곶감의 건조 및 저장에 따른 미생물상의 변화를 조사하였다. 곳감의 제조 지역에 따라 건조 초기의 미생물수는 상주시 외곽지역의 곶감이 다소 높았으나 반건시상태가 되는 건조 7 주 후에는 두 지역의 미생물 수의 차이는 없었다. 건조가 진행됨에 일반세균과 초산균은 꾸준히 감소하여 7주 후에는 거의 관찰되지 않았으나 곰팡이와 효모 수는 점차 늘어나는 양상을 보였다. 곶감을 32, 실온(10~15), 저온(42)에서 7주간 저장한 결과 저온 저장구에서 미

본 연구에서는 단감의 저장성을 향상시키고자 polythylene 필름 포장방법에 따른 단감의 물성 및 품질의 변화를 조사하였다. 저장방법에 따른 단감의 품질 변화는 농가에서 사용하는 5개씩 포장하여 저온저장시에는 저장 120일가지 저장성을 유지하였고, 1개씩 포장한 경우에는 저장 150일가지 저장이 가능하였고, 품질면에서 아주 우수한 것으로 판정되었다. PE 필름 두께에 따른 품질의 변화는 일반 농가에 사용하고 있는 0.06mm PE 필름으로 포

The quality characteristics of bread prepared with the addition of dried persimmon peel powder(PPP) were investigated. Visco-elastic characteristics of dough and texture of bread added PPP was examined by rapid visco-analyzer and texture analyzer. The maximum viscosity of the dough with PPP was lower than that of control at 90. Final viscosity after cooling to 50, viscosity of control increased to 134 B.U., but that of the dough with PPP showed 13∼37 B.U. As more PPP was added, gluten formation and mixing time dough were longer. Adhesiveness, springness, cohesiveness and chewiness gradually increased as PPP content increased, while the hardness decreased. Lightness value decreased but redness and yellowness values increased with the addition of PPP, especially, the bread made by 15% PPP treatment showed dark brown color. In sensory evaluation of bread, score of color decreased significantly as more PPP was added but overall acceptability was not significant different(p

단감의 수확 및 저장 중에 발생한 불량과실을 이용할 목적으로 분말화하기 위한 기초연구로서 본 실험을 행하였다. 일반성분 조성은 조단백질, 조지방, 조회분의 순으로 열풍건조 처리구는 0.9-1.1%, 15.0-39.0%, 2.3-3.3%이었으며, 동결건조 처리구는 1.3-2.2%, 27.0-49.0%, 2.5%로 나타났다. 무기성분 조성은 열풍과 동결건조 처리구 모두 potassium, magnesium, phosphorus; calcium, so

Comparing and analysing the productivity and the main ingredients of persimmon leaves by cultivars were conducted to improve the quality and productivity of the per-simmon leaf tea. As a result of the survey, Dungsi was decidedly good in growth co-ndition of survival rate, stem diameter and the number of shoots etc. Also , DUngsi had the highest leaf productivity of 567 leaves and the leaf weight of 1.98 kg per one plant after three years of planting . On accounts of productivity, ingredient analysis and panel test etc. we collectively through that Dungsi was the best cutltivar for the persimmon leaf tea.

찌는 시간을 달리하여 절단한 차는 색과 향이 3분과 5분간을 찐 후 절단하였을 때 우수하였다. 가용성 고형분 함량, 추출 수율이 증가됨에 따라 맛의 기호성은 증진되었고, 탁도와 갈색도, 색도의 증가는 색깔의 기호성을 증진 시켰다. 3분간 찐 후 절단하여 시간별로 볶은차와 5분간 찐 후 절단하여 시간을 다르게 볶은차는 전체적 기호성이 5분간 볶았을 때 우수하였고, 가용성 고형분 함량, 추출수율, 탁도, 갈색도, 전체 색도는 볶는 시간에 비례하여 증

경북 상주지역에서 가장 많이 재배되고 있는 둥시와 청도지역의 대표적인 반시를 공시하여 동결감의 제조 및 해동중에 일어나는 품질변화를 구명하기 위하여 연구한 결과, 동결감 과육의 온도변화는 -4까지 도달하는 시간이 상주둥시보다 청도반시가 10~20분 더 소요되었고 감은 -2~3에서 동결되었다. 동결저장중의 파열과 발생은 상주둥시가 24.5%, 청도반시가 15.5%로 청도반시가 상주둥시보다 상대적으로 적게 파열되어 동결감 제조시 청도반시가 더 유리하

