Imagination plays a critical role in travel decision-making. Given the intangible nature of tourism products, tourists cannot directly experience and evaluate the tourism resources in advance. Thus, tourists must first mentally predict and imagine the future travel experiences and scenarios in the destination based on the marketing information (e.g., travel photo, promo video) and prior knowledge, then form their subjective evaluation of the travel product. This future-thinking process is called “mental simulation”. Stacks of research have shown that mental simulations positively affect travel behavior (Le et al., 2019). However, given that travel is a kind of novelty-seeking activity, tourists are usually not familiar with the destination environment and activities. The lack of prior knowledge might inhibit their mental simulation process, even if destination photos and videos are provided. Thus, how to effectively arouse tourists’ mental simulation of destination experience is an important question for effective tourism marketing.

Activated carbon (AC) injection has been regarded as one of the most effective control technologies for Hg0 removal in flue gas. It is worthwhile to explore new and simple preparation methods for AC with low cost and high Hg removal capacity. In this study, a biomass based AC was successfully prepared from levant cotton exocarp using ZnCl2 activation. The mercury adsorption efficiency and mechanism were studied via the fixed bed experiments. Activator, reaction temperature and components of simulated coal-fired flue gas were investigated. Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM–EDX) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were applied for morphology characterization of the prepared AC and discussion of the possible adsorption mechanism. The adsorbed mercury species and the physiochemical properties of prepared AC were discussed. The results showed that (1) Hg0 removal efficiency could reach up to 90% at 150 ℃ under simulated flue gas (SFG); (2) Hg0 adsorption was controlled by the combination of physical and chemical mechanisms.

본 논문은 린다 허쳔과 마그리타 레라의 번안 이론을 활용하여 소포크레스의 오이디푸스왕를 번안하는 예이츠와 맥기니스의 동기를 역사적 맥락에서 분석 한다. 주제와 파토스에 있어서 아주 상이한 번안을 하도록 하는 각 저자의 시대상황과 사정이 다른 점들을 보여준다. 또 그리스 원전의 번안 방법에도 주의한다. 본 연구는, 저자들의 빈약한 그리스어를 감안하여, 번안작가들은 언어간의 번역보다는 언어내부적 문제를 더 효과적으로 다룬다. 이 논문은 또한 그들이 어떻게 오이디푸의 신화와 현대 및 당대의 아일랜드 극에 기여하는지 연구하기 위해서 그들의 번안/번역/교정을 할 때 예이츠와 맥기니스가 시도한 변형과 차이를 준 것들이 무엇인지도 논의한다.

China’s Supervision Law is the legislation that governs China’s leading and fundamental approach to anti-corruption. Its main content includes the objective, guiding ideology, principle and leadership system of supervision work, the authority, formation and duties of the supervision committee, the supervision procedures, and the supervision of the supervisory organizations and supervisors. The Supervision Law embodies the characteristics of a combination of party rules and national laws. This power structure is completely different from the separation of powers in Western countries: it does not control power by checks and balances and civil rights. This raises concerns about “who will supervise the power of the Commission or a higher level of power,” “human rights protection” and “procedural issues.” The Supervision Law not only means significant changes in China’s anti-corruption legislation, but also those in China’s governance style, which will have a profound impact on China’s future political and legal aspects.

This study examined the causal relations among brand personality, brand identification, and brand equity of Korean SPA brands that target Chinese consumers. Data were collected from 600 Chinese consumers residing in Beijing and Shanghai from August 15th to August 30th of 2015 by using convenience sampling; 561 of the questionnaires were used in the statistical analyses. Structural equation models were employed using AMOS 22.0. The results were as follows. First, the factors of Korean SPA brand personality, such as sophistication, competence, tenacity, and interest, exerted significant influences on the brand identification, while honesty had no significant influence on brand identification. Second, brand identification had significant influence on brand awareness, brand image, and brand loyalty. Third, brand awareness showed significant influence on brand image and brand loyalty. Fourth, brand image had significant influence on brand loyalty. These results indicated that brand equity can be strengthened by enhancing brand identification with the proper brand personality. This demonstrates that if Chinese consumers can associate Korean SPA brands with a sophisticated, attractive image, brand identification may be improved and brand equity may be strengthened in the long run, providing basic data for establishing efficient marketing strategies for Korean SPA brands in the Chinese market.

