The purpose of this study is to develop customized suit designs incorporating flower and bird painting patterns from Korean folk painting and to propose differentiation strategies for customized fashion design in Korea. The research was conducted in three stages. First, concepts and types of customization were examined through theoretical analysis, identifying the characteristics of customized design. Second, flower and bird painting patterns found in Korean folk painting were classified according to their symbolic meanings and developed into digital patterns. Third, flower and bird painting patterns from Korean folk painting were utilized in the suit designs following the principles of customized design. The results are as follows. Customizations were classified into three types: simple combination, selective adjustment, and creative assembly. The characteristics of customized design were identified as customer participation and product modularity. The symbolic meanings of the flower and bird motifs were categorized into six themes: happiness, wealth, longevity, fertility, love, and protection against evil. The resulting digitally developed patterns sought to integrate traditional cultural elements into customized fashion design. The final suit designs demonstrated hyper-individuation through modular assembly, enabling both customer participation design and product modularity. Detachable elements that modularize the jacket structure enhanced customizability while promoting sustainable and eco-conscious design practices.

This study aims to identify the diverse types and characteristics of signatures that appear in contemporary fashion while primarily brand focusing on emerging Korean designer brands. To this end, qualitative content analysis using news articles and in-depth interviews with 15 emerging Korean designers were conducted. The news article analysis revealed six types of signatures: design based on formative sensibility expression, strategically constructed designer/brand identity, brand practices carried by cultural and spatial experiences, craftsmanship and custom production, contemporary reinterpretation of traditional designs, and text-based visual symbolic systems. The result of the in-depth interviews identified five types of signatures among emerging Korean designer brands: design expressions evolving from designer and brand identity, production emphasizing practicality and craftmanship, brand experiences based on spaces, visual narrative symbolism, and limited-edition items. Unlike established fashion brands that focus on fixed visual or textual elements through strategic planning by the established fashion brands, emerging Korean designer brands gradually and dynamically develop signatures which are grounded in personal philosophy, ethical values, and ongoing interaction with consumers. The findings of this study imply that the signatures of emerging Korean designer brands are not merely aesthetic repetitions, but are instead representations of evolving and situated expressions that interacts with and responds to socio-cultural changes and contexts.

This study analyzed and presented zooplankton species occurrence, diversity distribution, and community composition in ninety lakes across South Korea using samples collected through the “Survey of Lake Aquatic Ecosystem Status and Health Assessment.” When comparing our results with the National Species Checklist, we identified factors within each of the three taxa that warrant improvement due to their influence on diversity assessments. To bridge the gap between the ongoing lake ecosystem surveys and the continually updated National Species Checklist-and to enhance the accuracy of diversity evaluations-we conclude that (1) greater taxonomic rigor must be reflected in the national checklist, and (2) the limitations of morphology-based identification (α-taxonomy) must be addressed. Because the National Species Checklist does not distinguish among species, subspecies, and morphospecies, it can give rise to taxonomic oversplitting and taxonomic inflation, leading to ambiguous diversity-index results. Moreover, the low resolution of morphological identification for zooplankton (at the genus, family, or class level) can introduce errors when comparing communities across habitats or detecting non-native introductions. Although alternatives such as environmental DNA and functional diversity exist, they require further refinement before being adopted in policy; therefore, they should be implemented alongside and in comparison with current aquatic ecosystem health assessment methods.

Spirodela polyrhiza (L.) has been known as greater duckweed or great duckmeat. It is native inhabited in Korea. It is considered as a rich source of primary metabolites including protein, carbohydrates, and fats. Thus, it is considered as an alternative food source for the future. In addition, it has a strong phytoremediation capacity to remove various environmental pollutants, especially inorganic elements and pesticides. With a variety of duckweed’s application, there is an urgent need to develop a cultivation method for a sustainable supply of S. polyrhiza. In this study, an indoor vertical farm has been introduced to optimize duckweed cultivation. Indoor cultivated S. polyrhiza showed about 2-fold higher fresh weight than outdoor cultivated duckweed. Contents of inorganic elements were also significantly reduced in indoor cultivated S. polyrhiza. Especially, lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and arsenic (As) were approximately 10-fold decreased in indoor cultivated duckweed. On the other hand, contents of proteins and fats were significantly increased in indoor cultivated S. polyrhiza, while carbohydrates were found more in outdoor cultivated S. polyrhiza. Increasing N content in a homemade nutrition solution also enhanced fresh and dried weights of S. polyrhiza by about 1.8-fold in comparison with other commercial nutrition solutions. Proliferation rate (%) was doubled every 24 hours in this indoor vertical farm, indicating the accomplishment of a sustainable supply for S. polyrhiza. Further studies need to be undertaken to cultivate other duckweeds such as Wolffia arrhiza and Lemna minor using the same indoor farming system.

