IMO에서는 선박으로부터 온실가스 감축을 위해 선박의 에너지효율 증진에 관한 논의를 진행하고 있다. 현재, 선박으로부터 발생되는 폐열을 이용한 ORC 발전 시스템을 적용함으로써 선박으로부터 높은 에너지 변환 효율을 기대할 수 있다. 이 기술은 물보다 더 낮은 온도 범위에서 증발하는 프레온 또는 탄화수소 계통의 유기 매체를 작동 유체로 사용한다. 이를 통해 상대적으로 낮은 저온에서 증기 (기체)를 생성 및 동력을 발생시킬 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 유기 랭킨 사이클인 ORC 발전 시스템에서 냉매와 폐열 사이 열·유동해석 (Analysis of Heat flow)을 3D 시뮬레이션 기법을 이용하여 구조물의 내·외부에 흐르는 유체가 온도 변화, 속도 변화, 압력 변화 및 질량 변화를 통해서 구조물에 어떤 영향을 미치는지를 분석하고자 하며, 동 연구는 이 기법을 이용하여 ORC 발전 시스템에서 냉매와 선박 주기 관의 배기가스로부터 일어나는 열교환기의 열전달을 해석하였다.

Recently, the importance of air filters used in air purifiers and ventilation systems is emphasized in Korea. As a result, air filter test reports are required by users to ensure the removal efficiency of particulate matter. However, the tests are conducted for the filter material alone, which lead to a possible discrepancy between the test report and actual efficiency when applied to actual devices. Therefore, in this study, the removal efficiency data of the filter test reports were compared with actual filter efficiency data after application to the ventilation systems for some ventilation systems in the market. For ventilation system A, the field test results using filter leakage test method were slightly lower than those in the test report but nearly the same. For ventilation system B, the field test result was much higher than reported in the test report. This was due to the broad range of particle sizes measured using the filter leakage test method. The field tests using the particle counter method showed that the removal efficiency of ventilation system A for 0.3 μm was under 50% which translates to less than half of those of the filter test reports. For ventilation system B, the removal efficiency was 15%~21%. much lower than reported in the filter test reports. The lower removal efficiencys are mainly assumed to be caused by leakage of the filter installation among other factors. Therefore, the field test methods for the particulate matter removal efficiency of ventilation systems should be established to verify actual efficiency and improve the efficiency in the future.

Severe wall thinning is found on the tube of a low-pressure evaporator(LPEVA) module that is used for a heat recovery steam generator(HRSG) of a district heating system. Since wall thinning can lead to sudden failure or accidents that lead to shutdown of the operation, it is very important to investigate the main mechanism of the wall thinning. In this study, corrosion analysis associated with a typical flow-accelerated corrosion(FAC) is performed using the corroded tube connected to an upper header of the LPEVA. To investigate factors triggering the FAC, the morphology, composition, and phase of the corroded product of the tube are examined using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy combined with energy dispersive spectroscopy, and x-ray diffraction. The results show that the thinnest part of the tube is in the region where gas directly contacts, revealing the typical orange peel type of morphology frequently found in the FAC. The discovery of oxide scales containing phosphate indicates that phosphate corrosion is the main mechanism that weakens the stability of the protective magnetite film and the FAC accelerates the corrosion by generating the orange peel type of morphology.

전기⋅전자산업이 급격하게 발전함에 따라 유가금속 및 희소금속의 수요가 급증하고 있다. 유가금속들은 주로 제련산업 공정에서 다량 방출되며, 회수기술 부족으로 중화, 치환, 흡착을 통해 폐기되어 큰 비용으로 경제적이지 못하다. 이에 분리막을 통한 유가금속회수 소재개발의 필요성이 강조되고 있다. 유가금속이 포함된 습식제련 공정 침출액(15% 황산 용액, 온도 60°C)은 다량의 다가이온과 1가이온을 포함하고 있기 때문에 이온별 분리가 가능해야 하며, 특히 구리와 같은 2가 유가금속 분리성능이 우수해야 한다. 또한, 지속적인 분리/농축을 위해 산에 대한 안정성이 중요하다. 따라서 본 연구를 통해 2가 금속 배제율 98%, 유량 33GFD 성능을 1개월 이상 유지하는 나노분리막 제조 연구 개발을 수행하고 있다.

