본 연구는 현대 사회를 살아가고 있는 신중년 여성의 삶의 경험과 의 미를 탐색하는데 목적이 있다. 연구 문제는 신중년 여성들에게 ‘삶의 경 험과 의미’는 무엇인가를 알아보고자 했다. 연구 결과 첫째, 신중년 여성 들의 삶의 경험과 의미의 신체성은 ‘자신에 대한 배려와 돌봄’ 과 ‘지속 적인 삶의 영위’로 나타났다. 둘째, 신중년 여성들의 삶의 경험과 의미의 공간성은 ‘절대적 순응’과 ‘갈등과 극복의 여정’으로 나타났다. 셋째, 신 중년 여성들의 삶의 경험과 의미의 시간성은 ‘삶의 주도권 찾기’로 나타 났다. 넷째, 신중년 여성들의 삶의 경험과 의미의 관계성은 ‘진정한 자기 가 되고자 함’이며, 이를 통해 자신과 화해하고, 자신을 수용할 수 있게 되었다. 이에 신중년 여성들이 자기 회복을 통해 현실에 적응하여, 건강 한 사회관계를 유지하기를 기대한다.

Nasopharyngeal stenosis is defined as a morphological transition of narrowing at the nasopharyngeal region. A 2-yearold, castrated male, Korean short hair cat was referred to the animal medical center, Gyeongsang National University. According to clinical signs, diagnostic imaging, and physical examination, nasopharyngeal stenosis was diagnosed. The staphylectomy was performed using a CO2 laser, and there were not any post-operative complications. The patient was discharged in two days. This report describes the case of nasopharyngeal stenosis in cat and represents that laser ablation could be a good option for surgical management of the nasopharyngeal region with a low complication rate.

A 12-year-old, spayed female, Pomeranian dog was referred for limbs stiffness and circling movement. Computed tomography(CT) and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) revealed a contrast-enhanced space-occupying lesion suggestive of meningioma in the olfactory groove to the right frontal lobe. For a successful and accurate surgery, 3D printing technique for preoperative planning and 3D guide was applied. Surgical excision of the meningioma was successfully performed. The postoperative complications were managed through medical treatment and patient care without the revision surgery.

Consumers' online reviews have become more powerful in the Internet market. Consumers share reviews, post comments and constantly evaluate products online. In previous studies, the analysis of online reviews mainly focused on purchasing products based on consumers' own use experience, but in innovative products, it was difficult to find an analysis of product acceptor's response to product user reviews. In particular, there is no online review study of VR covered in this study. This study not only quantitatively analyzed online reviews of consumers who purchased VR products on Amazon, an online distribution site, but also qualitatively analyzed them through crawling. This study used Amazon's VR product user review, where purchases were confirmed, to select algorithms that are more likely to be matched by predicting a helpful review and presenting a predictive model. In addition, the online review extracted deep text associated with Helpful and conducted topical modeling. As a result, topics related to 1) experience in use, 2) post-product evaluation, 3) product composition and peripherals, 4) immersion, and 5) comfort were highly acceptable to potential inmates. To enhance the acceptability of innovative products through online reviews, it is not just highlighting the product advantages of VR, but also suggests that the link between smartphones and applications can bring in more potential users. Also, interworking with other peripheral devices (speakers or screens) can be predicted as a way to increase the acceptability of VR products. From a marketing perspective, this study has found targeted topics that help consumers in pioneering the VR market, which will help potential customers create the services they want.

The aspiration of entrepreneurs to extensively grow their firms has been found to make stronger contribution to economic growth than the entrepreneurship rate in general. Formal and informal institutions shape the business environments in which companies are operating. Thus, they affect entrepreneurs’ beliefs about firm growth. However, prior research gives little attention to the interaction effects of formal and informal institutions on entrepreneurial growth aspiration.

파기스탄은 중국과 공식 외교관계를 맺은 첫번째 이슬람 국가이다, 양국의 전통적 우호관계 및 “전천후 전략적 협력 동반자관계”는 중-파 경제회랑에 외교적으로 기여해 왔고, 지역 협력에도 기여해 왔다. 하지만, 근래 파기스탄의 포퓰리즘은 양국의 경제무역협력 및 인문교류의 걸림돌이 되고 있다. 본 논문은 우선 질적으로 국내외 학술계가 포퓰리즘에 관한 문헌을 정리하였다, 그리고 양적으로 BDP 데이터분석 소프트웨어를 통해 국내외 학계의 포퓰리즘 관련 문헌을 시각화분석(Visualization)하였다. 또한 시각화가 파기스탄 포퓰리즘에, 또는 중-파 경제회랑에 주는 시사점도 도출하였다. 아직 국내외 학술계가 파기스탄의 포퓰리즘에 크게 주목하지 않고, 포퓰리즘의 정도도 그리 심각하지는 않다. 그러나 파기스탄의 포퓰리즘은 민족성 및 나라의 특수성 때문에 주기적인 발전과정을 거치고 있기 때문에, 중국-파키스탄 경제회랑 등이 지속적으로 심화하는 상황에서는, 향후 파기스탄의 포퓰리즘이 심각해질 수도 있다.

