Hydraulic turbines can convert tidal current energy into electric energy, and the addition of a deflector cover to the turbine can improve the efficiency of the turbine's energy harvesting. The angle of the inlet section and the angle of the outlet section of the deflector will further affect the final energy-acquisition efficiency.A threedimensional numerical model for turbine flow field analysis is established, and the RNG k-ε turbulence model is selected by CFD method, and the best angles of inlet section and outlet section are analysed by the method of sliding mesh to obtain the best angle of inlet section and outlet section separately, and then three groups of angles are selected near the best angle of inlet section and outlet section to make orthogonal comparisons. The energy acquisition efficiency of the turbine is calculated at different angles of the inlet and outlet sections of the deflector, and the turbine streamline distribution, velocity and pressure maps are analysed with and without the deflector.The study shows that the deflector can play the role of convergence of the downstream flow, which can improve the efficiency of the turbine energy acquisition, and the maximum energy acquisition efficiency is at the inlet angle of 29° and the outlet angle of 40 °, and the maximum energy acquisition efficiency can be improved by about 32 percent.

Air blower has been widely used in many industrial fields such as wind tunnel and large ventilation systems. Its performance is affected by operating conditions and system geometry of inpeller and duct, and these design parameter optimization is essential for the effective development. CFD analysis is carried out to investigate the air flow field characteristics with outlet total pressure in a blower system. Intake air into the impeller blade through the inlet is compressed, and then gradually discharged from the outlet with ascending total pressure, and predicted results are compared with test data. Especially this overall pressure difference in the blower system severely depends on the flow rate. These results are expected to be used as applicable design data for blower performance improvement.

Factory outlet stores represent an integral part of a dual distribution channel strategy, in which products are sold through two different channels: (1) factory outlets and (2) traditional store formats. However, there are potential risks, including cannibalization and brand dilution. Our research considers perceived quality of the item from each channel. Through two experimental studies, our findings suggest that without any pricing information, consumers spontaneously assign products from outlet channels to be of lower subjective quality than those from the traditional channel. However, when both products in each channel are discounted, then this reduction in quality perception is attenuated, following the belief in the price-quality relationship.

Ambient Air Vaporizer (AAV) is an essential facility in the process of generating natural gas that uses air in the atmosphere as a medium for heat exchange to vaporize liquid natural gas into gas-state gas. AAV is more economical and eco-friendly in that it uses less energy compared to the previously used Submerged vaporizer (SMV) and Open-rack vaporizer (ORV). However, AAV is not often applied to actual processes because it is heavily affected by external environments such as atmospheric temperature and humidity. With insufficient operational experience and facility operations that rely on the intuition of the operator, the actual operation of AAV is very inefficient. To address these challenges, this paper proposes an artificial intelligence-based model that can intelligent AAV operations based on operational big data. The proposed artificial intelligence model is used deep neural networks, and the superiority of the artificial intelligence model is verified through multiple regression analysis and comparison. In this paper, the proposed model simulates based on data collected from real-world processes and compared to existing data, showing a 48.8% decrease in power usage compared to previous data. The techniques proposed in this paper can be used to improve the energy efficiency of the current natural gas generation process, and can be applied to other processes in the future.

In Korea, odor emission control is carried out at the boundary between the discharge port and the site based on the height of the discharge port, but in Japan and the U.K. a range of characteristics are considered in odor management, including the height, size, and amount of exhaust gas, when managing the acceptance criteria of the discharge port that conforms to the odor concentration standards based on the site boundary. In this study, the permitted concentration of odor in the outlet was studied considering the design conditions of the outlet, in order to manage it based on the distance between the outlet and the residential area. To improve the effectiveness of odor management, Korean odor management measures were reviewed by applying the methods used to calculate odor concentration in Japan and the U.K. Guidelines on effective odor reduction were provided by calculating the permissible odor concentration for each condition based on the flow rate and height of the final outlet to comply with the permissible concentration at regular intervals at the outlet of the factory.

