The changing media landscape has diversified how and what is discussed about fashion. This study aims to examine expert discussions about fashion shows on social media from the perspective of fashion criticism. To achieve this goal objectively, a text mining program, Leximancer, was used. In total, 58 videos were collected from the panel discussion section of Showstudio from S/S 21 to S/S 24, and the results of text mining on 24,080 collected texts after refinement are detailed here. First, the researchers examined the frequency of keywords by season. This revealed that in 2021–2022, digital transformation, diversity, and fashion films are now commonly used to promote fashion collections, often replacing traditional catwalk shows. From 2023, sustainability and virtuality appeared more frequently, and fashion brands focused on storytelling to communicate seasonal concepts. In S/S 2024, the rise of luxury brand keywords and an increased focus on consumption has been evident. This suggests that it is influenced by social and cultural phenomena. Second, the overall keywords were analyzed and categorized into five concepts: formal descriptions and explanations of the collection’s outfits, sociocultural evaluations of fashion shows and designers, assessments of the commerciality and sustainability of the current fashion industry, interpretations of fashion presentations, and discussions of the role of fashion shows in the future. The significance of this study lies in its identification of the specificity of contemporary fashion criticism and its objective approach to critical research.

본 연구는 농촌 리얼리티쇼 팬들의 형성 요인을 분석한다. 관객이 리 얼리티쇼를 더 진정성 있게 판단할수록 더 많은 사람들이 좋아하며, 새 로운 미디어 시대에 관객 참여는 리얼리티쇼의 중요한 부분이다. 이 연 구는 인지된 진정성(perceived authenticity)과 관객 참여가 농촌 리얼 리티쇼 팬 형성에 미치는 영향을 분석하는 방법을 사용한다. 연구 결과에 따르면 농촌 리얼리티쇼 팬 형성 요소를 향상시키기 위해서는 출연자의 개성(cast members eccentricity)을 강화하고, 대표성(representativeness)을 낮추며, 출연자의 솔직함(candidness)을 높이고, 제작자의 조작(producer manipulation)을 줄이며, 관객 참여(audience involvement)를 증가시켜야 한다. 본 연구는 <농사짓자>라는 사례를 바탕으로 농촌 리얼리티쇼의 팬 형성을 촉진하는 관련 조치를 정리하여 한국과 중국에서 자체 개발한 오 리지널 리얼리티쇼 제작에 대한 참고 자료를 제공하며, 다른 유형의 리 얼리티쇼 팬 형성 요소에 대한 이론적 연구의 기초를 마련한다.

1998년 발표되어 전 세계적인 흥행과 더불어 많은 비평가들의 찬사를 받았 던 피터 위어(Peter Weir) 감독의 영화 <트루먼 쇼>(The Truman Show)는 미디 어가 일상이 되어버린 현대사회에서 실재와 가상세계의 대조를 통해 실재가 점 점 허구적인 세계를 닮아가고 있음을 매우 풍자적으로 그리고 있다. 영화는 광 고와 자본주의로 야기된 삶의 이중성을 풍자함으로써 자본주의의 전 지구적인 확산에 대한 냉소적인 견해를 직, 간접적으로 드러낸다. <트루먼 쇼>는 현대사 회의 구조 속에서 개인의 자유의지를 통해 미디어의 기만성으로부터 자신을 해 방시키는 과정을 자유의지를 통한 구원의 형식으로 보여주고 있다. <트루먼 쇼>는 등장인물의 이름, 트루먼(Truman)과 크리스토프(Christof)에서 유추할 수 있는 것처럼 일종의 종교적 알레고리를 통해 인간의 자유의지와 구원의 문제, 특히 전지전능해진 현대미디어를 극복해가는 개인의 여정을 보여준다. 미디어 에 종속되어 거기서 벗어나지 못하는 맹목적인 시청자들과 달리 시스템의 통제 와 억압적인 미디어 세계를 탈출하려 하는 트루먼의 각성과 행동은 크리스토프 로 상징되는 미디어의 신적인 권위를 거부하고 저항하며 극복하는 내적성찰과 그것을 통한 개인의 구원을 보여준다.

