This research is a study on the influence of teacher's degree on physical education that have on the positive and negative emotion of his/her students, in order to provide information that would be a reference guide for the operation of elementary level p

사회복지 전문직은 휴먼서비스를 제공하는 분야로 고도의 윤리적 통찰과 결단이 요구되는 윤리 지향적 전문직이라고 할 수 있다. 하지만 윤리에 대한 사회복지학계의 이론적이고 실천적인 관심은 아직도 부족하다. 그간 수행된 사회복지 윤리관련 연구들은 하버마스의 보편윤리사상을 사회복지실천현장에서 활용할 수 있는가에 대한 탐색적 논의, 사회복지 실천 가치와 윤리가 지향하고 있는 내용, 자기결정과 관련된 문제 등 주로 이론적 논의에 머무르고 있다. 사회복지 실천현장에서 윤리적 문제는 여러 가지가 있을 수 있겠으나 그 중 가장 빈번하면서도 사회복지사들에게 부담으로 작용하고 있는 것은 바로 윤리적 의사결정이라고 할 수 있을 것이다. 따라서 본 연구는 사회복지사들이 실천현장에서 실제로 겪고 있는 윤리적 의사결정 딜레마의 내용과 결정 과정 그리고 해결유형을 살펴보고자 질적사례연구방법으로 연구문제에 접근했다. 연구에 필요한 자료는 경기도 ○○노인주거복지시설에 근무하고 있는 10명의 현직 사회복지사들로부터 심층면접을 통해 수집했으며 수집된 자료의 분석은 Stake(1995)가 제안한 4단계에 따라 수행되었다. 연구결과 연구 참여자들이 윤리적 의사결정의 딜레마에 직면하여 이를 해결하는 유형을 가치론적 결정형, 절충형, 회피형으로 분류했다. 사회복지사들이 실천현장에서 직면하는 윤리적 의사결정 딜레마의 양상과 원인 그리고 결정과정은 매우 복잡하고 다양한 것으로 나타났다. 그럼에도 불구하고 본 연구에서 찾을 수 있는 함의는 연구 참여자들은 윤리적 의사결정 모델과 같은 이론적 기준에 의해 의사결정을 하는 것이 아니라 기관의 정책, 전문가의 조언, 기관 관계자들의 견해는 물론 자신의 가치관, 클라이언트의 구체적 상황 등 모든 맥락을 최대한 고려하여 의사결정을 하는 경향이 강하다는 점이다. 따라서 사회복지사들이 윤리적 의사결정을 좀 더 유연하게 극복해 나갈 수 있도록 윤리적 민감성을 높이는 방안이 강구되어야 할 것이다. 위를 위해서 슈퍼비전 과정에서 윤리적 민감성에 대한 과정을 포함하고 이를 지도할 수 있는 윤리슈퍼비전전문가의 양성 방안도 고려할 수 있을 것이다. 또한 담당 사회복지사들이 감당하기 벅찬 윤리적 문제도 적지 않게 발생되는데 이에 대한 대응으로 기관의 관계자, 성직자, 학계와 같은 외부 전문가들로 구성한 사회복지실천현장윤리위원회의 실효성 있는 운영도 검토해볼 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