본 연구에서는 국내 미기록종인 Euandrolaelaps yamauchii (Ishikawa, 1982)를 채집하여 해당종의 새로운 분포지로서 기록하였다. 또한, Euandrolaelaps yamauchii (Ishikawa)의 완모식표본과 한국산 표본을 함께 비교검경하여 개정된 분류학적 진단정보를 제시하였으며, 검경에 사용 한 현미경사진 및 도판과 국내에 보고된 Euandrolaelaps속에 대한 분류키도 함께 제공하였다.

This integrative review examined 38 published articles on the topic of formative assessment conducted in South Korean EFL settings, from 2014 to 2023. Despite strong interests in using quality formative assessments that are aimed at improving English learners’ performance, no prior systematic analyses have been performed to date. To that end, this study draws on Wiliam and Thompson’s (2008) conception of the formative assessment five-strategy model, and Yan and Pastore’s (2022) Teacher Formative Assessment Practice Scale (TFAPS), as a guiding framework to examine the extent to which formative assessment research conducted in South Korean EFL classroom settings has enacted the five key strategies and thereby promoted learning and improved teaching. For all five key strategies, more studies showcased weak evidence of implementing each strategy, and that positive student learning was more likely to be seen in studies that fully, or nearly fully, implemented the key strategies. Recommendations for enhancing formative assessment teaching and research practice are provided at the end.

Oral language comprehension (OLC) and vocabulary depth are widely recognized as key predictors of reading comprehension. However, research has either provided a limited representation of OLC or failed to acknowledge the distinctive predictive nature of vocabulary depth. This study investigates the combined contributions of OLC, conceptualized as a unified composite of foundational language variables and compares its effects on reading comprehension to vocabulary depth, while accounting for writing abilities. A total of 169 advanced Korean university EFL students were tested on listening comprehension, grammar knowledge, vocabulary breadth, vocabulary depth, and reading comprehension in English. SEM analyses revealed that both OLC and vocabulary depth made unique contributions to reading comprehension, with OLC demonstrating relatively stronger predictive power. Writing abilities did not show significant effects when OLC and vocabulary depth were considered in the same model. These findings underscore the independent predictive roles of OLC and vocabulary depth in L2 reading comprehension and highlight the importance of integrating these constructs into EFL pedagogical practices.

This study investigated the flowering response of three Korean native Aster species, namely A. hayatae, A. spathulifolius, and A. koraiensis, to varying photoperiods. Three-month-old plants propagated from cuttings were grown under four different photoperiods: 9, 12, 14, and 16 h. Aster hayatae flowered under all conditions, with flowering rates of 92%, 85%, 65%, and 27% under 9-, 12-, 14-, and 16-h photoperiods, respectively. Flowering in A. hayatae was promoted by shorter photoperiods, classifying it as a facultative short-day plant. Aster spathulifolius flowered only under 9- and 12-h photoperiods, with no significant difference between these treatments, suggesting that the species is an obligate short-day plant. However, given the low A. spathulifolius flowering rates of 27% and 13% under 9- and 12-h photoperiods, respectively, further research is required. Aster koraiensis did not flower under any photoperiod, possibly due to vernalization requirements or juvenility. These findings offer valuable insights into the photoperiodic flowering responses of these three Korean native Aster species, enhancing our understanding of their ecological traits and potential horticultural applications.

