This study aims at giving effective suggestions for future Earth Science Education by making a theoretical teaching-learning model for inquiry science. The main subject of this study is to establish the learning system, educational goal and guide theory of Earth Science Education. Through above mentioned, following suggestions are presented: (1) The experiments and observations should be more emphasized than lectures in Earth Science Education. (2) It is necessary to retrain Earth Science teachers in order to improve their ability to guide the student's experiments. (3) Well designed laboratory equipments and kids of good quality and resonable price should be supplied. (4) Every teacher should work on positive line, extending the range of information through participating in the Korean Earth Science Education society, Earth Science meetings and various science education seminars.
NGC 7023 have been observed in ^(12)CO and ^(13)CO (J=1→ 0) molecular line emissions. It possesses bipolar molecular outflows which are moving out both eastward and westward in Right Ascension with a velocity range of ±9 ㎞s^(-1) with an inclination of ∼80° The mass loss rate is ∼10^(-5)M◎_(yr)^(-1) with an assumed stellar wind velocity of ∼100㎞s^(-1); the dynamical age of this outflow is ∼5.5×10⁴ years. The bipolar molecular outflows would be collimated by the molecular disk surrounding HD 200775, which is explained by either the velocity gradient of ∼0.25 ㎞s^(-1) are min^(-1) in the position-velocity map of ^(12)CO along the Declination or the peak temperature maps of both ^(12)CO and ^(12)CO. The outflows also yield high density regions at their ends, producing the region of the low mass star formation.
Three swamps, Daepyeong, Jilnal and Yujeon, distributed in Beobsu-myeon and Gunbug-myeon, Haman-gun, Gyeongsangnam-do, are investigated geomorphologically and geologically. The topography of the swamp area is low in general, though the northern side of Nam River has somewhat high mean altitude than the southern side of the river, consisting of lowly land, which is plane or peneplane. The swamps are only found in the southern side of the river, The swamp area is composed of greenish gray siltstone and fine sandstone of the Cretaceous Haman Formation, General strike of the rocks is N80°E, and dips 10°S. Crests of ridges of north-south trending hills are occupied with dyke rocks. The swamps are interpreted to be formed by migrated meadering course of Nam River, The meandering river migrated towards north leaving swamps. Gradually rising underground water-table was also the cause of swamp making. According to the size analysis of the swamp sediments, the mean size is 7φ sorting 2φ, and skewness +0.7φ∼-0.3φ Largest kurtosis is 1.20φ at the Yujeon swamp. The coarse swamp sediments is composed mostly of rock fragments of the Haman Formation, and fine-grained sediments consist of 50% quartz, 25% feldspar, 7% muscovite, 17% rock fragments and 1% biotite. Organic matter contents of the bottom sediments range from 2.53% to 9.82%, averaging 5.56% except two samples which have abnormally high contents of organic matter.
The fractional composition of sediment phosphorus was investigated in Lake Soyang. The fractionation was made in four major forms; loosely bound phosphorus on the surface of detrital particles, (Fe+Al) complexed phosphorus, organically bound phosphorus, and apatite phosphorus. The major forms of sediment phosphorus in Lake Soyang are organically bound (60.9%) and (Fe+Al) complexed (33.0%) phosphorus. The sediments are in high content of total organic carbon (1.40%) and in low C/N ratio (5.62). This presents the organic matters deposited in the surficial sediments in Lake Soyang are not mineralized well, so these organic rich sediments have a high pollution potential on the overlying water body.
The conodonts from the Carboniferous Limestone (Kohlenkalk) of the Velbert Anticline in the Rhenish Slate Mountains (W. Germany) and from the nodular limestone of the Genicera Formation in the Cantabrian Mountains (NW. Spain) are analyzed to study their biofacies. Among conodonts from the Carboniferous Limestone are Gnathodus and Paragnathodus very abundant. Together with these conodonts, Mestognathus, Cavxsgnathus and Eotaphrus, which occur commonly in shallow-water, high-energy environment, are produced from the biosparitic limestone of the Kohlenkalk. From the nodular limestone of the Genicera Formation are yielded Gnathodus and Paragnathodus, which are known to indicate a deep-water, low-energy environment. It could be interpreted that the Carboniferous Limestone of the Velbert Anticline has deposited in a relatively shallow, high-energy environment, whereas the nodular limestone of the Genicera Formation has developed in a low-energy, pelagic environment.