지난 2021년 2월 16일 만수대예술극장에서는 김정은과 리설주가 참석 한 가운데 <광명성절 기념공연>이 개최되었다. 김정은은 앞서 2월 11일 ‘설명절 경축 공연’에 참석한 후, 5일 만에 또 다른 공연을 관람했다. 음악정치로 대변될 만큼 북한 음악공연은 주요 행사의 성격을 극대화하기 위해 공연의 선곡, 내용, 구성, 형식 등에서 변화를 거듭한다. 본 연구는 지금까지 북한의 광명성절 공연의 의미와 특성을 다룬 연구가 이루어지지 않았다는 점에서부터 출발한다. 2021년은 제8차 당대회가 개최된 해로 새로운 5개년계획을 발표, 추진하는 시점이라는 것이다. 공연 주체 역시 기존에 광명성절 기념공연을 개최하던 왕재산예술단이나 평양시 예술단 소조가 아닌 현재 김정은 시대에 가장 주목받는 연주단인 공훈국가 합창단과 국무위원회연주단의 합동공연 형식의 대규모 공연이었다는 점에서도 이번 공연의 의미를 부여할 수 있다. 공연에서 김정은이 재청(앵콜)을 두 번이나 지시하는 모습 등은 기존 공연에서는 볼 수 없었던 형식이다. 이번 공연을 통해 북한 내부적으로 어떻게 음악정치가 활용되는지 알 수 있다. 또한 이번 공연에서 새롭게 선보인 국무위원회연주단의 활동과 의미에 관한 연구도 지속되어야 한다.

This study aimed to determine how the quality of a pavilion affects participating exhibitors at an overseas Trade Show and to suggest strategies for an organizer of pavilions to operate more effectively so as to increase exhibitors‟ positive outcomes. We constructed a research model and presented some hypotheses. To assess these hypotheses, questionnaires were distributed to exhibitors who had participated in a Korean pavilion at an international Trade Show. SPSS 26.0 software was used to analyze the data. First, the factors that determined the quality of a pavilion were analyzed to assess their effect on participant outcome. The only two factors that were found to influence the quality of a pavilion were the conditions of an exhibitor's booth and the support activities by the organizers. These had positive effects on participating exhibitors‟ outcomes and anticipated future behaviors. To increase the positive outcomes of exhibitors, various changes should be made to improve the conditions of exhibitors‟ booths. The pavilion organizer should also develop other ways to increase the positive outcomes of exhibitors such as local advertising and promotional activities, on-site support activities, invitations to buyers‟ luncheons, promotional catalogs for exhibitors, and activities to attract potential buyers.

佛典을 연구하는 사람들은 흔히 不立文字라고 하지만, 어찌 글자의 쓰임을 구분하지 않고 문장을 올바르게 이해할 수 있겠는가? 마음이라고 다 같은 마음은 아니다. ‘心ㆍ意ㆍ識’이 서로 다른 마음이고, 마음을 닦는다고 할 때 그 마음은 오직 하나의 마음이 아니고, ‘닦아야 할 대상이 되는 마음’, ‘닦고자 하는 주관의 마음’, ‘닦고자 목 표로 설정한 마음’, ‘닦아 나갈 때 마주하는 단계 단계의 마음’, ‘닦아서 종국에 이른 마음’ 등으로 분류할 수 있어서, 불전에서 자주 사용되는 ‘心ㆍ意ㆍ識’이나 ‘不覺ㆍ本 覺ㆍ始覺ㆍ相似覺ㆍ隨分覺ㆍ究竟覺’ 등의 용어를 분명히 나누어 알면, 佛典뿐만 아니 라 한자로 쓰인 문장을 이해하는 데 크게 도움이 된다. 이에 佛典에서 자주 쓰이는 ‘보다’類의 動詞로 ‘見ㆍ看ㆍ觀’과 ‘示ㆍ視’ 등에 관해 본고에서는 ‘示ㆍ視’를 ‘見ㆍ看ㆍ觀’과 비교하는 방법으로 살펴보아 아래의 결론을 얻었다. 첫째, ‘示ㆍ視’는 色境을 앞에 내놓고 보여주거나, 色境이 앞에 놓여있어서 그냥 시각적으로 받아들이는 것이지만, ‘見ㆍ看ㆍ觀’은 시각 행위의 주체가 시신경에 들어온 사물을 과거의 경험이나 혹은 사회적 배경 등 의도를 가지고 바라보는 것이 라 할 수 있다. 둘째, ‘示’는 ‘대상을 드러내 보이다’라는 의미이다. ‘視’는 보이는 대상이 먼저 주어진 다음에 보는 것으로, ‘見’이 보려는 의도를 가지고 본 후 그 결과를 지식으로 삼는 것인 반면, ‘視’는 色境이 놓여있어서 본다는 의미가 강하다고 할 수 있다.

