Molten salt consisting primarily of eutectic LiCl-KCl is currently being used in electrorefiners in the Fuel Conditioning Facility at Idaho National Laboratory. Options are currently being evaluated for storing this salt outside of the argon atmosphere hot cell. The hygroscopic nature of eutectic LiCl-KCl makes is susceptible to deliquescence in air followed by extreme corrosion of metallic cannisters. In this study, the effect of occluding the salt into a zeolite on water sorption/desorption was tested. Two zeolites were investigated: Na-Y and zeolite 4A. Na-Y was ineffective at occluding a high percentage of the salt at either 10 or 20wt% loading. Zeolite-4A was effective at occluding the salt with high efficiency at both loading levels. Weight gain in salt occluded zeolite-4A (SOZ) from water sorption at 20% relative humidity and 40℃ was 17wt% for 10% SOZ and 10wt% for 20% SOZ. In both cases, neither deliquescence nor corrosion occurred over a period of 31 days. After hydration, most of the water could be driven off by heating the hydrated salt occluded zeolite to 530℃. However, some HCl forms during dehydration due to salt hydrolysis. Over a wide range of temperatures (320–700℃) and ramp rates (5, 10, and 20℃ min−1), HCl formation was no more than 0.6% of the Cl− in the original salt.

Subgroups of sperm which share similar motility features documented in mammals indicate between-subject variations that might be related to fertilizing potential of the respective ejaculates. The objectives of this study were to define subpopulations of motile sperm in Gyr falcon semen using kinematic parameters driven by Computer Assisted Semen Analysis (CASA) and to investigate the subjectrelated variations in these subpopulations. A total of 24 fresh ejaculates from 6 falcons were used to assign each of the 20473 sperms into 3 subpopulations by a multivariate cluster analysis. The proportion of sperms in different sub-populations were compared among subjects by a generalized linear model and repeatability of sperm frequency in different subpopulations was investigated by corelation analysis. The resulting 3 categories of sperm indicated significant differences in all kinematic parameters (p < 0.05). Subpopulation 1 (15.91%) contained sperms with the highest velocity and progressiveness of movement trajectory while subpopulation 3 (6.4%) included the least progressively motile sperms. Proportion of rapid and medium progressive sperm were consistently higher in the ejaculate of three falcons compared to the two other birds which also had the highest proportion of slow non-progressive sperms (p < 0.05). Respective proportion of sperms in each subpopulations indicated significant repeatability over multiple measurements (p < 0.05). In conclusion, subpopulations of motile sperm in Gyr falcon can be identified using kinematic parameters generated by CASA. Individual differences in the proportion of these subpopulations might have potential application for identifying the males with higher fertilizing capacity.

African swine fever (ASF) is a hemorrhagic viral disease of pigs requiring laboratory diagnosis for confirmation. Though tissue and blood samples are considered optimal for ASF diagnosis, collection of these samples can be laborious, time-consuming, and pose a risk of contaminating the environment. Here, we suggest an alternative non-invasive sampling method, hair plucking, for ASF diagnosis. ASF virus was detected in plucked hair samples from experimentally infected pigs. Although the sensitivity was inferior to whole blood, the results suggest that hair plucking can be an alternative method that can also improve animal welfare.

Chlorine dioxide (ClO2) has recently emerged as an ideal disinfectant and has shown a wide range of antimicrobial activities in various pathogenic microorganisms. In this study, the virucidal effect of ClO2 at low concentration (0.02 ppm) and higher concentration (0.06 – 0.09 ppm) against Adenovirus and Herpesvirus was evaluated based on the NF T 72-281 and ASTM 1053-11 standard methods at different exposure times. The virus suspension was dried onto the carrier and then exposed to gaseous ClO2 (gClO2) at 22 ± 2∘C. For Adenovirus, exposure at a low concentration of ClO2 at the middle height resulted in the average log10 reduction of 0.95, 2.65, and 5.30 after 1, 3, and 6 h post-exposure (pe), respectively. Moreover, more than 4-log10 reduction was achieved at 4 and 6 h pe with higher concentrations of ClO2. On the other hand, the antiviral activity of gClO2 at the middle height was also effective against Herpesvirus. In particular, at 1 h pe, a less than 4-log10 reduction was observed at all examined concentrations of ClO2, whereas exposure for 3 and 6 h (with low concentration) or 2 h (with higher concentration) inactivated completely viruses attached to the carrier. These results suggested that ClO2 fumigation is a potential alternative method for disinfecting healthcare facilities, high-containment laboratories, and households with a safe concentration for human health.