Courses on the motion and operation of remotely operated vehicles (ROV) tend to feature abstract theoretical concepts, numerous formulas, combinations of mathematical and physical concepts and teaching that is disconnected from practice. As with the development of computer technology, the dynamic connection between the combination of the highly-realistic visual effects of simulation and theoretical classroom teaching has the aesthetic characteristics of a physical science. In this study, a virtual teaching platform for ROVs was developed on the basis of current virtual simulation technologies, as well as the needs of courses focused on ROV motion and operation. Based on detailed analyses of the functional and performance requirements of a virtual teaching platform for ROVs, the system was subdivided into six subsystems: remote-control simulation, dynamic and kinematic mathematical modeling, underwater operation tools simulation, visual scene display, teacher control and network administration, using an object-oriented design method featuring modularization and standardization. The subsystems facilitate modular development, integration and function extension, and support the openness, inheritance and reusability of the system. The platform is used to intuitively acquaint students with ROVs’ kinetic characteristics and operating methods by means of intuitive 3D models, precise motion calculation, and real operating scenes. Based on teaching practice in colleges and universities, a typical work-task-oriented practical teaching system was developed, along with the application of course design and scenario design for the ROV virtual teaching platform. Through interactive operation, students can dynamically and intuitively observe the motion of ROVs during navigation, helping them to learn about hydrodynamic performance. With simulated ROV operation, students learn about the principles of dynamic mechanical tools as well as the relationships between the interaction forces of ROVs. This contributes to disciplinary progress in naval architecture and ocean engineering, as well as the development of students’ practical engineering competence.

예이츠의 일본의 노드라마와의 조우는 1916년『매의 우물』을 쓰게 하는데, 이 작품에서 그는 시극에서 직면한 여러 문제와 자신의 시적 문화주의의 애매한 표현에 대한 해결책을 찾는다. 노드라마를 그대로 재현하는 대신에 예이츠는 대중적 연극개념에 반대한 자신의 미학적, 정치적 이상을 담아 재창조한다. 예술적으로, 예이트는 “극의 형식을 발명”해내는데, 이 형식은 반연극적, 반사실주의적 화법을 실행할 뿐 아니라, 일반대중을 포용하기를 거부하는 친밀한 극을 만든다. 정치적으로, 예이츠의 시적문화주의는 노에 영감을 받은 극에 적합한 신비주의철학과 결합한다. 시극은 이미지의 집중이 애국심을 불러일으키는 강력한 의식이어야 한다고 예이츠는 생각했다. 그러나 이런 공연 리추얼이 야기하는 주술적 상태는 부정적 양상을 초래한다. 매의 우물에서, 쿠훌린의 마지막 영웅적 행위는 자신의 선택이 아니라 주술의 결과이다. 이렇게 이 극은 초기극『캐스린 니 훌리한』에서 보이는 문화적 주술의 시학으로서의 문화주의의 지속성에 우리의 관심을 끌게 한다.

In the present work, a comparative study of the mechanical behavior of two series of elastomeric composites, based on carboxylated styrene butadiene rubber (X-SBR) and reinforced with rice bran carbon (RBC) and graphite, is reported. Hybrid composites of X-SBR filled with RBC-graphite were also investigated in terms of the cure characteristics, hardness, tensile properties, abrasion resistance, and swelling. It was observed that the cure times decreased with the incorporation of a carbon filler whereas the torque difference, tensile strength, tensile modulus, hardness, and swelling resistance increased compared to the neat X-SBR revealing a favorable characteristic of crosslinking. Dynamic rheological analysis showed that the G' values of the composites, upon the addition of RBC-graphite, were changed to some extent. This demonstrates that the presence of a strongly developed network of fillers will ensure a reinforcing characteristic in a polymer matrix.