본 연구는 떫은감의 삽미를 제거하기 위한 가스 탈삽에서 탈삽온도를 달리하여 품종별 품질변화를 비교함으로써, 품종별 탈삽양상에 따라 연화나 장해없이 탈삽되는 가장 적합한 방법을 개발하는 자료로 삼고자 한다. 공시재료로는 도근조생, 청도반시, 사곡시의 떫은감 3품종을 사용하였다 2, 탈삽에서는 3품종 공히 탈삽처리 후 2일만에 식용가능한 탈삽지수 2이하가 되었으나, 2에서는 도근조생과 사곡시는 6일, 청도반시는 10일만에 식용가능하게 됨으로서 품종별

CA저장에 적합한 떫은감 품종을 선발하기 위해 청도반시, 사곡시, 고종시, 봉옥시 4품종을 공시하여 농도를 12, 16%로 하였으며 농도는 같이 3%로 하여서 약 160일간 저장하여 품질변화를 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 가용성 고형분 함량은 저장기간이 경과함에 따라 거의 변화가 없거나 감소하였으며, 청도반시, 사곡시, 고종시는 12%, 16% 모두 일반 저온저장고와 비슷한 수준이었으나, 봉옥시는 고농도의 로 가용성 고형분의 감소가 현저하였다.

떫은감의 총페놀성 물질은 녹숙감에서 3.09%로 가장 높았고, 완숙감에서는 1.51%, 연시는 0.48%로 점차 감소하는 경향을 나타내었으며 가용성 탄닌도 연시에서 현저하게 감소하였다. Acetaldehyde 반응성은 녹숙감에서 추출한 가용성 탄닌이 완숙감의 탄닌보다 다소 높았고, 연시에서 추출한 탄닌은 acetaldehyde와 반응하지 않았다. 탄닌의 함량이 높을수록 acetaldehyde 반응성은 증가하였으며, 각 탄닌성분을 Styragel

단감과 떫은감의 2단계 발효과정에 의해 제조된 감식초의 품질 평가를 위해 제조중 성분 변화를 검토하였다. 유리당은 단감의 경우 glucose 6.60, fructose 6.12 및 sucrose 1.74%이었으며, 떫은감의 경우에는 각각 5.63, 5.21, 0.62%로, glucose 함량이 가장 높았다. 발효기간이 경과함에 따라 유리당의 함량은 점차 감소하는 경향을 나타내었으며, 특히 glucose의 감소가 급격히 감소하였다. 감식초의 유기산

단감과 떫은감을 이용하여 알콜발효 및 초산발효의 2단계 발효에 의하여 감식초 제조과정 중 성분변화를 조사하였다. 발효됨에 따라 총산 함량은 점차 증가하여 초산 발효 8일째에 단감과 떫은감에서 각각 5.95, 5.81%이었다. 색상은 알콜발효 및 초산발효 중 L값과 b값은 떫은감에서, a값은 단감에서 각각 높게 나타났다. 갈색도는 알콜 발효기간이 지남에 따라 점차 증가하였으나 초산발효에서는 갈색도 및 탁도가 점차적으로 감소하여 갈색도는 단감에서,

고정화 배양계를 이용하여 감 즙으로부터 식초생산을 효율적으로 행하기 위하여 Saccharomyces cerevisiae의 고정화 형성조건을 검토하였다. 고정화를 위한 최적 Na-alginate의 농도는 2%이었다. 담체의 농도를 1-4%로 변화시키면서 gel beads로부터 누출되는 효모 균수를 검토한 결과, 1%의 농도에서는 배양 8시간째부터 배양액의 탁도가 흐려지는 것이 관찰되어 배양 20시간째에 0.82의 흡광도를 나타내었다. 그러나 2-4

The mechanism of natural removal of astringency and seasonal changes of tannin substance in sweet persimmon(Fuyu) and astrigent persimmon(Chungdo Bansi)were investigated. Tannin productivity of astringent persimmon fruit was higher than that of sweet perimmon fruit during growth. In the reactivity of tannin to acetaldehyde, it was observed that tannin from sweet persimmon have a milder chemical properties than that from astrigent persimmon. The threshold value of astringency on sweet persimmon tannin was higher than that of astrigent persimmon tannin. Tannin substances from sweet persimmon distributed mainly in lower molecular weight range at harvest stage, but those from astrigent persimmon distributed mainly in higher molecular weight range. Therefore, the natural removal of astringency was related to difference of tannin productivity, threshold value of astringency, reactivity and qualitative difference of tanni.

