Five different calibrations of metal abundances of globular clusters are examined and these are compared with metallicity ranking parameters such as ( S p ) c , . Q39 and IR-indices. Except for the calibration [ F e / H ] H by the high dispersion echelle analysis. the other calibration scales are correlated with the morphological parameters of red giant branch. In the [ F e / H ] H -scale. the clusters later than ∼ F 8 have nearly a constant metal abundance. [ F e / H ] H ≃ − 1.05 , regradless of morphological characteristics of horizontal branch and red giant branch. By the two fundamental calibration scales of [ F e / H ] L (derived by the low dispersion analysis) and [ F e / H ] Δ s (derived by the spectral analysis of RR Lyrae stars). the globular clusters are divided into the halo clusters with [Fe/H]<-1.0 and the disk clusters confined within the galactocentric distance τ G = 10 k p c and galactic plane distance |z|=3 kpc. In this case the abundance gradient is given by d[Fe/H]/ d r G ≈ − 0.05 k p c − 1 and d[Fe/H]/ d | z | ≃ − 0.08 k p c − 1 within τ G = 20 k p c and |z|=10 kpc, respectively. According to these characteristics of the spatial distribution of globular clusters. the chemical evolution of the galactic globular clusters can be accounted for by the two-zone (disk-halo) slow collapse model when the [ F e / H ] L -or [ F e / H ] Δ s -scale is applied. In the case of [ F e / H ] H -scale, the one-zone fast collapse model is preferred for the evolution of globular clusters.
The effective temperatures, T e f f (flux) of 52 early type stars are derived from de-reddened monochromatic and integrated fluxes obtained by absolute spectrophotometry, using the method of graphical analysis pioneered by Blackwell and Shallis (1977), similar to that of Underhill (1982) and Tobin (1983). We also estimated the effective temperatures, T e f f (comp) of the same stars by comparing their de-reddened energy distributions with those of the LTE model atmospheres by Kurucz (1979). The effective temperatures derived from these two methods are found to be in good agreement, confirming that they are effective for the estimation of effective temperatures of early type stars.
Effect of magnetic field on the thermal instability is studied in the radiatively cooling region behind an interstellar shock of moderate propagation velocity ( ∼ 10 k m / s e c ). It is shown that the presence of interstellar magnetic field of a few micro gauss is very effective in preventing the thermal instability from building-up density concentration. In the absence of magnetic field, the shock-induced thermal instability amplifies preshock density inhomogeneity by more than an order of magnitude. However, in the presence of magnetic field, the amplified density contrast is shown to be only a factor 2.