The Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) is the document of intent signed between the Port States Control(PSC) to undertake a uniform as agreed. Though the MOU is not a legally binding, in case where the agreed items are violated without a just cause, the denunciation will follow. International Maritime Organization (IMO) and regional MOUs have been making amendments and reinforcing the relevant requirements, so that port State Authorities can effectively eradicate the substandard vessels. However, the various problems have arisen due to the existence of different requirements of each MOU, the lack of information exchange between each MOU, the lack of uniform PSC implementation within the same MOU and the lack of adequate system due to the short history of MOUs. In this paper, the MOU records for three years (1999∼2001) were analyzed according to each MOU, type of ship, deficiency code, classification society, the number of inspected ships and the number of detained ships to assess the problems (Statistics during 2002 will be published after August 2003). The purpose of this study is to help better understand the PSC activities within each MOU and to establish effective countermeasures by grasping the problems that exist in the PSC at present.

본 연구는 체조선수들의 시합불안 검사지를 개발하기 위해 상태불안의 하위영역인 인지적 불안, 신체적 불안, 자신감으로 분류한 후, 체조선수들이 시합 시에 가지는 상태불안의 느낌과 일치하는 내용을 구성된 51개 핵심용어를 선정하여 스포츠심리학자와 체조지도자가 협의한 후 40개 문항의 예비 검사를 제작하고 계량심리학의 순차적 과정을 거쳐서 인지적 불안 6개 문항, 신체적 불안 6개 문항, 자신감 6개 문항 총 18개 문항으로 구성된 기계체조경기 상태불안 검사지를 개발하였다. 자료 수집은 1차적 고교생 90명과 2차 중학생 이상의 선수 220명을 대상으로 시합 20분전에 측정하여 수집하였다. 1차 자료 분석은 첨도, 왜도, 문항의 척도별 반응분포 비율분석, item-total correlation과 oblique rotation이 수반된 공통요인분석, 신뢰계수를 산출하였으며, 2차에는 확인적요인 분석을 실시하였다. 1차와 2차 자료의 교차 타당도 결과는 상태불안의 하위영역인 3개 이론적 요인을 타당케 대변하였으며, 하위요인간의 상관행열과 신뢰도 계수는 하위요인간의 세분화를 입증하였다. 다만 구조계수 행열에서 인지적 불안과 신체적 불안을 측정하는 문항 2개가 서로 교차되어 높은 상관관계를 보여주었다. 확인적 요인분석을 통한 전체적 구조를 보면 상관관계 모형의 구조적 측면에서 높은 관계를 보여 ×^2 통계치와 적합성 계수가 본 검사지를 일반화시키는 데 만족할 만한 정도의 수준 타당성이 입증되지 못하여 자료처리 시 결과해석에 유의해야한다.

최근에 한국해양대학교에서는 선박조종시뮬레이터를 개발했다. 이에 따라 시뮬레이터에 해상상태를 적용하기 위해 노력중이다. 이 논문에서는 해상에서의 파의 움직임을 표현하는 수학모델과 OpenGL API를 이용하여 해상상태의 가시화 시뮬레이션 및 계산 결과의 시뮬레이터에 적용가능에 대해 논한다.

본 연구는 경쟁불안이 강도와 방향으로 구분될 수 있음을 가정하고, 정서지능이 경쟁상태불안의 방향을 예측하는 예언변인으로 작용할 수 있음을 증명하는데 그 목적이 있다. 남·여 고교 양궁선수 115명을 대상으로 조사하였으며 조사 도구로는 방향차원이 부가된 경쟁상태불안 검사지(CSAI-2: Martens, Burton, Vealey, 1990)와 이수정과 이훈구(1997)의 TMMS(Trait Meta-Mood Scale: Salovey, Mayer, Goldman, Turvey, 및 Palfai, (1995)을 사용하였다. 자료처리는 경쟁상태불안(인지와 신체불안)의 강도와 방향 그리고 정서지능의 하위 차원인 정서명확, 정서주의, 정서개선의 평균과 표준편차를 산출하였고 각 변인간의 상관관계분석 및 중다회귀분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과 인지와 신체불안간에는 정적 상관, 강도와 방향간에는 부적 상관을 나타냈다. 정서지능이 경쟁상태불안의 방향차원을 더 잘 예측할 수 있는 변인임이 드러났고, 구체적으로 정서지능의 정서개선 요인이 경쟁상태불안 중 신체불안의 방향차원을 예측하는 변인이 될 수 있음을 증명하고 있다. 새로운 경쟁불안 척도 개발의 필요성과 체험정서와 표현정서간의 차이 등에 대해 논의하였다.