본 연구는 앞서 수행하였던 “대학수학능력시험 한문 과목 ‘한자 영역’의 출제 경향 및 문항 유형 분석”의 후속 작업이다. 따라서 본 연구에서의 ‘한자어 영역’에 대한 분석의 방향 역시 ‘출제 경향’과 ‘문항 유형’의 차원으로 그 범주를 설정하였 다. 본 연구에서는 2005학년도 6월 모의평가부터 2010학년도 9월 모의평가까지 총 17회의 문항을 검토 대상으로 하여 분석을 진행하였다. 먼저 출제 경향의 차원에서 살펴본 결과, 한자어 영역의 문항 수는 전체 문항 수의 30%인 9문항이 출제되어 출제 매뉴얼에서 제시한 시행 지침과 일치하고 있다. 그러나 배점으로 보면 ‘12점(24%)～15점(30%)’로 구성되어 ‘한자어’의 비 중이 최고 6% 정도 낮게 나타나고 있다. 문항의 평가 요소를 살펴보면 한자어 영역의 학습 요소를 고르게 반영하고 있으며, 문항의 유형 역시 다양하게 변화를 거 듭하고 있다. 이러한 유형의 변화는 내용상 타당성을 높이거나 변별도를 제고하거 나 정답률을 조정하기 위한 노력의 일환인 동시에 기출 문항에 저촉되지 않기 위 한 것이기도 하다. 또한 삽화를 적극 활용하고 있는 것도 특징 중의 하나라 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 대학수학능력시험 한문 과목 ‘한자어 영역’에 대한 분석을 ‘출제 경향’과 ‘문항 유형’의 차원에 국한하여 수행하였다. 차후로 ‘한문 영역’에 대해서 도 이와 같은 분석 작업이 계속되어야 할 것이다. 이를 통해 대학수학능력시험 한 문 과목의 전체적인 출제 경향 및 문항 유형 분석 작업이 마무리되면 한 단계 더 나아가 ‘문항의 양호도’에 관한 연구를 수행할 필요가 있다. 이러한 일련의 작업은 앞으로의 과제로 남긴다.

초 록 The research proposes two calculation methods for estimating the overall, within and between standard deviation of population. These standard deviations can be used to evaluate the process capability and performance indexes. The guidelines for using Cpk and Ppk according to the pattern of common and assignable causes are presented.

As more consumers shop online and prefer private label apparel products, the importance of private label apparel brand of Internet shopping malls are increasing. This study investigated consumer attitudes toward private label apparel brand of Internet shopping malls. Attitudes were conceptualized into two sub-factors: utilitarian and hedonic. Based on findings of prior studies, subjective norm and familiarity were included as antecedents to attitude variables. Purchase intention and word of mouth intention were also included as consequence variables of attitudes. Types of Online shopping malls were considered as moderating variable. For the empirical research, the Online survey was conducted. Young male and female consumers who have experience in Internet shopping of clothing products participated in the study. 429 questionnaire were used for the final statistical analysis. Results indicated that subjective norm had significant influence on consumer attitudes toward private label apparel brand. Familiarity however did not have significant influence on attitude variables for general internet shopping malls. For specialized Internet shopping malls, familiarity had significant influence only on hedonic attitude. Attitude variables had significant influence on purchase intention and word of mouth intention. Subjective norm and familiarity had significant influence on purchase intention and word of mouth intention.

The current research focused on exploration of a well known Korean fashion and clothing industry cluster, Dongdaemun Fashion Town(DFT). Many clothing and fashion wholesalers in DFT with various business formats are trying to obtain competitive advantages. For the empirical study, a questionnaire was developed. Items measuring descriptive statistics for each business and contractor selection criteria were included in the survey. 161 data from Employees of various wholesalers of DFT were used for statistical analysis. Majority of DFT customers were buyers of Internet shopping malls and street retail shops. 64% of them used domestic contractors for sourcing products. Most of them managed less than three contractors. Contractor selection criteria were factorized as flexibility, production ability, stability, fame and location. Wholesalers were segmented into three groups: product oriented, flexibility oriented and stability oriented groups. Group differences in terms of business practices were assessed and strategic implications were included.

Internet brand community's message makes significant contributions for fashion industry. Therefore, if we understand and implement the characteristics of the message on the Internet brand's community, it can be useful for future marketing strategy. This study was to classified the internet community and to examine messages with regard to direction, write motive and prior knowledge. The messages were taken from February, 20th, to August, 7th in 2008. Content analysis method was used for this study. The results were as follows: First, Fashion brand community divided into user initiative type and enterprise establishing type. Second, User initiative type had positive direction message more than enterprise establishing type had. Third, User initiative type had large volumes of information searching or sharing related message, but enterprise establishing type had large quantities of personal experience related message about write motive. Fourth, There was no difference numerical prior knowledge between user initiative type and enterprise establishing type, and then both had a high rate of prior knowledge.

