One of fundamental bases for the desirable Science Education is effective evaluation, and the objectives of the Science Education can be used for the reasonable basis of this evaluation. In this paper, to study the current state of the high school Earth Science Education, comparison was made between the objectives of Education proposed by textbook and those to be measured by Scholastic Achievement test, and the result was analyzed. 1. The objectives of both the textbook and Scolastic Achievement test are highly oriented to obtain theory and comprehension. 2. The objectives which measure the Process of Scientific Inquiry are to some extent satisfied by the textbook but not by the Scholastic Achievement test. Consequently the future evaluation process should be modified in order to evaluate properly the ability for the process of Scientific Inquiry of the students properly.
The secular and seasonal variations of visibility of 24 cities in Korea are studied statistically from 1973 to 1986. The geographical distributions of annual change patterns of visibility are also studied by means of their characteristical variations. The secular variations of visibility show that annual totals of poor visibility($lt;10㎞) days increase significantly, while that of good visibility ($gt;30㎞) days decrease remarkably. Such tendencies are quite reversal to those appearing in several large cities in the U.S.A., England and Japan. Seasonal variations of visibility can be classified into three types : type A) The visibility is maximum in winter and minimum in summer, type B) The visibility is maximum in spring and fall, minimum in summer and winter, type C) The visibility is maximum in spring and fall, minimum is summer. Geographical distributions of annual mean visibility show that the poorest visibility appears in the Kyunggi inland region(mean 15㎞), while the best visibility occurs in mountainous north Kangwon-do and Cheju island(over 25㎞).
The interaction of an isotropic stellar wind with a stratified environment leads to collimate the stellar wind outflow, forming a narrow jet especially in non-adiabatic cases. A jet opening angle, i.e, a jet collimation increases with a jet cooling, in which a free-free radio continuum is dominantly contributed. After a qualitative comparison of the theoretically derived jet boundaries with the optically observed ones have been carried out in order to know the physical parameters of the observed ones as well as to study the jet dynamical interaction with the surrounding medium. Instead of the morphological jet boundary fitting, the free-free radio continuum shapes have been suggested and recalculated.
Ilmenite-rich titanium orebody was newly discovered from anorthositic mass distributed in the Handong-gun, Kyungsangnam-do. The orebody ranges from 2m to 30m in width and runs at least 14Km. The anorthositic mass may be zoned whose boundaries run parallel to almost north-south direction on the basis of abundance of mafic minerals and diagnostic texture observed. The titanium orebody is nearly conformable to the lithological zonation boundaries, striking N30°E-N20°W and dipping vertical to 50°-70°NW or SW. Gravity, resistivity and seismic exploration have been performed over the area. Gravity anomaly near the orebody varies from 115mgal to 122mgal, showing higher value than those of the surroundings of anorthositic rocks. Resistivity sounding indicates the value significantly lower than that of the surroundings. However, not special indication has been obtained from the seismic method for the orebody. All the geophy sical data obtained thus far correspond well with those observed on the surface and support the possibility that the orebody continues downward at least 150m below the research position.
Main aspects of this study are to clarify igneous activity of igneous rocks, which is a member of various intrusives and volcanics exposed in the SE-zone of Ogcheon Geosynclinal belt, one of basement of Korean peninsula. Igneous rocks of study area along marginal area between SE-zone and C-zone of Ogcheon Geosynclinal belt consist of Pre-Cambrian orthogneiss, Triassic foliated granites and Namweon granites, Jurassic diorite-gabbro and granites, and Cretaceous granites and volcanics. Foliated granites in so-called Honam shear belt of study area is divided into four rock units based on the geologic age, mineralogy and texture : Daegang foliated granite, foliated hornblende biotite grandiorite, foliated biotite granodiorite and foliated two mica granite. Foliation of foliated granites generated by dextral strike slip movement at deep ductile shear zone. The individual synchronous plutons plottes on Harker diagram show mostly similar trend to the Daly's values. Each plots of the foliated granites, Jurassic granites and Cretaceous igneous rocks concentrate near trend of talc-alkali rock series on the AMF diagram. Igneous rocks of study area vary wide range in total REE content(83.27-377.49ppm) show LREE enriched than HREE in REE amount, and LREE have more steep negative slope in Eu(-) anomaly. From the date mentioned above, it is concluded the synchronous plutons which composed of several rock facies is considered to formed by differentiation of a series of magma. Geochronological episodes of igneous activity from early proterozoic to late Cretaceous between Jinan and Naju are two more Pre-Cambrian Orogenies, Songrim Disturbance, Daebo Orogeny and Bulkuksa Disturbance.