본 연구의 목적은 한국설정에 맞는 스포츠 몰입상태 측정을 위한 도구의 타당도와 신뢰도를 검증하는데 있다. 연구대상자는 대학·고교 운동선수, 체육전공학생과 동호회 가입 학생들이었으며, 측정도구는 Jackson & Marsh(1996)가 개발한 몰입상태척도(Flow State Scal; FSS)를 사용하였다. FSS 설문지는 9개의 하위요인을 구성되었으며, 각 요인별 4문항씩 총 36문항으로 구성되었다. 이 FSS를 1, 2차에 걸쳐 조사를 실시하여 한국어판 FSS가 개발되었다. 한국어판 FSS의 신뢰도(Cronbach`α) 계수는 7개 하위요인에서 .61∼.81로 높게 나타났으며, 한국어판 FSS는 7개 요인구조를 보였으며, 설명변량으로 66.4%로 나타났다. 또한 확증적 요인분석을 통해 한국어판 FSS질문지로 측정한 몰입상태 측정모델이 적합함을 살펴보았다. 한국어판 FSS의 기초 적합도 지수(GFI)는 .89로서 일반적으로 수용되는 .90에 거의 근접한 것으로 측정모델에 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 조정 적합도 지수(AGFI)의 경우 .84로 적합한 것으로 나타났다. FSS는 이러한 타당성과 신뢰성 검증과정을 거쳐 한국어판 몰입상태 설문지로 완성되었다.

과거의 운동심리학(exorcise psychology) 문헌들은 일회(acute) 운동 후에 상태불안이 감소되어 기분이 좋아지는 효과를 얻을 수 있다고 밝혀왔다. 이 연구의 목적은 어떤 형태(유산소 대 무산소)의 일회 운동이 청소년의 상태불안과 그에 관련된 생리변인들에 보다 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 지를 비교하고자 하는 것이었다. 12명의 남자중학교 학생들을 6명씩 두 집단으로 나누어 한 집단에게는 유산소운동을 다른 집단에게는 무산소운동을 시킨 후, 1주일 후에는 서로 역할을 교대시키는 반복측정을 하였다. 유산소운동은 심박수를 이용하여 최대운동능력(VO_2peak)의 75%강도로 트레드밀에서 20분간 달리기를 하는 것이었고, 무산소운동은 5개의 웨이트트레이닝을 십회반복최대(10RM)의 75% 강도로 돌아가며 20분간 실시하는 것이었다. 각 운동 전·후에는 20분 동안 안정을 취한 뒤 상태불안, 체온, 그리고 혈압을 차례로 측정하였다. 각 운동조건의 평균을 비교하기 위한 통계분석을 사전점사 결과를 공변인으로 하고 사후점사 결과를 종속변인으로 하는 공변량분석(ANCOVA)을 실시하였다. 자료처리 결과, 유산소운동과 무산소운동 후 어떤 변인들에도 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다(p<.05). 따라서 청소년의 상태불안을 감소시키는 데는 운동형태간에 차이가 없으며 그러한 연구에 대해 지속적인 관심과 필요성이 강조되었다.

Korean government, port and logistics companies have made a lot of effects t exchange electronic documents between themselves and their partners. As a result of it, Korean Electronic Data Interchange(EDI) standards were make by the Korean Electronic Data Interchange for Administration, Commerce and Transport(EDIFACT) committee and the standards have been used by companies and governmental organizations in Korea. However, Korea port and logistics EDI system is based on Value Added Network (VAN) and a VAN company has monopolist right to relay EDI documents to Ministry of Maritime Affairs & Fisheries(MOMAF) and Customs Service. Therefore it leads to a lot of problems such as inconvenient software, expensive transmission fee, insufficient improvement of business process and the difficulty of connection with the in-house systems of user companies, To solve these problems, United National Centre for Trade Facilitation and Electronic Business(UN/CEFACT) and Organization for Structured Information Standards(OASIS) are aimed to progress for eXtensible Markup Language(XML) and Internet-based Electronic Business Extensible Markup Language(ebXML) electronic commerce framework. This research is trying to derive an conceptual ebXML model based e-Business for port and logistics industry. Especially, for improving extant problems in the port and logistics industry, this research proposes the Information Strategic Planning(ISP) and Proof of Concept(POC) for ebXML system.