An electric steam boiler equipped with a condensate recovery system, which stores the condensate generated after using steam in steam washers, steam cookers, steam irons, and steam cleaners in a condensate tank and supplies compressed air to the condensate tank so that the condensate is recovered to the boiler by the pressure of the compressed air, was studied. In the results of this study, the heat energy balance between the quantity of the heat generated by the non-metallic surface heating element and the quantity of the heat absorbed by the water was good in a range of ±5%. In addition, the heat transfer rate increased in proportion to the electric power of the surface heating element heater, the waste heat energy was normally recovered by the recovery of the condensate of the steam boiler equipped with the high compression waste heat recovery system, and the recovery rate of the waste heat exhibited 23%.

This study is nutrient heating effect to apply the surplus heat recovery in greenhouse using fan coil unit. Especially, this study was carried out to utilize a surplus heat in greenhouse. This fan coil unit system was composed of a water tank, a fan coil unit, a circulating pump and a water-water heat exchanger. As the result, Temperature difference duing to fan coil unit in greenhouse showed that air temperature at experimental greenhouse on fan , comparison greenhouse were 28.3℃, 33.9℃, respectively. heat ratio showed that exchanged energy quantity in fan coil unit was 19,900∼28,880kcal/h, respectively. It was found that difference of nutrient temperature due to surplus heat recovery, water tank temperature were 19.2∼21.5℃ and 16.2∼18.3℃, The temperature variation of nutrient temperature was about 3℃ and higher . Economic analysis of fan coil unit system was increased gross income cost by 804,787 won.

Energy saving and decreasing green gas are critical issue today, so various technologies to save energy and decrease carbon dioxide in plant process have been applied to many industrial area. In this paper, the feasibility of condenser heat recovery in power plant was reviewed by verifying 에너지 평형 and simulating power plant model. Some ways to compose proper system and their possibilities were also reviewed. The amount of heating recovery and changed heating capacity were verified by simulation. There is noticeable improvement of plant performance in simulated result. Future study and experiment will show more evident results.

This technology is to highly produce heat by microorganism during fermentation of mushroom sludge as a byproduct at farm field which would be established more competitive in mushroom growers and distinguished technology with ordinary mushroom growers. Furthermore this technology could be reduced energy as well as high efficiency in resource uses. There was highly reduction in energy consumption using by heat during fermentation of mushroom sludge which was produced by different media material with vegetable for mushroom cultivation. After 4 days the inner temperature during fermentation of mushroom media was a little changes of 61～50℃ and inner temperature of fermentation chamber was 55～45℃, inlet temperature of cooling water was 17℃, outlet temperature was 44～35℃, and ambient temperature was 28℃ at daytime and 14℃ at night time which was relatively constant. A heat exchange from fermentation chamber was 1090～648㎉/10min and the maximum heat exchange was 11550～1064㎉/10min which was caused to reduce fermentation heat with time The efficiency of heat exchange was distributed with 81～61% with time.

In recent models of semiconductor manufacturing clean rooms, air washers are used to remove airborne gaseous contaminants such as NH3, SOx and organic gases introduced from outdoor air into clean room. Meanwhile, there is a large quantity of exhaust air produced from clean room. It is desirable to recover heat from exhaust air and use it to reheat outdoor air. In the present study, an experiment was conducted to investigate heat recovery, particle collection, and gas removal in a heat recovery type air washer system for semiconductor manufacturing clean rooms.

본 연구에서는 온실의 온풍식 난방시스템 연통에 장착할 수 있는 폐열 회수기의 성능 개선을 목적으로 기 설계된 세 가지 열교환 장치와 기존의 장치에서 열교환 면적과 파이프의 두께 및 공기흐름 방향을 개량한 새 열교환 장치에 대해 열회수 성능을 실험적으로 비교 분석하였다. 그 결과 기존의 열 교환장치인 A형, B형 및 C형의 열회수 성능은 동일 송풍전입에서 각각 42.2%, 40.6% 및 54.4% 정도였으나 , 새로 개량된 D형은 69.2%로써 가장 현저히 높게 나타났다. 그러나 열회수용 공기의 흐름방향 변화에 따른 열회수 성능 개선효과 (A형 대비 B형)는 없는 것으로 나타나 적정 송풍기 용량이라면 직선형이 공기의 흐름방향 180˚C 굴절시키는 헤어핀형보다 효과적인 것으로 판단된다. 결국 열회수 성능은 열회수 시스템의 열교환 면적과 열교환 파이프의 두께 및 풍속에 크게 좌우되는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서, 열교환 파이프의 내구성 등 을 고려하여 기능한 한 범위 내에서 열 교환면적을 증대시키거나 열교환 파이프의 두께를 앓게 하고 풍속을 증대시키는 것이 열회수 성능 개선효과와 직결됨을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 송풍기 용량이 필요이상으로 큰 경우, 소비전력이 많게 되는 등의 문제가 있기 때문에 적정용량 및 제품의 안정성을 고려하여 선택해야 할 것으로 판단되었다.

