Teaching is often regarded as a profession with a high probability of job burnout. Research has shown a close relationship between teachers’ motivation and their burnout, but it has not been closely explored among EFL (English as a foreign language) teachers in Chinese contexts. Considering the large number of college English teachers in Chinese universities and recent changes in their role, the study explores the relationship between their motivation and burnout, as well as the factors that affect teacher burnout among Chinese college English teachers. For this purpose, a total of 261 college English teachers from ten Chinese universities participated in the survey. Among them, 68 teachers submitted their narratives on teacher burnout using the narrative frame. The results showed that high mastery and relational goals and a low level of work avoidance goals contributed to higher motivation and less teacher burnout. The demand for research, lack of autonomy, and guanxi-based practices influenced Chinese teachers’ burnout. The results show that teacher burnout is highly context-dependent and affected by the organizational structure and cultural practices. An organizational support needs to be provided for teachers to maintain their mastery goal orientations and increase their autonomy as professional teachers.

총채벌레목 관총채벌레과의 미기록속인 Pachyliothrips속에 속하는 단일종 Pachyliothrips zelkovae Okajima, 2006 (느티나무관총채벌레, 신 칭)을 한국에서 처음으로 보고한다. 성충의 형태적 특징과 형태 사진을 수록하였다.

This qualitative study explores how foreign non-native English speaking teachers (FNNESTs) perceive themselves as English educators and how they exert agency to be better perceived as professionals. Given the close relationship between teacher identity and its implications for educational outcomes, this study is based on Norton’s (2008) perspective on identity, which posits identity as dynamic, contradictory, and constantly changing across time and place. The data collection process included four semistructured interviews with two FNNESTs and four interactions on social networking sites. According to the results, the identities of FNNESTs were shaped through their initial language learning experiences, exposure to critically oriented scholarship in graduate school, their future anticipations, and mostly through their agency in the immediate professional context in which they currently teach. That is, four unique identities and one common identity were identified among the participants. In summary, FFNESTs do not perceive themselves as lacking but rather value their diverse language skills and past experiences as language learners.

This paper aims to investigate how and to what extent ‘critical’ global citizenship is reflected in middle school English textbooks in Korea. Framed within Freire’s concept of critical literacy, the study is concerned with analyzing the written texts in two English textbooks, with a focus on the issue of representations. Using critical content analysis, the research centers on unpacking how race, racism, or racialization, especially in the United States, is represented, and to what extent these representations may be associated with global citizenship education in English language learning. The major findings indicate a notable absence of sufficient sociohistorical and cultural contexts of race in the United States as presented in the concerned English textbooks. Based on the analysis, this paper calls for an expansion of the dimensions of critical global citizenship in English language learning settings, aiming to provide students with broader opportunities to question colonial discourse and challenge issues related to power and systemic oppression.

India has been a member of the BRICS group since 2009. It has been a staunch advocate for the synergistic power. Their summits have focused on a wide range of topics, all of which share the common goal of reorganizing the global economic and political order. The BRICS nations have together accomplished several significant milestones which include the establishment of the New Development Bank, the BRICS Payment System, collaborative anti-terror programs, climate mitigation, green energy, and other such initiatives. South Africa played home to the 15th BRICS Summit, which took place in the August of 2023 and was centered around the theme of “BRICS and Africa: Partnership for Mutually Accelerated Growth, Sustainable Development, and Inclusive Multilateralism.” This essay considers issues from an Indian perspective that may pop up in the future BRICS summit.

The Government of Vietnam recently issued a Strategy for Intellectual Property 2030 and amended the Law on Intellectual Property in 2022 for the economic development of Vietnam through stimulating innovation and creativity. Many solutions are recommended to foster the integration of research and development, and intellectual property such as recycling, water cleaning, treatment of poisonous exhausted air, energy saving, green technology for conserving ecosystems. To have more inventions and patents, Vietnam needs to protect its intellectual property rights (IPRs) involving all its various sectors and entities more. However, the current status of IPRs protection in Vietnam shows limitations in this field due to lack of appropriate legal rules on civil and criminal sanctions. This article will give an overview of IPRs protection in Vietnam and then analyze some current provisions relating to civil and criminal sanctions for IPRs infringement based on the experiences of some foreign countries. It will also recommend some solutions for overcoming these challenges.

With the increasing value of data and the growing power in the field of digital economy, China has taken the governance of cross-border data flow(CBDF) as an important national strategy. At the domestic policy level, China has piloted Beijing, Shanghai, Hainan and Xiongan New Area to create international data centers with the intention to control inbound and outbound data resources. At the domestic legislative level, China insists that the outbound data transfers be conducted in a secure environment. At the international cooperation level, on the basis of the Global Data Security Initiative, China builds the consensus of countries and promotes cooperation among countries along the Belt and Road routes on CBDF through the Digital Silk Road. Simultaneously, China will engage proactively in the newly international economic and trade agreements, with RCEP standing as a prime example. China’s discourse and model on CBDF governance have been continuously enhanced.