Efforts on the continued increase of local government's fiscal spending related to improving the residential environment are desirable to counter the declining phenomenon of urban decline. At the same time, however, it is also important to know how to operate limited finances more efficiently to improve the residential environment. This study aims to contribute to the rational allocation of fiscal expenditure and the creation of productive results for the improvement of the settlement environment. To this end, this study analyzed the efficiency of financial expenditure related to the improvement of the residential environment in 225 local governments nationwide. The relationship between financial expenditure and residential environmental performance was also measured and the CCR, BCC and SBM models were used to measure efficiency. The analysis showed that most local governments need to scale back their fiscal spending related to improving the government environment. In addition, it was required to prepare feasible spending plans by bench-marking the processes of residential environment improvement projects in areas such as Haman-gun, Jongno-gu, Seoul, and Seocho-gu, which are considered to be under efficient operation.

The highway junctions are the areas where frequent congestion occurs due to a conflict between vehicles entering the main road from the connecting road and vehicles passing through the main road, which is the main target of microscopic and macroscopic traffic flow study. The importance of study on the behavior and the interaction between vehicles at the highway junctions has been emphasized as an essential element of the Cooperation Intelligent Transport System (C-ITS) and Autonomous Vehicle technology. In this study, merging location and time of vehicles in acceleration lane of highway merging area is recorded by aerial videos from drones, and vectormodelling method was developed with merging location (y-axis) and merging time (x-axis). In the vector model, the vector region of the traffic flow is represented by the realistic expressible vector region and the stable entry into the highway. The model is compared with the traffic conditions according to speed, traffic volume, and density in main line and connecting road. This study can be used as a basic data for understanding the behavior of vehicles at the highway junctions and It is expected to be used as an operational indicator for advanced transportation such as lamp metering, C-ITS, and Autonomous Vehicle technology to stable traffic flow on the highway.

The building which are essential for disaster recovery is classified as a special seismic use group. Especially, achievement of seismic performance is very important for the hospital, so the hospital should be able to maintain its function during and right after an earthquake without significant damage on both structural and non-structural elements. Therefore, this study aimed at checking the seismic performance of a hospital building, but which was limited to structural elements. For the goal, a plan with a configuration of general hospitals in Korea was selected and designed by two different seismic-force-resisting systems. In analytical modeling, the shear behavior of the wall was represented by three inelastic properties as well as elastic. Nonlinear dynamic analyses were conducted to evaluate the performance of structural members. The result showed that the performance of shear walls in the hospital buildings was not satisfied regardless of the seismic-force-resisting systems, while the demands on the beams and columns did not exceed the capacities. This is the result of only considering the shear of the wall as the force-controlled action. When the shear of the wall was modeled as inelastic, the walls were yielded in shear, and as the result, the demands for frames were increased. However, the increase did not exceed the capacities of the frames members. Consequently, since the performance of walls is significant to determine the seismic performance of a hospital building, it will be essential to establish a definite method of modeling shear behavior of walls and judging their performance.

The need for eco-friendly building materials such as engineered wood has increased to reduce carbon emissions. Although the range and height of engineered wood buildings are gradually increasing in North America and Europe, engineered wood is mainly used for low-rise residential buildings in Korea. In order to reduce carbon emissions more, therefore, it needs to expand the use of engineered wood by applying it to various buildings with different uses or more stories. With this background, the aim of this study is to investigate the applicability of engineered wood for 9-story office buildings. Since a 9-story building with engineered wood only is not allowed in KBC, an example building has RC ordinary shear walls as the lateral force resisting system while engineered wood is only used for gravity load resisting moment frames. Another example building is also used for comparison where both lateral and gravity load resisting systems are designed by RC. The applicability of engineered wood is investigated by comparing the seismic performance and the amount of carbon emission of both buildings. The result shows that the seismic performance of both buildings was not significantly different while the amount of carbon emission of the engineered wood building was much less then the RC building. Based on this result, engineered wood is sufficiently applicable to 9-story office buildings even though it still needs to pay attention to the shear design of reinforce concrete walls.

To prepare the dried Cirsium setidens Nakai appropriate to the gondre-namul, this study investigated the effects of steaming and blanching on its color characteristic, degree of browning, peroxidase activity, rehydration, and preference test. Cirsium setidens Nakai (gondre) was steamed for 5-15 min and blanched in different blanching solutions for 1-5 min, followed by drying at 50oC. The blanching solutions used in this study were water, and 0.5% (w/v) solutions of NaCl, CaCl2, and sodium polyphosphate (SPP). The control was dried without pre-treatment. Relative to the control, the lightness of dried Korean thistle decreased, except for that blanched with NaCl solution, whereas its redness decreased except for that steamed. All treatments exhibited lower yellowness than the control. Also, all treatments revealed a lower degree of browning and peroxidase activity than the control. Rehydration was reduced by pre-treatments of Korean thistle relative to the control. Korean thistle blanched for 1 min with CaCl2 solution exhibited higher points for color, flavor, taste, and overall acceptability than those of the control. Overall, blanching with CaCl2 solution would be an appropriate way of preparing the gondre-namul using dried Korean thistle, accompanying the common way by blanching with NaCl solution.