2021년 4월부터 8월에 제주시의 비닐하우스에서 재배되는 목이버섯에서 거저리 일종이 발견되었으며, 그를 동정한 결과 제주진주거저리 (Platydema takeii Nakane, 1956)로 확인되었다. 상업적으로 재배되는 버섯에 있어서 거저리 해충으로 인한 우리나라의 첫 번째 피해 사례이다. 여 기서는 이 해충의 피해 증상과 성충 및 유충의 진단형질을 제공하고자 한다.

CNTs/Al-Li composite was first prepared by hot-pressed sintering from Al-Li alloy powder and CNTs solution, and then the hot compression tests were performed on MMS-100 thermal simulator at strain rate range of 0.01– 10 s− 1, deformation temperature range of 350–500 °C, and total deformation amount of 60%. True stress–strain curves were plotted, and constitutive equation as well as hot processing maps were successfully confirmed based on Arrhenius constitutive model and Prasad instability criterion. Results show that CNTs/Al-Li composite have a very poor hot deformation ability and narrow processing region, which is strain rate range of 0.1–1 s− 1 and deformation temperature range of 360–400 °C. Hot extrusion experiment was carried out and the processing parameters were selected according to the established hot processing map, and an improvement on strength and a good balance between strength and plasticity can be obtained, which is about 650 MPa for tensile strength and 9% for elongation.

Carbon fibers are commonly used in many specialized, high-performance applications such as race cars and aircraft due to their lightweight and high durability. The most important stage in the production of carbon fibers is the carbonization process. During this process, carbon fibers are subjected to high temperatures in the absence of oxygen to prevent fibers from burning. Labyrinth seals are attached to a carbonization furnace to prevent airflow into the furnace and to assist in the elimination of off-gases. This study investigated flow characteristics inside a carbonization furnace and the effects of different geometric parameters of labyrinth seals such as labyrinth tooth shape, number of teeth, and tooth clearance. Varying carbonization furnace operating conditions were also studied in regard to flow behavior, including fiber movement and outlet vacuum pressure. A high working gas flow rate at the furnace inlet resulted in recirculation zones. Properly regulated gas flow from the main and labyrinth inlets enabled uniform flow around the fibers’ inlet and outlet which prevented air from being trapped in the reactor. Flow behavior was minimally effected by changes to labyrinth seal geometry such as tooth length, tooth clearance, and outlet pressure. However, the movement of fibers had a clear effect on flow characteristics in the furnace.

계란의 비린내 강도는 가금류의 종류와 개인의 인식에 따라 다르지만 여러 요인에 의해 발생할 수 있다. 특히 트 리메틸아민(TMA)이 원인으로 밝혀졌다. 주목할만한 점은 리보플라빈이 TMA를 무취의 트리메틸아민-N-옥사이드로 전환시키는 역할을 하는 효소인 플라빈 함유 모노옥시게 나제 3의 활성을 증가시킬 수 있다는 점이다. 본 연구는 난황의 TMA 함량을 분석하여 비린내에 대한 기여도를 평 가하고, 비린내를 방지하는 방법을 개발하는 것을 목적으 로 하였다. 고체상 미세추출-기체 크로마토그래피/질량 분 석법을 사용하여 리보플라빈이 강화, 보충된 사료를 먹인 암탉의 난황에 있는 휘발성 화합물을 감지하고 정량화했다. 또한 샘플 간 휘발성 물질의 상대적 함량을 비교하기 위해 전자코를 이용하여 상관관계 연구를 수행하였다. TMA는 콜린이 함유된사료를 섭취한 가금류의 난황에서 고농도로 검출되었지만 리보플라빈이 보충된 사료를 섭취한 가금류 에서는 검출되지 않았다. 전반적으로, 이 연구는 리보플라 빈이 TMA를 포함하여 계란에 존재하는 휘발성 물질의 양 과 품질에 영향을 미친다는 것을 시사한다. 이러한 발견 이 계란의 비린내를 줄이는 것은 물론 품질 향상에 기여 하기를 기대한다.