본 연구에서는 독숙기와 성숙기의 감 과실에 외부 에서 에틸렌()을 처리하였을 때 처리시간에 따라 과실의 경도, 에틸렌 발생량, 세포벽 성분의 변 화 그리고 세포벽 팩틴의 주사슬을 형성하는 polyuuronide(PU) 및 곁사슬을 형 성하는 polysaccharide (PS)의 가용화와 분해가 어떻게 달라지는지를 알고저 하였다. 에틸렌을 처리하였을 때 녹숙기와 성숙기 감 모두 처리 시간이 경과될 수록 과실의 경도가 급격히 감 소하였으며, 감소의

The cell membrane properties in relation to flesh browning of Fuyu persimmon fruits during CA storage were studied. Compared to intact fruits, the flesh tissue of browned fruits showed higher rate of electrolyte leakage, indicating incresed membrane permeability. It could be assumed that the increased membrane permeability results in 1eakage of phenolic compounds from vacuole and their oxidation by contacting with PPO, inducing finally the development of flesh browning. In addition, lower content of fatty acids and higher saturation rate of them were found in browned fruits. In conculusion, it was suggested that the inhibited fatty acid metabolism and fatty acid saturation during CA storage cause membrane Permeability to increase.

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of calcium and galactose treatments on ethylene productions in persimmon fruits for the study on the study of persimmon fruits. Ethylene was producted in green mature persimmon fruits treated with water, calcium and galactose after 24hrs of treatment. Ethylene productions of persimmon fiuits treated with galactose was very higher than those of persimmon fruits treated with water and calcium after 72hrs of treatment. Ethylene productions of persimmon fruits teated with water and calcium were similarly to that of persimmon fruit tested with calcium. The treatment of glucose was not effected on ethylene production of persiommn fruits. The ACC contents and ACC synthase activity in persimmon fruit treated with galactose were higher than those of other groups after 72hrs of storage, but the ACC contents and ACC synthase activity of persimmon fruits treated with calcium were lower than those of control and persimmon fruits treated with water.

Changes in antioxidative substance levels in eleven different cultivars of persimmon leaves during growth were investigated. In general, the contents of soluble phenols, L-ascorbic acid and flavonoids in astringent persimmon leaves(APL) were higher than those of nonastringent persimmon leaves(NAPL). The soluble phenol contents in APL and NAPL showed a tendency to decrease throughout leaf growth. L-ascorbic acid content in APL decreased rapidly during growth, whereas its content in NAPL reached its highest value at the late of July, and then decreased rapidly. Major flavonoids in APL and NAPL were quercetin and Kaempferol which were present in conjugate forms. Before acid hydrolysis, the contents of kaempferol and quercetin in APL and NAPL remained at a relatively constant level until the late of July, and then decreased slightly. After acid hydrolysis, kaempferol contents in APL and NAPL varied significantly by cultivar and growth stage, while quercetin contents decreased slowly until the late of July, and then increased drastically, reached a maximum at the early of August, afterward continuously decreased. These results suggest that APL harvested at the early of June may be useful as potential sources of natural antioxidants.

In our studies on the role of -galactosidase in fruit softening, significant difficulty, was encountered in our attempts to extract RNA from persimmon(Diospyros kaki L. cv. Fuyu) fruit due to astringency and tannin content. Initial, unsuccessful RNA extractions involved methods using guanidinium isothiocyanate/CsCl with and without polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP), phenol/sodium lauryl sulfate(SDS), guanidinium hydrochloride, as well as polysomal RNA purification method that used 0.2 M Tris-HCI (pH 9.0) containing KCI, Mg-acetate, EDTA, -mercaptoethanol, and sucrose. A method was devised which employed treatment of fruit with CO2 gas to diminish astringency prior to RNA extraction, followed by extraction of tissue powders with Proteinase K extraction buffer containing PVP and ascorbate at an alkaline pH. This procedure resulted in the removal of tannins and other polyphenolics and extraction of relatively large amount of high-quality RNA suitable for cDNA library construction and polymerase chain reaction(PCR). Futhermore, the procedure does not use the toxic and corrosive chemical guanidinium isothiocyanate or require ultracentrifugation.

Ethylene was treated or inhibited to investigate its effect on the physiological changes related to induction of flesh browning in Fuyu persimmon fruit. The response of fruit to ethylene was so slight, that the Fuyu fruit seemed to possess a similar characteristic to non-climacteric fruit. The flesh browning was however enhanced by ethylene treatment, although any significant increment of phenolic content or PPO activity in flesh tissue was not detected. Ethylene induced not only increasing of ion leakage from fruit tissue, but the fatty acids extracted from ethylene-treated fruit tissue were also more saturated. It was suggested that ethylene be related in the changing of membrane permeablity via saturating of fatty acid in membrane lipid. That could result in increased leakage of vacuole-stored phenolic compounds, which oxidized further by PPO to cause fruit flesh to brown.