본 연구는 우리나라에 자생하는 목본 관상용 식물인 먼나무 (Ilex rotunda)와 으름덩굴(Akebia quinata)을 대상으로 삽목 효율을 분석하였다. 삽수는 녹지와 숙지로 구분하고 생장조절 제 indole-3-butyric acid (IBA)와 시판용 발근촉진제 루톤 (Rootone)을 처리하여 대조군과 비교하였다. 그 결과, 발근율 (녹지, 숙지)은 먼나무(50.9, 19.0%) 및 으름덩굴(52.8, 28.5%) 로 두 수종 모두 숙지보다는 녹지가 손쉽게 발근되었다. 생장조절 제의 발근 촉진 효과는 녹지보다는 숙지에서 두드러졌으며, 생장 조절제 효과는 두 수종에서 상이하게 나타났으며, IBA와 루톤에 대한 두 수종의 발근 반응이 다르게 나타냈다. IBA 1,000ppm 처리는 먼나무의 발근을 촉진시켰고(65.9%) 으름덩굴에서는 고 사에 따른 발근율 저하를 야기하였으며(5.0%), 오히려 으름덩굴 은 루톤 처리로 발근이 촉진되었다(83.3%).

Three strains (KCOM 2191, KCOM 2668, and KCOM 2812) of Capnocytophaga sp. isolated from a Korean population were initially classified by 16S rDNA sequence comparison. This study aimed to resolve their species-level identity using whole genome sequencing and to assess their taxonomic characteristics. Genomes of the three strains were sequenced using PacBio RS II and Illumina platforms. Average nucleotide identity (ANI) analysis was employed for species-level identification. Cellular fatty acid (CFA) compositions were determined using the MIDI/Hewlett Packard Microbial Identification System. ANI values for KCOM 2191, KCOM 2668, and KCOM 2812 were 96.43%, 96.33%, and 96.33%, respectively, compared with the type strain Capnocytophaga ochracea DSM 7271T. CFA profiling showed a predominance of iso-C15:0 (57.9%, 67.2%, and 64.9%, respectively), consistent with DSM 7271T (51.5%). These findings confirm that KCOM 2191, KCOM 2668, and KCOM 2812 are strains of C. ochracea . These strains may serve as valuable models for investigating the role of C. ochracea in oral and systemic pathogenesis.

본 연구는 플랫폼 시대에 K-Culture가 한국의 소프트파워를 어떻게 형성하고 확장해 왔는지를 문화사회 학적 관점에서 분석하였다. 나이(Nye)의 소프트파워 이론과 부르디외(Bourdieu)의 문화장 이론을 토대로, K-Pop, 드라마, 디지털 콘텐츠, 팬덤, 국가 정책 간 상호작용을 고찰하였다. 팬덤의 사회운동화, 감정 서사 를 중심으로 한 콘텐츠, 플랫폼 알고리즘과 수용자의 문화 번역 사례를 통해 K-Culture가 감정, 기술, 정체 성 정치가 교차하는 복합적인 문화 실천임을 규명하였다. 아울러 플랫폼 종속, 콘텐츠 획일화, 팬덤 의존, 문화 다양성 부족 등 소프트파워의 구조적 한계를 진단하고, 윤리적 공감과 문화적 포용성에 기반한 지속 가능한 전략을 제안하였다.

This study explored the dual linguistic challenges experienced by Chinese international students enrolled in English-Medium Instruction (EMI) programs at South Korean universities. Drawing on semi-structured interviews with 20 undergraduate students from two leading private universities in Seoul, this study investigated how students navigate the linguistic demands of studying in English while simultaneously adjusting to Korean as the dominant campus language. The findings revealed that students encounter significant obstacles, including professors’ limited English proficiency, inconsistent classroom language policies, and marginalization in group work and class discussions. Despite these difficulties, many students gradually adapted through self-directed strategies and peer support, ultimately gaining academic and linguistic benefits. Some participants reported enhanced preparedness for further studies in English-speaking countries and developed bilingual competencies. The study highlights the complex realities of EMI implementation for non-Anglophone international students and calls for more transparent language policies, targeted support programs, and inclusive pedagogical practices to promote equitable learning environments.

