The recent increase in the occurrence of common bed bug and tropical bed bug in shared areas highlights the need for rapid species identification at infestation sites, which is crucial for implementing targeted control measures due to differences in genetic and physiological traits. In this study, molecular diagnostic methods were developed using species-specific ITS2 sequences. Both multiplex PCR and loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) protocols with a DNA release method successfully distinguished between the two bed bug species regardless of developmental stages in 0.5~2.5 hours, even with dead specimens. Especially, LAMP's simplicity and speed make it applicable for rapid and accurate bed bug diagnosis at infestation sites.

Rice serves as the staple food for many Asian countries. However, it faces a significant threat from various Hemiptera species, including Nilaparvata lugens, Sogatella furcifera, Laodelphax striatellus, and Nephotettix cincticeps, which can cause devastating diseases. These species are economically significant pests of rice. Traditional morphology-based methods have proven inefficient in accurately distinguishing these pests at the species level. In this study, we present a successful approach for designing species-specific primers and their application in both general and multiplex PCR as well as loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assays, widely adopted molecular tools for species identification. Each primer set incorporates a species-specific sequence of at least 2 base pairs in both the forward and reverse primers. These primers have demonstrated exceptional diagnostic accuracy in conventional and multiplex PCR. Additionally, our study showcases the high sensitivity of LAMP, successfully achieving positive amplification with genomic DNA quantities ranging from 100pg to 10pg. In summary, these techniques provide an efficient means of diagnosing planthoppers in a large number of field-collected or individual samples.

본 연구는 민간기업과는 다른 특성을 보이는 공공기관 HRD의 평가지표 도출이 필요하다는 문제의식에 서 출발하였으며, 공공기관 HRD 체계의 타당한 평가 준거 개발을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 CIPP 모형을 활용하여 공공부문 HRD체계와 과정 준거를 개발했던 연구사례를 분석하고, 국내 공공기관 인적자원개발 실무자 6인 대상의 심층 인터뷰를 실시하여 15개 평가영역, 41개 평가항목, 56개 평가지표로 구성된 평가 준거 초안을 도출하였다. 평가준거 초안에 대한 타당성을 확보하고자 학계, 실무, 컨설팅 전문가 12인을 대상으로 2차의 델파이 조사를 거쳐 평가 준거를 확정하였다. 최종적인 평가 준거는 요구분석, 기관장 리더 십, HRD 인력 전문성, 경영성과 등 15개 영역, 37개 항목, 45개 지표로 도출되었다. 본 연구는 공공기관의 양면적 성격을 반영한 공공기관 HRD 체계의 평가 준거를 제시했다는 데 의의가 있다. 본 연구는 다양한 공공기관의 사업 특성을 감안한 평가 준거 보완이 필요하다는 점을 제언하였다.

In the wire constituting the LIN, which is one of the vehicle communication devices, disconnection of the wire or contact resistance of the circuit occurs due to vibration and aging of the vehicle. This affects the entire communication network and may have a significant impact on the safe driving of the vehicle as information is not transmitted. In this study, a LIN BUS circuit simulator was built on its own like a real car and measured with an automotive oscilloscope instead of a common method of measuring and diagnosing a circuit with a multimeter in the event of a LIN BUS circuit failure. Referring to the experimental results, it will be possible to diagnose faults in circuits efficiently and quickly.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common forms of dementia, affecting more than 50 million people globally. The onset of AD is linked to age, smoking, obesity, hypercholesterolemia, physical inactivity, depression, gender, and genetics of an individual. The accumulation of Aβ peptides and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in the brain is one of the critical factors that lead to AD, which is known to disrupt neuronal signaling and causing neurodegeneration. As per the current understanding, inhibiting the accumulation of Aβ peptides and NFTs is crucial in the management/treatment of AD. Latest research studies show that nanoparticles have the potency of improving drug transport across the blood–brain barrier easily. Specifically, graphene quantum dots (GQDs), a type of semiconducting nanoparticles, have been established as effective inhibitors for blocking the aggregation of Aβ peptides. The small size of GQDs allows them to pass through the blood– brain barrier with ease. Moreover, GQDs have fluorescence properties, which can be used to detect the concentration of Aβ in vivo. In recent years, compared to other carbon materials, the low cytotoxicity and high biocompatibility of GQDs, give them an advantage in the suitability and clinical research for AD. In this manuscript, we have discussed the role of different types of nanoparticles in the transportation of encapsulated or co-assembled compound drugs for the treatment of AD and importantly, the role of GQDs in the diagnosis and management/treatment of AD.

We conducted diagnostic investigations to analyze the causes of abortions (46 cases, 65.7%), deaths (22 cases, 31.4%) and muscular lesions (2 cases, 2.9%) occurred after foot and mouth disease (FMD) vaccination in livestock farms in Korea. Bacterial culture, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were performed to detect the causative agents of abortion in bovine and caprine. The diagnostic results showed that 36 (51.4%) cases, referring as “Identified”, were occurred by influence of underlying disease including bovine viral diarrhea (12 cases, 17.1%), neosporosis (7 cases, 10.0%), septicemic colibacillosis (5 cases, 7.1%), Q fever (4 cases, 5.7%) and other abnormal conditions (8 cases, 11.4%) not by vaccination. Other 2 (3.0%) cases were suspected to be vaccine-associated adverse reaction on the basis of pathological findings (shock lung, oil-component-induced granuloma) and clinical symptoms (dyspnea with pulmonary edema). The other 32 (45.7%) cases were determined “Unknown” because any pathogens and pathological changes were not identified. However, many of the “Unknown” cases were presumptive to be the vaccine-related adverse reaction based on epidemiological investigation, especially, the cases which showed the clinical signs within 2 days after the vaccination. It is important to conduct pathological, microbilogical and epidemiological investigation to diagnose whether the cases are from vaccine-associated adverse reaction or not.

본 연구에서는 자기공명 탄성도 검사에 병렬 영상 기법(Philips사의 SENSE)을 적용하여 호흡 정지 시간을 단축시키고, 진단적으로 유용한 영상을 획득하는데 적용 가능한 SENSE 인자의 범위를 알아보고자 하였다. 팬텀 실험과 자원자 실험을 진행하였고, 각 실험은 SENSE 인자를 증가시켜가며 촬영하였다. 영상 평가는 경직도 95% 신뢰도 지도(stiffness 95% confidence map)에서 경직도 수치를 측정하고, 파동 영상은 영상의학과 전문의 1명과 방사선사 4명이 블라인드 테스트 하였다. 통계학적 분석은 비모수 통계인 크러스칼-왈리스 검정을 이용하였고, 사후 분석은 본페로니 교정을 이용하였다. 연구 결과 경직도 수치는 SENSE 인자 2부터 3.5까지 통계적으로 유의미한 차이를 보이지 않았고, 파동 영상의 평가 결과 2부터 3.5까지 4점 이상의 높은 점수를 유지하였으며, 사후 분석 결과에서도 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. 반면에, 호흡 정지 시간은 20.9초에서 12.1초로 약 8.8초 감소했다. 따라서 호흡 정지 시간이 짧은 환자 검사 시 SENSE 인자를 적절히 증가시켜 검사의 성공률을 높이고, 더불어 진단적 가치가 있는 영상을 획득할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.