Bird screen meshes are installed at the air inlet and outlet ducts of spent fuel storage casks to inhibit the intrusion of debris from the external environment. The presence of these screens introduces an additional resistance to air flow through the ducts. In this study, a porous media model was developed to simplify the bird screen meshes. CFD analyses were used to derive and verify the flow resistance factors for the porous media model. Thermal analyses were carried out for concrete storage cask using the porous media model. Thermal tests were performed for concrete casks with bird screen meshes. The measured temperatures were compared with the analysis results for the porous model. The analysis results agreed well with the test results. The analysis temperatures were slightly higher than the test temperatures. Therefore, the reliability and conservatism of the analysis results for the porous model have been verified.

This study was performed to improve the foaming generated in the effluent of wastewater treatment plant from March 2015 to July 2016. The main cause of foaming was air entrainment by an impinging jet and the internal accumulation by the diffusion barrier. Particularly, the foam growth was most active when there is low tide and larger discharge. To solve this problem, we experimented after installing fine mesh screen and the artificial channel device with underwater discharging outlet in the treated wastewater discharge channel and the outlet, respectively. As a result, the effects of foam reduction by devices ranged 85.0~92.0% and 70.7~85.6%, respectively. In addition, the foam and the noise were easily solved, first of all look to contribute to the prevention of complaints. Our device studies were applied to a single wastewater treatment plant. However, it is considered to be able to apply in other similar cases of domestic sewage treatment plants.

This study was conducted to suggest the cause analysis and mitigation measures of foaming generated in the effluent of wastewater treatment plant. The foam generated in the outlet connected with the tidal river system was identified as structural problems. And the main cause of foaming was air entrainment by an impinging jet and the internal accumulation by the diffusion barrier. In consideration of these conditions, it present the effective ways such as micro-screen and submerged outlet, to mitigate the foaming generated in the water channel and outlet end.

This paper presents the approach of design parameters optimization based on Taguchi method for the uniformity of outlet pressure in a plasma discharge chamber. The key issue of a plasma discharge chamber is to have the uniformity of outlet pressure which can make a high performance of surface treatment. To extend the length of a outlet from 60mm to 250mm with the uniformity, This study optimally designed the middle holes, outlet width and height, and diameter of the second chamber by using SolidWorks and flow simulation tool. Simulation results demonstrate the validity of the proposed approach.

황색육아종성 담낭염은 만성 담낭염의 드문 형태로 파괴적인 병리학적 특성으로 인해 다른 담낭염보다 주위 인접 장 기로의 침범과 유착, 누공 형성 등의 합병증의 동반 비율이 높다. 황색육아종성 담낭염에서 합병증으로 십이지장 또는 대장과의 누공 형성 등이 보고되고 있으나 동시에 십이지장과 대장으로의 누공이 형성된 예는 아직 보고가 없는 상태이다. 저자들은 위배출구 폐색을 보인 환자에서 복부전산화 단층촬영과 상부위장관내시경 검사를 통하여 담낭-십이지장 누공, 담낭-대장 누공의 합병증을 동반한 황색육아종성 담낭염을 진단하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

This paper analyzed air temperatures at outlet according to condition of absorber plate of the solar air heater. Effects on air temperature at outlet of duct according to absorber plate temperature were analyzed by using numerical analysis technique. And also the effects on air temperatures at outlet were analysed by the height and position of absorber plate. As the results, air temperatures at outlet of duct was small influenced in velocity 5 m/s of inlet according to absorber plate temperature. And the highest outlet average temperature distribution appeared at the height of 2 cm and the bottom absorber plate of duct at the inlet aspect ratio 2.