본 연구는 국내 대학에 재학 중인 외국인 유학생의 문화 경험을 바탕 으로, 한국 문화 교육에서 우선적으로 다루어져야 할 교육 항목을 탐색 하는 데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 학문 목적 유학생 5명을 대상으로 포커 스 그룹 인터뷰를 실시하고, 반복적 비교분석법을 통해 이들의 문화 경 험과 인식을 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 유학생들은 ‘빨리빨리 문화’, ‘대중 교통 문화’, ‘예절 문화(인사 예절, 식사 예절, 높임말 사용)’를 중요한 문 화 교육 항목으로 인식하고 있었으며, 이러한 내용이 초기 한국 생활 적 응과 학업 수행에 실질적으로 영향을 미친다고 진술하였다. 특히 이들은 문화 항목이 단순히 흥미나 충격을 기준으로 판단되는 것이 아니라, 실 제 생활에 적용 가능하고 오해나 실수를 방지하는 데 도움이 되는지를 기준으로 교육의 우선순위를 판단하고 있었다. 본 연구는 외국인 유학생 의 실제 경험을 기반으로 문화 교육의 방향을 모색하였다는 점에서 교육 현장에 실천적 시사점을 제공하며, 향후 학문 목적 한국어 교육과 문화 교육의 통합적 설계를 위한 기초 자료로 활용될 수 있다는 데 의의가 있 다.

본 연구는 한국 대학에 유학 중인 무용전공 중국유학생의 유학동기가 대학생활적응에 미치는 영향을 파악하고 사회적 지지의 매개효과를 검증 하는 것이 목적이다. 이를 위해 무용전공 중국유학생 208명을 연구대상 자로 선정하였다. 자료분석은 IBM SPSS 26.0 프로그램을 활용하여 매 개회귀분석을 실시하였고 Sobel-test를 진행하였다. 본 연구의 주요결과 는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 유학동기는 대학생활적응에 정적 상관이 있었고, 사회적 지지에서 교수의 지지와 또래의 지지는 대학생활적응에 정적 상 관관계가 있었다. 그러나 부모의 지지는 대학생활적응에 통계적으로 유 의하지 않았다. 둘째, 유학동기가 대학생활적응에 미치는 영향에서 사회 적 지지의 하위요인 중 교수의 지지와 또래의 지지는 부분매개효과를 보 였다. 그러나 부모의 지지는 매개효과가 나타나지 않았다. 이와 같은 결 과는 무용전공 중국유학생을 대상으로 유학동기와 대학생활적응의 관계 를 검토하고 사회적 지지의 하위요인별 차별적 효과를 규명하였다는 점 에서 연구의 시사점을 둔다.

이 글은 무속을 여성의 종교로 인식하는 무속 여성 종교론에 대해 검토한 다. 그런 의도하에 무속 여성 종교론이 전제하는 무속과 여성에 대한 관점과 인식을 파악하고, 실제 무속 현실을 얼마나 반영하는가의 여부를 중심으로 그 것의 문제를 밝힌다. 이 글은 개항기와 일제 강점기의 미신론과 당시에 이뤄진 초기 무속 연구를 중심으로 무속 여성 종교론을 검토한다. 이는 개항기와 일제 강점기에 형성된 무속 여성 종교론이 이후에도 대체로 큰 변화 없이 유지되기 때문이다. 무속 여성 종교론을 검토하는 이유는, 그것이 한국인의 삶에서 무속의 역 할과 위상에 대한 정당한 이해와 평가를 가로막는 장애 요인의 하나로 작용 할 수 있기 때문이다. 무속 여성 종교론은 무속을 여성의 종교로 규정함으로 써, 무속을 여성과 동일시하고 여성의 영역에 한정시킨다. 그 결과 무속을 삶 의 한 영역에 제한하는 특수화, 주변화를 초래한다. 그럼으로써 한국인의 삶 에서 차지하는 무속의 전체적인 위상과 포괄적 역할을 인식하지 못한다. 또한 그것은 무속과 여성에 대한 부정적 시각 일변도의 개념이다. 따라서 그것은 무속과 여성의 전제적인 모습을 포괄하지 못하는, 일면적 시각에 지나지 않는다. 더욱이 무속 여성 종교론은 일제의 조선 식민 지배를 정당화하는 의미를 함축하는 문제를 내포하고 있다. 이런 점에서 무속 여성 종교론은 널리 일반화되어 있음에도 불구하고, 당 연시될 수 없다. 오히려 무속의 여성 종교론은 무속 연구에서 극복되어야 할 대상 가운데 하나라고 말할 수 있다.

