successfully exploit touchpoint strategies to engage Millennials in the luxury market? Most published studies focus on specific groups of touchpoints and conclude that a more holistic understanding of customer interactions is needed (Baxendale, Macdonald & Wilson, 2015; Verhoef & Lemon, 2016). Also in the luxury segment, research has mainly explored the new digital touchpoints or the retail channel in particular, but not taken a holistic view discussing overall touchpoint strategies (e.g. Kim & Ko, 2012; Heine & Berghaus, 2014; Lee & Watkins, 2016). We aim to close this gap by taking a strategic view on touchpoint management and its goals focusing on the luxury industry and Millennial consumers as a customer group to secure a forward-looking perspective. Based on Baxendale et al. (2015) we define a touchpoint as each direct or indirect interaction of a consumer with a brand. This means that brand to consumer as well as consumer to consumer and third party to consumer interactions are included in our understanding, which appears to be highly relevant in light of the high importance of word of mouth referrals for luxury brands and the increasing relevance of bloggers and influencers. To understand which touchpoints should and can be used for which purposes, we first want to understand what goals companies pursue along the customer journey and then deduct which touchpoints can help them accomplish those goals. Is a brand website for example a tool that should convert customers to buy or is it rather an information tool that nurtures awareness in the pre-purchase phase? Depending on the answer, the content and website design as well as the definition what constitutes success for the website presence need to be fundamentally different. If the goal has not been defined in advance, the management of the website may appear difficult as different directions may be pursued. To shed light on these challenges, we use a literature review to develop a semi-structured interview guide. We then speak to industry experts to learn more about the goals they pursue in each phase of interaction with consumers along the customer journey. We deduct the types of interactions that are the most fruitful to successfully perform these interactions. This way, we aim to deduct first insights into the management of touchpoints. These can later on be further deepened.

Over the last decades, the global luxury business has become dominated by large conglomerates. Backed by the financial power of their parent companies, formerly small and often family-owned brands have expanded their presence around the globe. They have established themselves in some of the most expensive shopping districts, acquired illustrious testimonials, and sponsored prestigious events. Almost overwhelmed by the omnipresence of luxury, consumers are said to have begun looking for the “genuine” and “unique,” favoring smaller, less homogenized and more intimate luxury brands not necessarily known to the larger public. This study thus looks beyond the well-known players in the luxury market and explores the differentiating strategies used by independent niche luxury companies. It aims to identify factors contributing to their success in a global market otherwise dominated by ever-growing luxury giants.