Intermedia refers to the convergence of media. The advance of intermedia has not only facilitated the delivery of brand messages in contemporary fashion shows but also facilitated interactive communication. This study investigated the mediating roles played by various media in fashion and fashion shows, focusing on the phenomenon of intermedia in contemporary fashion shows. To investigate the impact of intermedia on contemporary fashion shows, we conducted a social network analysis—a promising approach for research into fashion trends. Analyzing 159 fashion-related articles published in the 2000s, we extracted intermedia-related words (n=253). The relationships between keywords made an analysis of between centrality, and cluster variables applied Clauset-Newman-Moore by using KrKwic and NodeXL programs. The results of the between centrality analysis indicated that the most important factors in contemporary fashion shows are “models” and “stages.” We found that the impacts of intermedia on contemporary fashion shows can be divided into four categories: “model performance,” “symbolic stage management,” “new media utilization,” and “convergence in arts.” Our analysis thus identified considerable synergy between the characteristics of intermedia and contemporary fashion shows. These results have found intermediarelated commonalities in intermedia and fashion show, and this might increase customer interest in fashion, a positive outcome for the fashion industry.

Bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine-disrupting chemical, has received tremendous attention in the past few decades because of its detrimental health effects. Growing evidence supports that BPA is capable to alter the reproductive performance of the exposed individual. In spermatozoa, it has been reported that BPA increased oxidative stress by the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), subsequently affects the sperm function, biochemical properties, and fertility. Since antioxidants minimize cellular oxidative stress, therefore may have protective effects against BPA-induced stress. In the present study, we incubated mice spermatozoa for 6 h in a condition that support in vitro fertilization. The sperm incubation media was additionally supplemented with either BPA or BPA together with antioxidants, such as glutathione, vitamin C, and vitamin E. Our results showed that antioxidant significantly decreased the production of ROS that subsequently supports motility and acrosomal integrity of BPA-exposed spermatozoa. Particularly, glutathione and vitamin E inhibit protein kinase-A dependent phosphorylation of sperm proteins subsequently prevented precocious acrosome reaction. In addition, both antioxidants were found to restore fertilization and early embryo development potentiality of BPA-exposed spermatozoa. Therefore, we conclude that antioxidants minimize oxidative stress in spermatozoa in a BPA containing micro-environment, thus avoiding BPA-mediated harmful consequences. The current finding has both theoretical and clinical significance for developing potential remedies of the BPA toxicity.

This study discusses the social meaning of LHL% (rising-falling tone in IP final) in Seoul Korean, and shows the two kinds of LHL% contours that depend on the phonetic details of the contours. The data consist of popular “pseudo-reality” TV show called ‘we got married,’ where the female characters switch styles between a rational interview style and emotional, conversational style. What clearly characterizes the two styles is the phonetic pattern of LHL%—pitch and duration as the speakers use more phonetically extreme contours in a conversational style. The non-expressive LHL%, with the mild phonetic contour, functions as a “smoother,” while the expressive LHL%, with the extreme contour, has various emotional functions. Thus, this paper argues that while the “smoother” function can be the basis of social meanings of LHL%, the phonetic details, which make the variable more salient, are more important in shaping the social meaning and speaker stances.