Insulation materials used for building save energy and can be classified into inorganic and organic materials. Organic insulation emits toxic gases in a fire and has lower water resistance. Inorganic insulation is heavy and has poorer thermal performance than that of organic material. This study evaluated the physical properties and fire resistance of lightweight inorganic insulation foaming material made of waste glass powder. The test results showed that the inorganic material performed well with low density and low thermal conductivity for an insulation material. Foam insulation material manufactured from glass powder was sufficient as a fire-resistant product.

우리나라는 반도체, 철강, 자동차, 선박 등의 제조업을 토대로 경제규모를 성장시켜왔으며, 성장에 비례하여 에너지 수입 의존도 또한 증가했다. 현재 우리나라는 에너지의 95% 이상을 수입하여 사용하고 있는 에너지 다소비 국가로써 2013년 기준 제조업 원자재의 전체 수입량은 하루 평균 약 1조원에 이르는 것으로 집계되었다. 하지만 국내에서 발생되는 폐기물의 약 50% 이상이 에너지 회수에 이용될 수 있음에도 불구하고 단순히 소각 및 매립으로 처리가 되고 있어 에너지 다소비 국가의 현실과는 대조적인 폐기물처리가 이루어지고 있음을 알 수 있다. 이에 환경부는 ｢자원순환기본법(2018.01.01. 시행)｣을 마련하여 폐기물의 에너지화를 계획하고 있으며, 이와 관련해 소각으로부터 발생되는 열원, 온수, 증기 등의 에너지를 최대한 활용하여 그 효율에 따라 폐기물처분부담금을 감면해주는 방안을 구상하고 있다. 따라서 소각시설의 열에너지 회수효율 산정 및 산정을 위한 주요인자들의 과학적인 접근방법이 요구되었으며, 이에 본 연구에서는 열에너지 회수효율의 주요인자인 저위발열량 및 출열항목에 대하여 산정하고, 산정된 저위발열량 결과와 각 시설의 저위발열량 설계 값 및 발열량계측정값을 비교하여 타당성에 대하여 검토하고자 한다. 본 연구는 1차(2016.05.09.~2016.08.31.) 7개 시설(8호기), 2차(2016.09.05.~2016.10.30.) 4개 시설(9호기)로 진행하였으며, 대상 시설의 선정은 폐기물의 종류, 보일러의 설치형태, 소각로의 형태를 고려하여 선정하였다. 열에너지 회수효율의 산정을 위한 계측항목에 관련한 데이터를 일별로 수집하였으며, 계측 외 항목은 직접 측정하여 저위발열량 및 출열항목 등을 산정하였다. 대상 시설의 저위발열량 산정결과는 1차의 경우 2,776.6~3,881.4kcal/kg, 2차의 경우 1,921.5~5928.7kcal/kg으로 분포되는 것으로 나타났으며, 2차 대상시설 중 저위발열량 결과 값이 5928.7kcal/kg으로 산정된 시설의 경우 사업장폐기물 소각시설로 지정폐기물 투입비율이 100%인 것으로 나타났다. 연구결과, 지속적인 데이터 수집을 통해 출열항목을 산정하여 열에너지 회수효율을 극대화 시킬 방안을 마련해야 하며, 또한 과학적 근거를 수반한 저위발열량 산정방법을 마련해야 할 것으로 판단된다.

The paper industry requires continuous automation of processes ranging from injection of raw materials to initial paper processes and final processing. Thus, it is a capital- and equipment-intensive industry that requires large investments in facilities and consumes significant amounts of energy for production. Since the concept of a 'Waste Minimization and Sustainable Resource Circulation Society' is key waste management policy, the effective use of waste has been emphasized. To this end, there is significant research on energy conversion in waste incineration plants. Domestically, there is a desire to review and improve sustainable technology development systems in order to maximize thermal energy recovery in waste incineration plants. Therefore, this study compared the energy recovery rate calculation methods currently used in eight paper industry incineration plants. The lower heating value and energy recovery & use rate calculation methods were applied in accordance with the “waste resource energy recovery & use calculation method” located in Paragraph 2 of Article 3 in the Enforcement Decree of the “Wastes Control Act” of 2015. Calculations made using the current method (on the basis of output) showed an average energy recovery rate of 78.6% (75.5 ~ 82.8%), whereas the waste resource energy recovery & use rate calculation method (based on volume used) produced an energy recovery rate of 53.3% (42.5 ~ 74.8%).