자동취수 물꼬와 토사유출저감 물꼬의 현장 적용성을 평가하기 위하여 2012년부터 2013년까지 2년 동안 취수량, 배출수량, 수질농도변화 그리고 생육 및 생산성을 조사하여 얻은 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 관행 물꼬 관리 논과 자동취수 물꼬관리 논의 취수량은 각각 1,634 mm/yr와 922 mm/yr로 관측되었으며, 43.6%의 절약효과가 산정되어 용수량 절약에 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 2. 자동취수 물꼬를 설치한 논의 배출수량이 관행 물꼬 관리 논에 비하여 38.6% 감소하였다. 3. 토사유출저감 물꼬를 설치한 논에서 SS는 22.8 ~ 75.0%, COD는 9.7 ~ 45.5%, TN은 0 ~ 64.5%, TP는 0 ~ 42.5%의 농도 개선효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 4. 개선된 물꼬 관리 논과 관행 물꼬 관리 논의 벼 생육과 생산량은 큰 차이가 없는 것으로 조사되었다. 이러한 연구결과로 볼 때 자동취수 물꼬와 토사유출저감 물꼬를 이용한 논의 물꼬 관리 시스템 개선은 생산량을 유지하며 수자원 및 물 환경을 보전하기 위한 좋은 시설로 판단된다.

Modern consumers have significantly changed their shopping patterns, so that retailers must employ competitive and innovative strategies to counter the many new types of stores such as outlets offering premium services. In addition, customers have become smarter shoppers, refusing to pay more because of brand loyalty, especially when service and price differences have diminished. This study is an analysis of consumer shopping behavior in an effort to find effective marketing strategies to appeal to consumers who shop in outlet stores. Previous research has shown that shoppers may be clustered according to whether they are oriented toward convenience, brands, hedonism, economics, or trends. Different consumer types have different attitudes toward retailer types and also vary in their retailer loyalty. Some types have strong customer loyalty to outlet stores, but others do not. In this study, we examine the relationship between consumer attitude toward the outlet store and retailer loyalty according to consumer shopping types. Hedonism-oriented and economics-orientated consumers are expected to have more interest in outlet shopping than are brand-oriented consumers.

The purpose of this study is to deliberate on design application for a structure of beam with partially restrained composite connection to CFT column. It was intended to apply an economic and stable component by adjusting stiffness ratio of column connection through partially restrained composite connection. As a result of the review of stability of the structure, it was confirmed that in case of a low-rise building as a moment frame, it could be resisted without brace, as stiffness was increased when taking advantage of partial restrained composite connection by composite action.

이 연구에서는 실제선박의 후드룸을 1/15로 축소한 비대칭 입출구를 갖는 장방형 모델을 대상으로 가시화 실험을 수행하고 내부의 유동 특성을 고찰하고자 하였다. 속도장의 계측은 CACTUS'2000을 이용한 2차원 PIV기법으로 하였으며 4개의 계측영역을 설정하여 계측한 결과 유동장의 환기구조를 지배하는 흐름은 유동장의 좌측 벽면의 흡기구로부터 대각방향의 우측상부로 흐르는 나선형의 'L'형 유동이었다. 또한 주 흐름의 영향으로 유동장의 중앙부분에 강제와류형태의 재순환 흐름이 존재하였다.

The term thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) is used to describe patients with compressed subclavian arteries, veins, and brachial plexuses in the region of the thoracic outlet. The objective of this study was to evaluate a scalenus stretching exercise that aims to restore normal function to patients with TOS. This study consisted of 60 patients with symptoms of TOS, and divided the patients into 3 groups: one that received manual therapy, one that practiced self stretching, and a control group. Each group consisted of 20 patients. This study assessed the efficacy of scalenus stretching exercise by examining the resting pain, tenderness, spherical grip power, and pinch grip power of patients. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, Scheffe post hoc test, and independent t-test. The results showed that resting pain was statistically significant within the manual therapy and self stretching groups (p<.05), and that the resting pain of the manual therapy group was more statistically significant than that of the self stretching group (p<.05). Tenderness, spherical grip power, and pinch grip were statistically significant within the manual therapy and self stretching groups (p<.05), but there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (p>.05). Finally I could see that there were no statistical differences between manual therapy and self stretching to improve the symptoms of the patients with TOS. These results imply that self stretching by patients is as important as manual therapy by a physical therapist.