The purpose of this study was to identify and compare the dimensions and patterns of the perception of traditional food for Koreans living in Yanbian, Mongolia and Uzbekistan. Items representing the perception of traditional food were combined into a dimension and a pattern based on underlying perception of the Koreans living in the area. Any difference in the perception of the Koreans living in these areas likely reflects their different dimensions and patterns. Thus, it is important to determine if Koreans living in Yanbian, Mongolia and Uzbekistan should be treated as a homogeneous group when defining their perceptional structure of traditional food. Factor and cluster analysis of the data generated in this study revealed two different dimensions and patterns for each group of Koreans living in Yanbian, Mongolia and Uzbekistan. However, the structure of the dimensions and patterns of the perception of traditional food differed, indicating that Koreans within and between the countries are not a homogeneous group. Similarities and differences in perceptional dimensions and patterns among Yanbian, Mongolian and Uzbekistan-Koreans are also discussed. Moreover, future implications for food and nutrition specialists, especially for those who have an interest in Korean traditional food in Asia and those who have an interest in globalization of Korean traditional food are provided.

Healthcare organizations need mutual cooperation among various medical professionals in order to carry out the performance of their duties spite of having a strong job specialization and independence based on license. However, spite of the importance of l

The growth of the middle school girls show big difference among the individuals and the development of each area of the body is not uniformed but diverse which could be understood as the period that the problems on the fit of the clothes occur extensively. Therefore, in this study, the somatotype of the middle school girls are intended to be categorized for the highly applicable clothes design. For this, the 3 middle schools in Jeonju were selected for anthropometric measurement of 324 middle schools. The items of measurement are related to the somatotype of middle school girls, clothes design which is consisted of total of 50 items. For the basic data of clothes was judged that the classification of somatotype related to the tops and bottoms would be rational; hence, it is classified into the upper part and lower part of the body to extract the body shape consistent factor. As a result of analyzing the factors, the upper body consistent was extracted as the 4 items: upper body circumference, upper body length, breast growth and arm length. It was displayed as 75.26% explicability. The lower body consistent factors are extracted as lower body height, lower body circumference, hip length, and rear shape with 78.62% explicability. To classify the somatotype of upper body and lower body, each factor score is made into the independent viable for group analysis. As a result, the upper body was classified into the 'upper body with small breast and long' and 'upper body with big breast'. The lower body was categorized as 'lower body with long hip length' and 'standard lower body'.

Black has been the most important color of all since the ancient times when the recognition of black roused, as well as during most of the eras; and can especially be said as the main color which controlled the chronicles of fashion. The purpose of the study was to broaden the application of black color image make-up by inquiring into make-up design elemental characteristics of lines and textures, after classifying magazine illustrations and advertisement make-up images using black. The photos which made effective use of black among fashion illustrations, magazine advertisements after 2001 were classified in to each type, and make-up expression method and characteristics according to design element of each image type was analyzed. The conclusion of such study was the following. 'Erotic image' showed contrast effect between eye make-up and lip color by using pale tone or red color. 'Mannish image' emphasized form and texture of eyebrow by restraining the colors of eyelids with natural brown tone eye make-up; 'Modern image' expressed vague eyebrow to bring the sensation of the direction of eye shadow on eyelids and eye line as well as slant line to relief. 'Kitsch image' showed free and light imagery by creating unique hair style with various colors; expressing lips mostly with colors similar to skin tone or by restraining colors on lips. 'Decadence image' showed messy and foul sensation with unstandardized eye make-up and matt skin of shimmer, glossy and pale tone, also with black colored lips; 'Retro image' expressed reinterpretation of images from 1920～1960 to contemporary styles.