This study attempted to proposed the strategies for development of peach packinghouses. The overview of the conditions of existing peach packinghouses located Chongdo county was provided. Then, the grading system of packinghouse was newly suggested. In empirical analysis, the optimal size, location, and equipments were taken into account for the case of establishing new packinghouse. The main finding of this study was that the planning and construction of peach packinghouse should be executed in accordance with the regional peculiarities. Specifically, First, the packinghouse could make higher profit by high-quality goods using realistic grading/standardization. It would be preferred by customers that the effective itemization of fruits like peach. Second, it would be necessary that the scale of packinghouse was examinated in the county or town level. Third, in order to make an effective management of the packinghouse, several alternatives for operation were suggested. Also the software of packinghouse should be arranged to satisfy the packinghouse, producers, and customers.

The estuary of Nakdong river is very influenced by the freshwater contained nutrients and organic materials. The response results of these influences are eutrophication and red tide outbreak in this region. Concentration of chlorophyll a was 0.78∼62.55㎍/L in February, 1.20∼21.29㎍/L in April, 1.88∼188.35㎍/L in June, and 0.78∼11.21㎍/L in August, respectively. The decrease of chlorophyll a is considered that residence time is shorten by increase of freshwater discharge, and unfavorable growth condition of phytoplankton is created by diffusion of low salinity and increase of turbidity. The phytoplankton maximum region located inner side of this estuary during winter season, whereas it was moved to outer side when mean discharge of the Nakdong river was increased. Therefore, the variation of phytoplankton maximum region was affected by input discharge from the Nakdong river basin.

To ensure ship's safety and preserve the marine environment from ship, IMO(International Maritime Organization) has been making much efforts. Nevertheless there are still many possibilities threatening ship's safety and the marine environment. Many vessels navigate at sea in lack of standard required by the International Convention relevant to ship's safety and the protection of marine environment. Even though the administration is responsible for perfect and continuous control for safety of ship, it cannot has jurisdiction over ships hoist its flag reasonably at all times. So the Port State has strengthened the Port State Control(PSC) activity as one step of eliminating sub-standard vessels. In the light of the fact that mentioned above, this study deals with PSC activity in Korea and port of Pusan. Total 582 ships, inspected in port of Pusan from 1st January 1998 to 30th September 1999, were analyzed in various aspect and extracted results as follows : \circled1 The inspection rate in Korea was much lower than the other states taking part in Tokyo MOU, \circled2 For flag state, the ships belong to flag of convenience(FOC) had much more deficiencies than non-convenience flag ships, \circled3 For ship type, 39 number of general dry cargo ship were detained at Pusan with serious deficiencies, \circled4 For deficiency item, the items such as life saving appliances, safety in general, navigation, load lines and fire-fighting appliances were occupied over 71.7% of total number of deficiencies, \circled5 In Asia-Pacific region, Korea was one of flags with detention percentages exceeding 3-year(1996~1998) rolling average detention percentage. Average detention rate of Korean vessels was 6.73% which was over 0.24% of average detention rate(6.49%) in Asia-Pacific region. These results may reflect to improve the performance of PSC inspection for foreign vessels and are useful for preparing PSC inspection for ocean-going ships registered in Korea.

Packing house is the regional center in which packing, sorting, storage, and selling of harvested fruits are taken care of all together. It is located at the producing centers, and commercializes their apples. Apple grading policies of chief producing centers should concentrate on enhancing functions and roles of its local packing house. Consequently new packing house policies for enacting individual grading standards at national and local levels should be developed. This study is to develop Korea packing house on the basis of field survey in New York State. Increasing the utilization of packing house is the main key to the success of apple grading project. Therefore, effective arrangement and utilization of sorting facilities should be evaluated and new system which enables apple farms, local cooperatives, and corporations to joint-utilize packing house must to be established.

The objective of this study is the investigation and analysis of information on the conservation and the sustainable use of coastal wetlands based on the awareness of local residents in Kang-hwa island, Tae-an and Seo-chon. The results are summarized as follows: The degree of the satisfaction on the natural environment is in the order of Tae-an, Kang-hwa and Seo-chon. This order is accorded with the order of the goodness of natural environment. The order for the degree of the satisfaction on the living environment is same as the order for the satisfaction degree on the natural environment. Especially, residents of Seo-chon are not satisfied with the living environment. The residents of all regions are not satisfied with the socio . economic environment. The local resident of Kang-hwa and Tae-an, where natural environment is well-conserved, prefer conservation to development of the region. On the other hand, the local residents of Seo-chon have relatively low preference for conservation of the region. These results show the following consideration for the ideal method of management for the conservation and sustainable development of coastal wetlands. In case of Kang-hwa island, where the, condition the natural environment is well conserved, should be managed with the minimum development with maintenance of the current state must be driven.