It is becoming increasingly essential for firms to achieve social improvement. Consumers no longer support firms that solely seek profits. A worldwide consumer survey found that 66% of respondents are willing to pay premium prices for brands from firms concerned with social well-being (Nielsen Report, 2015). Therefore, many firms actively engage in various societal marketing activities to elicit positive responses from consumers. As societal marketing continues to increase in importance, many studies have focused on the effect of corporate social responsibility activities. As one such activity, cause-related marketing (CM) is defined as “the process of formulating and implementing marketing activities that are characterized by an offer from the firm to contribute a specified amount to a designated cause when customers engage in revenue-providing exchanges that satisfy organizational and individual objectives” (Varadarajan & Menon, 1988, p.60). This enables a firm to improve its brand image or reputation and increase sales (Henderson & Arora 2010; Pracejus & Olsen 2004). A firm that employs CM can differentiate itself in competitive markets, which leads to increase in consumer’ purchase intention and their willingness to pay more for the firm’s brands (Müller, Fries, & Gedenk, 2014; Strahilevitz, 1999; Winterich & Barone, 2011). Therefore, CM expenditures are predicted to reach 2.06 billion dollars in 2017 (IEG Report, 2016). Further, CM growth continues worldwide in both developed and developing countries (Adkins, 2008; Wymer & Samu, 2009). Therefore, we focus on CM among various societal marketing activities. Many firms conduct CM in markets that differ both economically and culturally. However, cross-country or cultural research on consumers’ responses to CM is scarce. Although some studies consider cultural factors, most are based on Western-Eastern or individualism-collectivism typology (Ralston, et al., 2008; Yuan, Song, & Kim, 2011). It is dangerous to assume a bi-cultural continuum without considering the multiple variations within the Western or Eastern worlds. The current research addresses this limitation in literature, by exploring CM within the Asian market. We specifically examine Korea and China, as these countries are included in Asian culture, but differences exist between the two. The majority of previous research has discovered factors for successful CM, including the donation magnitude and quantifier, product traits (e.g., type, involvement), the company’s characteristics such as reputation or image, and the cause’s familiarity or importance (Barone, Miyazaki & Taylor, 2000; Lafferty, & Edmondson, 2014; Pracejus, Olsen, & Brown, 2003; Samu & Wymer, 2009). The results regarding the product type’s effect on consumer responses toward CM, revealed that guilt received considerable attention. It has been found that guilt generated by hedonic consumption compels consumers to purchase CM products. Further, the consumer regards the product’s CM as a means of justifying their hedonic product purchase. Many studies demonstrate that consumers choose CM products to reduce guilty-feeling regarding consumers simply as beings who seek to maximize utility. However, CM must also be illuminated, as CM is marketing strategy that involves donation. In summary, we take both economic and ethical perspective based on the dual process theory. From an economic view point, we examine the effect of guilt on consumers’ preferences for CM products. We then propose a new factor from an ethical perspective. Further, we study the two factors’ impacts on consumers’ decision-making through a cultural comparison. We conducted a between-subjects experiment. It was found that Korean consumers felt guiltier and the mean of perceived value of CM was higher in Chinese consumers (Table Ⅰ). As the below Figure Ⅰ illustrates, there was significant interaction effect between countries (Korea versus China) and product type (utilitarian versus hedonic). We also confirmed that the underlying consumer response mechanism to CM products differs between Korean and Chinese. These results support prior studies’ conclusions, in that guilt is the key factor in consumers’ decision-making processes regarding hedonic CM products. And we present the value perception as new influential factor. This paper provides several implications. First, we attempt to overcome previous research’s narrow viewpoint toward CM. As research is scarce regarding the ethical or philanthropic aspect of CM, we focus on that aspect with a particular focus on consumers’ perception of CM value. Second, this paper draws on the dual mode theory, to proposes another new influential factor that affects consumer behavior. As dual processes’ relative effects may differ depending on context (Sonenshein, 2007), therefore, and third, this study examines these effects using a cultural context. Korea and China have a substantial ripple effect on the global economy, thus, it is valuable to study the two countries’ different responses toward CM. Finally, our study provides more insight and practical implications for firms in the Korean and Chinese markets.

Many advanced ground-based solar telescopes improve the spatial resolution of observation images using an adaptive optics (AO) system. As any AO correction remains only partial, it is necessary to use post-processing image reconstruction techniques such as speckle masking or shift-and-add (SAA) to reconstruct a high-spatial-resolution image from atmospherically degraded solar images. In the New Vacuum Solar Telescope (NVST), the spatial resolution in solar images is improved by frame selection and SAA. In order to overcome the burden of massive speckle data processing, we investigate the possibility of using the speckle reconstruction program in a real-time application at the telescope site. The code has been written in the C programming language and optimized for parallel processing in a multi-processor environment. We analyze the scalability of the code to identify possible bottlenecks, and we conclude that the presented code is capable of being run in real-time reconstruction applications at NVST and future large aperture solar telescopes if care is taken that the multi-processor environment has low latencies between the computation nodes.

The mind-body problem is one of the basic problem of Chinese traditional philosophy , which is dated back to Qing dynasty . Mind is subject , and body is object , how its relationship does work confused the ancient Chinese philosopher for thousands years , it also influences the way the Chinese people see the nature , the society , and themselves . The main trend of the thoughts considered the mind and the body should be in a harmony , and the mind is the commander . The principle grows in nature , and the essence always in mind . The golden mean of the Confucian school tells the inside and outside of the Dao is always together . This article will analyse the logic of the chinese traditional mind , and use the Chinese tradtioanl arts as the examples , especially the Chinese traditional opera and the traditional painting . We know the arts is directly related to the artists' mind , and the way they see the world . A conclusion will be get : the logic of Chinese traditional mind is a dialectical truth . Compare with the western ancient artists who is loyal to their eyes , the Chinese traditional artists pay more attention to their mind . The truth of former's work is based on the original look of the world , but the truth of the Chinese arts is a subject world which reflected the outside , namely the harmony of the inside and outside

Focuses on discussing the shapes, characteristics and constructions of the traditional ondol in northern China,totapthereasons for its forming characteristics. After comparing China's traditional ondol culture with modern living space, we want to show the relationships of dimensional processing patterns appearing at different historical times.

The linear intercept (LI) method was used to quantitatively measure the intercepts of WC grains in nano-grained WC-10Co hardmetal. When the surveyed intercept numbers of WC grain exceeded 200, the statistic data for the mean grain size of WC were reproduced. The discriminative minimal grain size of used LI method was 12 nm; the maximum intercept of WC grain was 109 nm; the average intercept of WC grains was 45 nm and the corresponding 3D mean grain size of WC was 70 nm which is agreeable with the XRD outcome.