During the last decades, consumers have become increasingly concerned about social and environmental issues (Cone, 2009; Kleanthous, 2011) and “want the brands they use to reflect their concerns and aspirations for a better world” (Bendell and Kleanthous, 2007, p. 5). Ethical and environmental consumerism has become a mainstream phenomenon in contemporary consumer culture (Doane, 2001; Low and Davenport, 2007) and consumers either reward or punish companies that stress or ignore the importance of social and environmental excellence (Grail Research, 2010). From a firm perspective, investing in activities promoting sustainable development is increasingly recognized as an important source of competitive advantage (Porter and Kramer, 2006) and demonstrates a differentiator in most of the industries. According to a study conducted by the United Nations Global Compact and Accenture nearly 97% of the participating CEOs see sustainability as important to their company’s future success (UN and Accenture, 2016). The main reason and motivation to take action in sustainability issues is not the potential for revenue growth and cost reduction but rather the enhanced performance of the brand, trust and reputation (Lacy et al., 2010). Hence, financial rewards seem not to be the prioritized key driver for sustainability-oriented actions, since most companies are not able to explicitly quantify the benefits of their activity (UN and Accenture, 2016). But even though ethical and environmental issues have become an essential component for the evaluation and selection of brands and potential consumers may care about ethical issues, they are unlikely to compromise on traditional product attributes, such as value, quality, price, and performance (Chen and Chang, 2012). Accordingly, examining the influence of a brands sustainability orientation - as perceived by consumers - on brand related factors such as brand reputation and perceived brand value is of special importance for marketing research and practice. For that reason, the present paper examines the effect of brand sustainability on brand reputation and customer perceived value of a brand. Therefore, a measurement instrument was developed, that considers implicit and explicit pathways of human information processing and thus combines conscious and unconscious evaluations of a brands sustainability. Finally, the transfer from a positive customer evaluation to brand performance in terms of brand-related perception and brand-related behavior is examined.

This study compares and analyzes design status according to the visual, structural, and non-visible characteristics of the Korea One-pyeong Garden Expo, Gyeonggi Garden Culture Expo, and the Seoul Garden Show. The purpose of this study is to identify the design characteristics of the works exhibited at the garden expo and to present the initial study among the case studies conducted in the early stage of the domestic garden expo while providing relevant information to other local governments that will oversee future garden expos. Visual characteristics included plantations, materials, and colors, while structural characteristics included the plane, entrance, moving path, and edge. Non-visible features included the subject and cost. Collectively, garden works used more artificial materials than natural materials. Depending on whether the garden was to be maintained, it was necessary to choose species that were easy to maintain and that met the conditions of growth. Floor materials mainly included crushed stone, soil cement, bark, granite slate, and volcanic stone. Structurally, most gardens contained formal planes, closed entrances, and closed-type boundaries. The circular and regression lines were often transformed into straight or curved lines. Garden themes differed depending on the theme of each garden exposition, but there were also many universal themes (e.g., “resting through the garden”). Costs had not yet been set for the garden exposition’s budget.

Background: South Korea is one of fastest aging countries in the world. Poor balance and falls of the elderly are main health issues. Objects: The goal of this study was to understand the association between the socioeconomical factors and the standing balance of elderly living in the rural and urban area. Methods: One hundred sixty-six elderly participants who were older than 65 and were able to walk without an assistive device were recruited in the city of Gwangju and in the rural area of Jeonnam, South Korea. All participants performed the static and dynamic standing balance tests. Static standing balance was measured with chronometer in seconds while standing on one leg. Dynamic balance was tested with the timed up and go test (TUG), measured in seconds while getting up from a chair and walking 3 meters and back to sit. The static and dynamic standing balance was analyzed using analysis of variance and the Fisher’s Least Significant Difference post hoc test. Results: Male participants from both areas had no difference in one leg standing and TUG. The female elderly living in rural area took shorter in TUG than females living in urban area. Age decreased the one leg standing time in both areas while did not affect the TUG significantly. As the monthly income increased, both of one leg standing and TUG increased in urban area, while the medium monthly income showed best performance (it was not statistically significant) in both of one leg standing and TUG in rural area. Conclusion: Socioeconomical factors affects differently the standing balance of the elderly living in rural and urban South Korea. Female living alone in urban area with low monthly income demonstrated worst standing balance in this study.