We present the analysis of a planetary microlensing event OGLE-2019-BLG-0362 with a shortduration anomaly (∼0.4 days) near the peak of the light curve, which is caused by the resonant caustic. The event has a severe degeneracy with Δχ2 = 0.9 between the close and the wide binary lens models both with planet-host mass ratio q ≃ 0.007. We measure the angular Einstein radius but not the microlens parallax, and thus we perform a Bayesian analysis to estimate the physical parameters of the lens. We find that the OGLE-2019-BLG-0362L system is a super-Jovian-mass planet Mp = 3.26+0.83 −0.58 MJ orbiting an M dwarf Mh = 0.42+0.34 −0.23 M⊙ at a distance DL = 5.83+1.04 −1.55 kpc. The projected star-planet separation is a⊥ = 2.18+0.58 −0.72 AU, which indicates that the planet lies beyond the snow line of the host star.

마야의 교리는 삶의 본질을 구성하는 경험의 중요성을 설명한다. 경험은 삶의 실제를 구성하는데, 마야는 세상의 그런 당혹스러운 경험을 이해하는 능력과 관련하여 경험을 무지의 범위 안에 두어 존재의 가치를 평가하는 척도의 일환으로 삼는다. 두 번째로 마야는 앞서 말한 사건과 상황을 완전히 이해하고 있다면 해방을 제안하는 로고스를 창조한다. 이러한 관점에서 우리는 본질적으로 모순되는 피상적 경험의 출현을 겪지만 동시에 더 높은 수준에서 피상적 경험에게 변함없이 계속되는 실질적인 경험을 겪는다. W. B. 예이츠, T. S. 엘리엇과 W. H. 오든의 시에서 우리는 각 시인이 삶의 혼란스럽고 상충되는 경험을 이야기함으로써 마야 교리와 조화를 이루는 예술적 성장을 보여준다. 하지만 이들 시인들은 각 개성에 따라 큰 투쟁을 하면서 통합과 행복을 가져오는 궁극의 경험에서 구원의 가능성을 찾는다.

현대의 기술은 비약적으로 발전하고 있으나 그러한 기술적 진보가 안전수준 의 향상도에 직접적으로 비례하지는 않는다. 새로운 기술과 그것의 운용은 또 다른 위험요소를 낳기 때문이다. 본 논문은 현대 해사에서 최신기술의 집약체 인 자율운항선박의 안전관리를 현행 ISM Code상 규정에 근거하여 검토한다. 먼저 ISM Code상 핵심주체들의 역할과 책임을 자율운항선박에 적용 가능한지 분석해 보고, 특히 ISM Code에서 정의하는 선장의 책임과 권한이 자율운항선 박에서 어떻게 적용되어야 할 것인지를 집중적으로 살펴본다. 또한 현행 ISM Code상 핵심주체의 역할에 더하여 원격운항센터, 원격운항자, 사이버보안 등 추가적으로 ISM Code에 규정되어야 하는 부분에 대해서도 접근 방향을 제시한 다. 특히 원격운항의 도입에 따른 공백을 채우기 위해 자율운항 단계별로 새로 운 역할의 도입을 제안한다. 이로써 이 논문은 자율운항선박에 대한 효과적인 안전관리를 위한 안전관리체제의 틀을 제시한다.