The research shopping involves making use of multiple channels for a single shopping incident, such as searching from one channel and buying from another (Neslin et al. 2006, Neslin and Shankar 2009, Verhoef, Neslin and Vroomen 2007). This is an opportunistic behavior on the side of the consumers, and may result in an unfair advantage of the retailers in one channel consumers choose to purchase from. For instance, consumers may browse a product in a brick-and-mortar store, making use of the retail space and sales assistance, and proceed to buy online from another retailer which offers lower price. This is called a “showrooming” behavior (when focusing on the consumer), or channel-free riding (when focusing on the business) (Mehra, Kumar, & Raju 2013, Van Baal & Dach 2005). Offline retailers are wary of this phenomena that may lead to higher costs and lower sales, and attempt to discourage it (Rapp et al. 2015). For instance, Borders and Circuit City, the former US national chains with a substantial offline market presence, went out of business presumably due to the showrooming phenomenon (Gustin, 2012; Passariello, Kapner, & Mesco 2014). However, recent studies show that research shopping across multiple channels within one company can be managed and contributes to firm profitability in the long run (Verhoef, Kannan, & Inman 2015, Zheng et al. 2016). Kumar & Venkatesan (2005) reveal that consumers who uses multiple channels are the ones with greater customer lifetime value and with less churn intention (Blattenberg, Malthouse, & Neslin 2009, Stone, Hobbs, & Khaleeli 2002). Neslin & Shankar (2009) suggest a practical discussion on market strategy in which customers who visited offline stores can be encouraged to repeat-purchase or to foster brand involvement by maintaining contact in another channel (e.g., email newsletter). It is particularly desirable to lure online consumers to an offline site, since they tend to make greater amount of purchases in a brick-and-mortar store (Ansari, Mela, & Neslin 2008). In the age of effortless access to and switching among a plethora of channels by consumers, it is critical for a business to understand and make best of the situation. In this regard, understanding consumers in terms of who are more likely to display research shopping tendency is crucial. Depending on whether a person tends to do research shopping, business should suggest and offer different channels for different purposes (Verhoef, Kannan, & Inman 2015, Zheng et al. 2016). For instance, those with high tendency to research shop can be approached in one channel, and nudged to another for purchasing. Those with low tendency should be directed to the final purchasing channel. With this in mind, we aim to investigate research shopping behaviors and individual covariates of these shoppers using individual-level responses. We conducted an online survey in France during September 2014 in cooperation with an anonymous global marketing research firm. The survey focused mainly on exploring customers’ shopping behavior in the apparel industry, as customers’ research shopping behaviors are salient in this industry because of its experiential attributes (Girard, Silverblatt, & Korgaonkar, 2002; Klein, 1998), while traditional patterns of purchasing using only one channel is also prevalent. After a discussion with the research firm about the French apparel industry and main customers’ demographics, we restricted the respondent pool to those between the ages of 25 and 54 who have abundant experience and an active role in apparel shopping. Responses from a total of 400 participants were used in the analyses. The dataset includes individual-level shopping characteristics, demographic information, and the extent of their research shopping behavior. Specifically, each customer was asked about their apparel shopping history (purchase frequency and expenditures on apparel) over the last three months for both offline and online retailers. In addition, demographic information such as gender, age, and educational background were asked. Using multiple questions, we captured shopper’s shopping traits, such as deal-proneness, quality-consciousness, and the degree of their shopping budget flexibility. To explore the individual characteristics of research shoppers, we modeled the probability of being a research shopper using a logistic regression model. From our modeling results, we suggest two notable findings. First, customers’ qualityconsciousness significantly increases their research shopping behavior, while their deal-proneness exerts little to no influence. We conclude this is due to extensive and systematic search tendency shared by quality-conscious customers, based on previous findings in the literature. That is, quality-consciousness induces customers to search carefully across multiple channels to check on multiple quality dimensions of the options at hand, and possibly discover other similar options that may maximize their satisfaction (Lysonski, Durvasula, & Zotos 1996, Sprotles & Kendall 1986, Wesley, LeHew, & Woodside 2006). However, deal-proneness is not associated with research shopping behavior presumably because the one dimension that these customers value (i.e., price) can be easily searched in one channel—the online channel. The literature supports this finding, since studies show that deal-prone customers tend to shop more online (Close & Kukar-Kinney 2010, Devaraj, Fan, & Kohli 2002, Zhou, Dai, & Zhang 2007). We also find that the association between quality-consciousness and research shopping behavior is more pronounced when the shoppers are flexible with their shopping budget. That is, when shoppers are both quality-conscious and willing and able to consider other options or additional items beside the one they have originally planned before shopping, their research shopping tendency is enhanced. We explain that this is because consumer behaviors and decisions are made upon limited resources (e.g., time, effort, and money), and that customers with flexible resources are more likely to extend and manage their choice set (Maity, Dass, & Malhotra 2014, Malhotra 1982). These consumers do not refrain from including options that are better yet more expensive, as they can afford the superior option that suits their tastes (Becker, 1965; Ghose & Han, 2011), and without the fear of creating regrets due to discovering unaffordable options (Lenton, Fasolo, & Todd 2008). We expect our work on research shopping to provide insights to both researchers and practitioners, as today’s multi-channel environment provides opportunities for businesses to manage their customers strategically over several channels they are present in. Therefore, the research is expected to be a useful reference for understanding multi-channel shoppers for the academics, and a valuable guide to retail firms that aim to not only cope with the multi-channel environment but to become a true omni-channel player.

The study discussed advanced-level Korean high school EFL learners’ demotivation and remotivation strategies in English learning. Demotivation refers to specific external forces that reduce or harm motivation; remotivation is the process of recovering the reduced motivation. Although both are common in L2 learning, only a few studies address this issue. Using the survey data of 130 participants, the study identified eight demotivating factors through factor analysis. The first factor, negative attitude toward English, indicates that even high school students felt demotivated because of the sheer difficulty of studying English. Descriptive statistics revealed that a negative attitude toward the English-speaking community was not a strong demotivator, which indicated that students possessed Machiavellian motivation. Correlation and regression analysis suggested that no demotivator had a significant negative relationship with English scores; rather, the ways students perceived the demotivators were more important. Eight remotivation strategies were identified; among those, “Keep thinking about the social importance of English” was the most often mentioned one. These results suggested the need for further qualitative, systemic research on remotivators and for training programs for practicing remotivation strategies.

This study aims to present some strategies for teaching the students Arabic idioms. Arabic idioms can be defined as expressions whose meaning is not predictable from the usual meanings of its constituent elements, as kick the bucket or hang one’s head, or from the general grammatical rules of a language, as the table round for the round table, and that is not a constituent of a larger expression. In linguistics, idioms are usually presumed to be figures of speech, contradicting the principle of compositionality. That compositionality is the key notion for the analysis of idioms is emphasized in most accounts of idioms. This principle states that the meaning of a whole should be constructed from the meanings of the parts that make up the whole. In other words, one should be in a position to understand the whole if one understands the meanings of each of the parts that make up the whole. The strategies presented in this paper are based on the definitions or the linguistic peculiarities of idiom, mainly from the syntactic and semantic points of view. It’s worth mentioning that recently Arab linguists are showing unprecedented interests in idiomatic expressions and compiling the dictionary of Arabic idioms.