Insecticidal toxicities of the isolated constituent of Eucalyptus dives oil and its analogues were bioassayed. 3-Carvomenthenone was isolated by chromatographic techniques and determined by EI-MS, 13C-NMR,1H-NMR, 1H-1H COSY, and HMQC. In the fumigant bioassay against P. interpunctella, cyclohexenone exhibited the strongest insecticidal toxicity (LD50 against larvae and adults, 2.45 and 3.63 μg/cm3), followed by methylcyclohexenone, seudenone, and 3-carvomenthenone. In the structure-activity relationships between 3-carvomenthenone analogues and insecticidal toxicity, the mode of the insecticidal action of 3-carvomenthenone, cyclohexenone, methylcyclohexenone, and seudenone was through the dermal organs of T. castaneum and P. interpunctella. This study indicates that 3-carvomenthenone, cyclohexenone, methylcyclohexenone, and seudenone have potential capacity for the development as safety natural agents to control the stored grain insects.

The aim of this paper is to examine relationship characteristics and the relevance there of in the context of the Chanel collection, between the contemporary fashion show viewed from the artistic side and intermedia on interaction. This study analyzed the relationship characteristics between intermedia and fashion shows by focusing on Chanel fashion shows from 2010 S/S to 2016 F/W as actual case. The results are as follow: First, participational accessibility indicates the experience of a designer and audience in active participation changing into passive participation. Second, audience immersion is represented by the perception of being involved by the audience in the place and acting. Third, conceptual symbolism is sending of messages through the designer’s abstract concept manifesting in the specific features of the design. Finally, expandability of media explains trans-boundaries in experimental attempts. It concludes that fashion show is a space where the audience can have visual as well as new knowledge and experience through multi-sensory channels. The Chanel collection which is considered a huge art project at the fashion show, showed a relationship between philosophy and the direction through season concepts and brands. The Chanel collection has brought a new experience through the convergence of communications and cultural media, such as music and art according to traditional brand image.

The luxury market keeps growing in the global world. Marketing scholars focus on Chinese luxury consumers, because Chinese consumers show different characteristics comparing to foreign consumers. Personal hedonic value cannot be ignored among factors which influence consumers’ purchase intention. After the survey on 128 consumers who have luxury purchasing experience, the study finds out that as the two of three sub-dimensions of hedonic value, self-gifting and self-pleasure can significantly influence luxury perceived value, but self-enrichment has nothing to do with it. Luxury perceived value can directly affect consumers’ purchase intention on luxury products. But this relationship can be negatively moderated by interpersonal effects. At the end, managerial implications and theoretical contributions are discussed.

Shin, Yu-Ri. 2015. “Nonverbal Discourse Strategies of Korean TV Talk Show Hosts: Focus on ‘Nodding’ and ‘Bending’”. The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea 23(1). 115~143. As our speech builds on verbal as well as nonverbal elements, we perform discourse strategies through both of them in interaction. This study takes a closer look at the nonverbal strategies performed during talk show discourse as seen on Korean television. By taking into account the sociocultural context on which both talk show hosts and guests mutually rely in their interaction, the paper examines how this shared pool of sociocultural resources affects the discourse strategies of the hosts. This holds particularly true for Korean TV talk shows, since the social relationships, from which the discourse participants draw, is defined and reflected in the shows' semi-institutional character. Throughout the show, the host makes use of nodding and bending on an interpersonal, semantic, and structural level. In this order, such discursive functional devices serve a distinct politeness strategies and can, therefore, be determined as discursive strategies.