Abstract Biosensors are a group of measurement systems and their design is based on the selective identification of analyses based on biological components and physical and chemical detectors. Biosensors consist of three components: biological element, detector, and converter. The design of biosensors in various fields of biological sciences, medicine has expanded significantly. Biosensor technology actually represents a combination of biochemistry, molecular biology, chemistry, physics, electronics, and telecommunications. A biosensor actually consists of a small sensor and biological material fixed on it. Because biosensors are a powerful tool for identifying biological molecules, today they are used in various medical sciences, chemical industry, food industry, environmental monitoring, pharmaceutical production, health, etc. In fact, these sensors are a powerful tool to identify biological molecules. In fact, biosensors are analytical tools that can use biological intelligence to detect and react with a compound or compounds, and thus create a chemical, optical, or electrical message. The basis of a biosensor is to convert a biological response into a message. In this category, the use of telecommunication engineering technology and electromagnetic waves and frequency and radio spectrum is growing more and more to detect, measure, and determine the desired parameters in microbiology and laboratory sciences. The use of radio, optical, electromagnetic, ultrasonic, and infrared wave detection technology is part of the applications of telecommunication science in this field. Even image and audio processing systems have been instrumental in the discussion of biosensors in microbiology. The science of using fiber optics and waveguides, micro-strip antennas, and microelectromechanical technology is also very efficient in the construction and design of these biosensors.

The objective of the present study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms involved in the activity of [10]-gingerol using A2058 human melanoma cells. [10]-Gingerol inhibited the proliferation of A2058 cells by 50% at a concentration of 52 μM. Such inhibition was dose-dependent accompanied by morphological change indicative of apoptosis. Furthermore, flow cytometric analysis by Annexin V and PI double staining showed that [10]-gingerol increased the extent of apoptosis. Analysis of the mechanism of these events indicated that [10]-gingerol increased the ratio of Bax to Bcl-2, resulting in the activation of caspase-9, caspase-3, and poly-ADP-ribose polymerase in a dose-dependent manner.

The sorption of Eu on MX-80 bentonite in Na–Ca–Cl solutions is investigated at a molal proton concentration (pHm) range of 3 to 10 and an ionic strength (I) range of 0.1 to 6 m (mol·kgw−1). The sorption equilibrium of Eu on MX-80 is achieved within 14 to 21 d at I = 0.1 and 6 m. The sorption distribution coefficient (Kd) values of Eu for MX-80 increase as pHm increases from 3 to 6 for all I values, and they are independent of pHm between 8 and 10 at I ≥ 0.5 m. Meanwhile, at I = 0.1 m, the Kd value at pHm = 10 is slightly lower than those at pHm = 8 and 9. The Kd values are not affected by the I values between 0.5 m and 6 m, whereas the Kd value at I = 0.1 m is greater than those at I ≥ 0.5 m, except at pHm = 10. A two-site protolysis nonelectrostatic surface complexation and cation exchange sorption model is applied to the Eu sorption data for I ≤ 4 m, and the equilibrium constants of the sorption reactions are estimated.

디지털 정보 기술의 급속한 발전에 따라 사람들은 점점 더 자연스럽고 편리한 방식으로 인간과 컴퓨터의 상호작용을 실현하는 경향이 있습니다. 본고에서는 Leap Motion 센서를 하드웨어 플랫폼으로 하고 Unity3D 와 Leap Motion 플러그인을 소프트웨어 플랫폼으로 하여 가상 거문고의 상호작용 설계를 개발합니다. 또한 Leap Motion 장치의 개발과 연구를 통해 Leap Motion 센서에서 수집된 제스처 정보의 처리와 인식을 알고리 즘으로 구현하고, 제스처 인식 알고리즘을 이용하여 서로 다른 제스처를 분리하여 서로 다른 응답을 가능하 게 합니다.