가석방이란 자유형의 집행중에 있는 수형자가 행장이 양호하고 개전의 정이 현저한 경우에는 형벌의 목적이 달성되었다고 판단하여, 수형자의 사회복귀와 갱생의욕을 고취하고자 시설내 중심처우에서 사회중심 처우로 전환하는 것을 뜻한다. 이 제도는 형사정책상의 특별예방사상의 실현과 교정이념의 하나인 수형자 조기사회 복귀를 도모하고, 교정비용도 절감할 수 있는 필수불가결한 제도의 하나이다. 현재 우리나라의 가석방제도의 운영은 형법 등에 규정된 조건보다 엄격하게 운영되어 왔다고 볼 수 있다. 이에 따라 교정시설의 과밀수용 등 여러 가지 어려운 문제들을 야기하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 우리나라 가석방운영의 현황, 문제점 등을 살펴보고 그 효율적 운영방안에 관하여 다각도로 고찰하여 보았다. 현행 가석방 제도의 개선방안으로는 다음과 같은 사항을 검토해 볼 수 있을 것이다. ① 가석방 심사기관의 일원화･전문화, ② 가석방의 점진적 확대, 활성화, ➂ 가석방전 사회내 적응훈련 등의 효율화 ➃ 시설내 처우와 사회내 처우의 긴밀한 관계유지, ⑤ 가석방자에 대한 사회봉사명령제 등 도입, ⑥ 선시제도와 그 도입여부 검토, ⑦ 가석방의 효율적 운영을 위한 심사기준 확립 등이다. 현행의 가석방제도를 합리적으로 개선해 나가며 이 제도를 적극적으로 활용하여, 당면과제의 하나인 수용자 과밀수용해소와 함께 교정관계 국제규칙 등의 규정에 부합하는 교정행정이 될 수 있도록 다각적인 조치가 필요하다고 본다. 나아가 교정시설 운영에 대한 전문화, 시설의 확충, 예산의 확대도 요구된다 하겠다.

Smart Manufacturing Factory is a paradigm of the future lead to the fourth industrial revolution that led Germany and the United States. Now the automation of the production facility and won a certain degree, and through the process of integrating the entire process, including planning, design, distribution of information and communication technology products in emerging as a core competitiveness of the national economy. In particular, the company accelerated the smart factory building in order to improve the manufacturing industry, cost savings and productivity simply to incorporate internet of things(IoT),Robot, artificial intelligence, big data technology as a factory automation level of sophistication of the system and out to progress to the level that replaces human labor have. In this we should look at the trend of promoting domestic and foreign factories want to present these smart strategies for Korea.

목적 : 본 연구는 국내 작업치료사의 직무스트레스 및 스트레스 대처전략을 조사하고 그 연관성을 분석함으 로써 향후 직무스트레스를 효율적으로 관리하는데 있어 기초자료를 제공하고자 한다. 연구방법 : 대한작업치료사협회에 등록 된 지회 및 남녀비율을 고려하여 할당표본추출방법으로 대상자를 선 정하였으며, 설문조사는 2016년 10월 1일부터 31일까지 1개월간 온라인 설문을 통해 실시하였다. 작업 치료사 450명의 응답 중 미응답 항목이 있는 44부를 제외하고 406명의 응답을 분석하였다. 결과 : 작업치료사의 직무스트레스는 직무요구, 보상부적절, 조직체계요인이 평균 이상으로 높았고 그 중 직 무요구가 직무스트레스의 주요인이었다. 작업치료사가 주로 사용하는 스트레스 대처전략은 소망적사고, 문제중심, 사회적지지 추구, 감정완화 전략 순이었다. 직무스트레스와 대처전략 간의 상관관계를 분석한 결과, 문제중심과 사회적지지 추구 전략과 같은 적극적인 스트레스 대처전략을 많이 사용할수록 전체 직 무스트레스는 감소하는 통계적으로 유의한 음의 상관관계(r =-.37, -.30, p<.01)를 나타냈다. 결론 : 작업치료사는 직무스트레스를 회피하는 것 보다는 정확한 원인을 파악하여 자신에게 적합한 대처 방 안을 모색할 필요가 있으며, 근무기관에서는 효율적인 인력관리와 대처전략 지지를 위해 근무시간의 유 연성 및 동료 간 네트워킹 형성 기회 제공 등을 통해 작업치료서비스의 질을 높이길 기대한다.