Native auriferous silver is found in lead-zinc(-silver) ores from Dongjeom deposit, which is mineralized at later stage optical property and chemical data are presented. The mineral is intergrown intimately with galena, Mn-bearing magnetite, alabandite, pyrargyrite and carbonate. Its chemical composition as determined by electron microprobe in WDX mode shows that it is characterized by relatively hige content of Au ranging from 5.82 to 1393, Sb ranging from 0.39 to 1.51 and S ranging from 0.15 to 1.48 weight percent.
In the Cheolam ore deposits, mineral paragenesis is divided into six depositional stages by the multiple episodes of brecciation and faulting. Pardculary, stage III is carbonates stage in which rhodochrosite, calcite, kutnahorite and dolomite are occurred. Mineral genetic sequence of these carbonates are as follows : (도표) Homogenization temperature of fluid inclusion in calcite ranges from 175 to 240℃. Fluid inclusions study and geothermometer of calcite-dolomite system reveal that the pressure ranges from 620 to 720 bars in stage III. This pressure is higher than Gthostatic load pressure of stage I in the Cheolam ore deposits. This fact corresponds with the fractured carbonate minerals occurrence.
The multiquadric terrain equation reproduces topography which is much closer to the real one than the digital terrain model. Also, terrain correction calculated by using the multiquadric terrain model shows a better result than that of digital terrain model. The accuracy of terrain correction depends on the accuracy of terrain data. Therefore, determination of the mean elevation of a terrain compartment by taking simple average of the maximum and minimum terrain height is not recommended. To obtain more accurate mean elevation of a compartment, a smaller scale topographic map such as 1:5,000 map is desirable for reading terrain data. But 1:25,000 map can be used for practical use. The pattern size of 250m×250m compartment is appeared to be suitable for near correction(D-F range), and 5㎞×5㎞ size for far correction. The computer program developed in this research can be used in all cases of surface and subsurface gravity surveys.
A seismic study combined with well data of a circular oil field in Cass County, Michigan, indicates that the structure's origin may be related to an impact event. The structural closures in the time structure maps and drilling results both show a central uplift. The fault system in the Trempealeau Formation shows a structure similar to other proven astroblemes. Undisturbed layers just beneath the central uplift also provide an evidence of an impact structure. The impact event occurred on the Utica shale of the Late Ordovician age. The subsequent uplifting and erosion formed the missing of some Late Ordovician rocks in the center of the oil field. A delayed isostatic adjustment may resulted in the structural closures of the Silurian and Devonian sedimentary formations which played the role of structural trap as a hydrocarbon reservoir. The diameter of the original crater was at least 2 kilometers. The meteorite seems likely to be as heavy as about 9×10⁴ tons and as large as 36-50 meters in its diameter depending on itscomposition.
Fractional composition of surface and core sediment samples were analysed to collect quality improvement and weed control in eutrofied brackish Lake Kyungpo. Fractional scheme for sediment phosphorus was made for four chemically defined phosphorus forms as adsorbed phosphorus, nonapatite inorganic phosphorus, apatite phosphorus and residual phosphorus. The analysis of surface sediment samples shows that Lake Kyungpo sediments have high labile phosphorus fraction and thus have high water pollution potential. It was found that no significant water quality improvement could be expected by dredging down to 1.0m depth of sediments.
Research studies about students' intuitive ideas in earth science were classified into two categories, classical and actional views, according to researchers perspectives on prior knowledge. The topics of the studies reviewed here are $quot;the earth and the sun$quot;, $quot;earth science$quot;, $quot;season$quot;, $quot;air pressure$quot;, and $quot;water in the atmosphere.$quot; Several intuitive ideas showed quite strong stability across task context. Cultural influence on a few intuitive ideas were reported and should be studied further. Students may commonly hold various intuitive ideas about some instruments used for instruction. For example, humidifier may be used for the relative humidity class. Students views about humidifier seems to be quite different from those of the teachers, and should be studied further.