Chinese character writing is one of learning difficulties for Korean learners of Chinese as a second language. There are not many studies on the stroke writing of Chinese characters by Korean learners of Chinese as a second language. Based on the elementary handwritten Chinese characters in the “Chinese Proficiency Grading Standards for International Chinese Language Education”, this paper conducts a stroke analysis, and combines the whole-process interlanguage character database and the interlanguage text corpus of international students to conduct an investigation, and explores the problems existing in the Chinese character strokes of Korean learners of Chinese as a second language. The research results show that elementary handwritten Chinese characters with 7 strokes or less account for 60% among elementary handwritten Chinese characters, and these Chinese characters are easy for learners to acquire. The error rate of Chinese characters with 1-7 strokes is 2.8%, while the error rate of Chinese characters with 8-14 strokes is 6.4%. The error rate of Chinese characters with 8-14 strokes is significantly higher than that of Chinese characters with 1-7 strokes. This paper analyzes the causes of the writing problems and puts forward suggestions for teaching character strokes, hoping to provide effective help for teachers, thus helping to improve the Chinese character writing level of Korean learners of Chinese as a second language.

This study investigated how the identity category of “Korean” is constructed, represented, and ideologically reproduced in digital discourse. Focusing on user comments on the YouTube channel LEOTV, run by a Finnish creator residing in South Korea, the research drew on the concept of imagined communities and a post-essentialist view of identity to analyze how everyday discourse defines symbolic boundaries of inclusion and exclusion. It critically examined how such discursive constructions differ from traditional, essentialist definitions based on ethnicity and bloodline. The findings indicate that “Korean” identity is not a fixed attribute but a fluid construct shaped through linguistic and social practice. By identifying the discursive elements that index “Koreanness,” the study reveals how identity is negotiated rather than inherited. Furthermore, it uncovers the ideological power of discourse in maintaining in-group/out-group boundaries, showing that identity recognition is often governed by implicit norms and expectations that reproduce exclusion under the guise of cultural familiarity. This study highlights how identity in contemporary Korea is continually reshaped through everyday language and symbolic acts in digital spaces.

2021년 제정된 国际中文教育中文水平等级标准(이하 等级标准)은 등급별·기능 중 심의 문법 교육 체계를 제시하고 있으나, 한국인 학습자의 실제 오류 양상과 문법 항목 기술 방식 간에는 상당한 불일치가 존재한다. 본 연구는 한국인 중국어 학습자 의 오류 분석을 바탕으로 等级标准(初等)의 문법 항목에 대해 비판적으로 고찰하 고, 교육적 적용 가능성을 재검토하는 것을 목적으로 한다. ‘비판적 적용(critical appl ication)’ 접근법을 채택하여 2000년 이후 국내 문법 오류 관련 선행연구 50편을 분석 하고, 鄧守信(2009)의 ‘기능–구조–용법’ 삼차원 분석 틀을 적용하였다. 오류 빈도가 높은 把자문, 부사류(都, 就, 还), 개사류(在, 向, 对 등)를 중심으로 분석한 결과, 等 级标准(初等)의 문법 항목 기술 방식과 한국인 학습자의 실제 언어 사용 양상 간에 는 구조적·용법적 측면에서 현저한 차이가 확인되었다. 형식 중심의 간략한 예문 제 시는 학습자의 실제 언어적 문제를 충분히 반영하지 못하는 한계를 보였다. 본 연구 는 한국인 학습자의 오류 양상을 반영한 비판적 적용 사례를 제시하고 구체적 보완 방향을 모색하였다. 향후 한국인을 위한 표준 중국어교육 요목 설계 및 교육과정 설 계, 평가 등 실질적으로 중국어교육에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

This study aims to construct a corpus of 17th-century Korean personal letters, classifying them into royal and aristocratic (yangban) correspondences, and to compare their linguistic features through quantitative analysis. Based on a total of 285 letters—including ｢현풍곽씨언간｣, ｢숙명신한첩｣, ｢숙휘신한첩｣—the 17th Century Eongan Corpus was developed with detailed morphological analysis and lemmatization. The findings reveal that yangban letters tend to utilize practical and colloquial expressions, whereas royal letters demonstrate a more written style with enhanced forms of greeting and ritual politeness. Distinct differences were observed in pronoun usage, speech levels, sentence endings, and adjectives. Furthermore, phonological changes and dialectal vocabulary appeared more frequently in yangban letters, whereas royal letters maintained linguistic conservatism. This study contributes a new methodological approach to the field of historical Korean linguistics by providing a structured corpus and employing corpus-based analysis to elucidate stratified stylistic features.