유채(Brassica napus L.)는 주로 기름을 생산하기 위해 제주도를 비롯한 남부지방에서 재배되어 왔다. 유채는 전초를 나물용 또는 청예사료용으로 이용하고, 종자는 착유하여 식용유와 바이오디젤용으로 이용하며, 부산물인 유채박은 가축사료와 유기질 비료로도 사용되는 용도가 다양한 작물이다. 최근에는 대규모 유채 경관단지 조성을 통한 지역자치단체의 홍보 및 관광수익 창출의 목적으로 남부지방 뿐만 아니라 서울 등 중부지방에서도 경관을 목적으로 유채 재배면적이 크게 증가하고 있어 경관용으로 적합한 유채 품종에 대한 요구가 증가하고 있다. 하지만 유채꽃의 색깔은 노란색으로 단순하기 때문에 경관효과를 높이기 위해서 꽃색의 다양화에 대한 요구가 높아지고 있다. 하얀색 꽃이 피는 경관용 유채 ‘중모 7003’은 국립식량과학원 바이오에너지작물연구소에서 1983년에 ‘Tower’를 모본으로 하고 ‘AB130’을 부본으로 교배하여 고정계통 ‘83025’을 양성하였고, 그 중 하얀색 꽃이 피는 개체를 선발하여 1984년부터 1990년까지 세대를 전개하면서 하얀색 꽃이 고정된 계통 ‘83025-B-1-1-2’를 선발하였다. ‘83025-B-1-1-2’은 2010~~2011(2년)에 걸친 생산력검정시험과 2012~2014(3년)에 걸친 지역적응시험 결과, 이형주의 발생이 없고 대비품종인 ‘한라’에 비해 내도복성과 내병성(균핵병)에 강하며 하얀색 꽃이 피어 경관용뿐만 아니라 바이오디젤용으로 적합하여, 중모7003 (Jungmo7003)으로 명명하였다. ‘중모7003’은 개화기(4월 16일)와 성숙기(6월5일)가 ‘한라’에 비해 5일 빠르다. 수량은 207kg/10a로 ‘한라’에 비해 6%가 적으나 개화 균일성이 좋고 하얀색 꽃이 피어 경관용으로 적합하다. 균핵병에는 강하나 도복저항성이 비교적 약하다. 기름함량(43.8%)과 올레인산 함량(68.4%)로 ‘한라’와 비슷하였고, 에루신산은 전혀 없고 글루코시놀레이트 함량은 1.94g/g으로 국제허용기준치인 3.0mg/g 이하이다.

With the increase in the frequency of the seismic activity in the territory of Korean Peninsula, the demand for seismic performance evaluation of existing buildings has appeared as well. In this research, a public building built in 1970s is evaluated by the Korea Infrastructure Safety Corporation guideline. As a result, this existing public building is evaluated to satisfy the life safety (LS) and the collapse prevention(CP) performance level that the KBC2009 demands for.

‘중모 7001’은 꽃이 커서 경관용으로 적합한 유채 신품종으로 1984년에 [(망운재래 × Bronowski) × Erra] × Tower를 모본으로 하고 ‘RS10’을 부본으로 인공교배하여 육성하였다. ‘중모 7001’의 엽형은 하부익상전렬, 엽색 및 줄기색은 녹색, 결각은 중간이며 꽃색은 황색, 종피색은 흑색이고, 꽃의 크기가 ‘한라유채’ 에 비하여 매우 커서 경관용으로 적합하다. ‘중모 7001’의 개화기(4월 17일)와 성숙기(6월 8일)는 ‘한라 유채’보다는 3일 정도 빠르며, 지역적응시험 결과, ‘중모 7001’ 의 수량은 10a당 259 kg로 ‘한라유채’에 비해 16% 증수되었다. ‘중모 7001’의 기름함량은 44.4%이고, 올레인산의 함량은 69.1%로 ‘한라유채’에 비하여 1.7% 높았으며, 구루코시노레이트 함량은 1.87 mg/g으로 국제허용기준치인 3.0 mg/g 이하였다. ‘중모 7001’의 재배적지는 전남, 전북, 경남 및 제주도를 포함하는 우리나라의 서남부지역이다.