본 연구는 nano-silica solution(NSS)을 배합수 중량치환방법을 사용한 OPC-slag cement의 특성에 관한 연구이다. 새로운 치환방법은 선행연구들보다 높은 NSS 치환율의 시멘트에 대한 거동을 연구하기 위한 기초 단계이다. NSS는 배합수 중량의 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 그리고 50% 치환하였다. 그 결과 역학적 및 미세구조적 특성이 향상되는 결과를 보였다. 이는 두 가지 원인으로 요약된다. 첫 번째는 NSS를 배합수 중량 치환하면 나노 실리카 입자의 균질한 분산작용이 향상된다. 이는 초기 수화작용을 촉진한다. 두 번째는 배합수 보다 밀도가 큰 NSS의 치 환은 w/b를 감소시킨다. 이는 치밀한 수화반응물질을 형성시킨다. 새로운 치환방법은 선행연구에서 밝혀진 분말형 나노 실리카 입자를 사용한 결과와 비교하여 역학적과 미세구조 특성의 저하가 나타나지 않았다. 따라서 본 연구에서 사용한 NSS를 배합수 중량 치환한 방법은 OPC-GGBFS cement의 배합에 적용 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

Patients with type II diabetes mellitus are more susceptible to colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence than non-diabetics. The anti-diabetic drug metformin is most commonly prescribed for the treatment of this disease and has recently shown antitumor effect in preclinical studies. The aberrant mutational activation in the components of RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway is very frequently observed in CRC. We previously reported that metformin inhibits the phosphorylation of ERK and BEZ235, a dual inhibitor of PI3K and mTOR, has anti-tumor activity against HCT15 CRC cells harboring mutations of KRAS and PIK3CA. Therefore, we hypothesized that simultaneous inhibition of two pathways by combining metformin with BEZ235 could be more effective in the suppression of proliferation than single agent treatment in HCT15 CRC cells. Here, we investigated the combinatory effect of metformin and BEZ235 on the cell survival in HCT15 CRC cells. Our study shows that both of the two signaling pathways can be blocked by this combinational strategy: metformin suppressed both pathways by inhibiting the phosphorylation of ERK, 4E-BP1 and S6, and BEZ235 suppressed PI3K/AKT/ mTOR pathway by reducing the phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 and S6. This combination treatment synergistically reduced cell viability. The combination index (CI) values ranged from 0.44 to 0.88, indicating synergism for the combination. These results offer a preclinical rationale for the potential therapeutic option for the treatment of CRC.

This study aimed to investigate the various biological activities of Geranium thunbergii such as antimicrobial activity and protective effect against oxidative damage. To evaluate its antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, we first performed methanol extraction; this methanol extract was further partitioned using various solvents. And then, its antioxidant activity was measured using various assays including total phenolic content and protection against oxidative DNA damage, and antimicrobial activities were examined using minimum inhibiting concentration (MIC) test, and paper disc method. In addition, high-performance liquid chromatography was performed to analyze the major chemical components of ethyl acetate fraction. The G. thunbergii fraction with ethyl acetate exhibited higher antioxidant and antimicrobial activities than the other fractions. The results showed that G. thunbergii ethyl acetate fraction at 50 μg/mL had strong DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities of 80.88% and 80.12%, respectively. In addition, the ethyl acetate fraction protected DNA from the oxidative damage induced by ferrous ion and hydroxyl radicals and showed high antimicrobial activity with diameter of inhibition zones ranging from 13.33 to 15.67 mm. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis revealed the major phenolic compounds of G. thunbergii to be ellagic acid and gallic acid. These results suggest that G. thunbergii might protect DNA against oxidative stress induced by reactive oxygen species and can be utilized as a natural source of antioxidant and antimicrobial agent in the food industry.

This study examines the construction and management of physical facilities in natural recreational forests that have been created after gaining an understanding of how visitors will use them. It also studies operations tailored for the use of visitors to natural recreation forests. The study presents basic data pertaining to management of natural recreation forests, analyzes the impact of current facilities on visitor satisfaction, and reveals the potential for new programs to be implemented. The independent variables in this study are facilities and program establishment/management and program utilization pertaining to the operation of natural recreation forests. The considered variables include facilities management and facilities requirements categorized by state programs. Program needs were analyzed using correlation. The state of facilities management in natural recreation forests, utilization program implementation, and demand for utilization programs were found to have a positive (+) influence on visitor satisfaction. The results of the rank regression analysis of the influence of the independent variables on visitor satisfaction decreases in the following order: state of facilities management, utilization program implementation, and demand for utilization programs. Visitors to natural recreation forests prefer recreational activities that provide a break from their normal routine, rather than the use of other aggressive utilization programs. Therefore, a higher priority should be given to ensuring appropriate provision of facilities that generate higher visitor satisfaction, as well as their stable management, compared to other utilization programs. Therefore, there are some indications that natural recreation forests of the future will benefit from the development and implementation of an essential set of utilization programs that will have a positive (+) impact on visitor satisfaction.