유채(Brassica napus L.)는 오래 전부터 기름을 이용하기 위해 재배되어 왔으나, 최근에는 지역자치단체의 축제와 홍보를 목적으로 경관용 유채 재배가 증가하고 있다. 유채는 월동이 가능한 전남북, 경남, 제주도 등의 남부지방에 서 주로 재배되었으나 최근에는 구리, 삼척 등의 중부지방 지방자치단체에서도 하천의 고수부지와 공원 및 동계 유휴농지에 경관을 목적으로 유채를 재배하여 유채를 주제로 한 축제를 개최하여 관광객 유치, 지역사회홍보 및 농가소득증대를 유도하고 있다. 경관용 내도복성 유채 ‘중모 7002’은 농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 바이오에너지 작물센터에서 [(RS10 × Erra)×Tower]를 모본으로, ‘RS10’을 부본으로 인공교배하여 육성하였다. 1984년에 교배하 여 F1을 양성한 후 1985년과 1986년에 F1와 F2를 전개하여 집단으로 선발하였고, 1987년 F3 부터 1990년에 F6 까지 4년 동안 계통선발 과정을 거쳐 우량계통인 ‘목포116호’(84013-B-6-3-3-6)을 선발하였다. 선발한 ‘목포116호’를 2009년과 2010년에 전남 무안의 바이오에너지작물센터 포장에서 생산력검정시험을 실시한 후, 2011-2013년에 3 년 동안 무안(전남), 익산(전북), 진주(경남) 및 애월(제주) 등 4개 지역에서 유채 고정 품종인 ‘한라유채’와 비교하 여 지역적응시험을 실시한 결과, 이형주가 발견되지 않아 품종으로서 균일성 요건을 충족하여 안정성을 갖춘 것 으로 판단되어 ‘중모7002’ (Jungmo7002)으로 명명하였고, 국립종자관리원에 품종보호출원(출원 2014-221)을 마 쳤다. ‘중모7002’ 기존 유채 고정품종인 ‘한라’에 비해 개화균일성이 우수하고 내도복성과 내병성(균핵병)에 강하 여 바이오디젤 및 경관용으로 적합하다.

Characteristics of agronomy, especially good yield productivity is very important in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) as human food crop. Development of elite cultivar having good traits is required for food stability. In 2013, a new wheat line called Iksan370 has been developed by the National Institute of Crop Science, RDA. Iksan370 has hard red winter wheat characteristics and better features like resistance to biotic, abiotic stress and higher yield ability than Keumkang. Heading and maturing date were delayed about ten days and period to flowering date was shorter three or four days than Keumkang. Culm and spike length of Iksan370 were 95cm and 15.3cm, averagely. This means that culm and spike length were longer than Keumkang (79cm and 7cm, respectively). It showed higher milling rate (75.5%), protein content (13.5%) and SDS-sedimentation volume (77.5ml) than Keumkang. Genotypes of six genes, GBSSA, B, D, PPO18, Pina and Pinb, were represented that were similar to Keumkang, respectively. Average yield of Iksan370 in the preliminary trial test was 6.61 tons/ha in upland. We expect that yield productivity and farm income were increased by Iksan370.

In relation with ‘affairs’ that become protecting objects of the affairs disturbance crime, there are pro and cons discussions about whether public affairs are included in the affairs in the crime centering on relations with ‘public affairs’ at the resisting arrest crime by chances of the harmonization judge in Supreme Court at 2009, but it is in situation of hardly finding out related discussions on ‘protecting values’ of the affairs actually. So, contrary features of judgment about existence of preventing values on the same affairs in practices become to be contacted frequently from lower and higher courts. Based on such awareness of issues, this study tries to look into attitudes of existing theories and judicial precedents on affairs’ protecting values in the affairs disturbance crime first, and then analyze them. And the study accentuates urgency of standard setting-up on affairs’ protecting values with bases of existing discussions, and investigates relations between public affairs and protecting values in the resisting arrest crime and legal nature of affairs disturbance crime for making a presupposition of discussions. After that, this study will review matters that have not to be corresponded to criminality which is prohibited by laws and objected to criminal penalties as affair requirements of becoming protecting objects from the affairs disturbance crime, have not antisocial nature to the extent of not being accepted at all from social norms, and shall take protecting values by the criminal law in relation with object judgments. Above discussions aim at minimizing illegitimacy that affects influences to judgments by contributing to systematic establishment of jurisprudence on affairs which become protecting values in the affairs disturbance crime.

Recently, study on the application of sustainable materials to building and civil structure fields has been increased. Especially, the usage of aluminum alloys can improve durability of structures due to it’s high corrosion resistance. In this study, to investigate the ultimate behaviors such as ultimate strength and fracture mode of single shear bolted connections with aluminum alloys (7075-T6), experiments were conducted. Main variables are bolt arrangement and end distance parallel to the direction of load. As a result, the specimens failed by shear out fracture and block shear fracture and also the specimens with long end distance were accompanied by curling (out of plane deformation). The curling led to reduction of ultimate strength or rigidity. Futhermore, pattern of strain distribution was investigated according to curling occurrence.

An intensive analysis of 148 timings of V700 Cyg was performed, including our new timings and 59 timings calculated from the super wide angle search for planets (SWASP) observations, and the dynamical evidence of the W UMa W subtype binary was examined. It was found that the orbital period of the system has varied over approximately 66y in two complicated cyclical components superposed on a weak upward parabolic path. The orbital period secularly increased at a rate of +8.7 (±3.4) × 10-9 day/year, which is one order of magnitude lower than those obtained by previous investigators. The small secular period increase is interpreted as a combination of both angular momentum loss (due to magnetic braking) and mass-transfer from the less massive component to the more massive component. One cyclical component had a 20.y3 period with an amplitude of 0.d0037, and the other had a 62.y8 period with an amplitude of 0.d0258. The components had an approximate 1:3 relation between their periods and a 1:7 ratio between their amplitudes. Two plausible mechanisms (i.e., the light-time effects [LTEs] caused by the presence of additional bodies and the Applegate model) were considered as possible explanations for the cyclical components. Based on the LTE interpretation, the minimum masses of 0.29 M⊙ for the shorter period and 0.50 M⊙ for the longer one were calculated. The total light contributions were within 5%, which was in agreement with the 3% third-light obtained from the light curve synthesis performed by Yang & Dai (2009). The Applegate model parameters show that the root mean square luminosity variations (relative to the luminosities of the eclipsing components) are 3 times smaller than the nominal value (ΔL/Lp,s ≈ 0.1), indicating that the variations are hardly detectable from the light curves. Presently, the LTE interpretation (due to the third and fourth stars) is preferred as the possible cause of the two cycling period changes. A possible evolutionary implication for the V700 Cyg system is discussed.

수온은 어류를 포함한 수중동물의 다양한 생물학적 사건에 영향을 미친다. 어류의 번식 및 발생도 수온의 변화와 밀접한 관련이 있다. 어류를 높은 수온에 노출시키면 HSP70 유전자 발현을 유도한다. 따라서, HSP70 유전자 발현을 효과적으로 차단할 수 있는 저해제의 개발은 온도에 민감한 생물학적 사건과 관련된 HSP70의 역할을 연구하는데 크게 기여할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 고온()에 노출된 틸라피아 자어와 치어(전장 10~13 cm)에서 천연 fla

It's crucial to control Alternaria blight and Anthracnose emerging mostly on ginseng leaves during the rainy season to increase the organic ginseng products. The purpose of this study is to investigate the efficay of lime-brodeaux spray on the ginseng leaves and evaluate the growth and yield of the ginseng, and the contents of ginsenoside and 70% ethanol extracts from 3-year-old ginseng variety, Cheonpoong. Lime-bordeaux sprayings were conducted in the ratio of 6-6 in June, 8-8 from July to September every 15 days. After June 10, the spraying have no effects on the growth leaf and stem, and there was no significant increase in chlorophyll contents. The ratio of intact leaf and root were distinctly increased because Alternaria blight and Anthracnose were decreased by spraying lime-bordeaux mixture. Root weight per plant and root yield were increased by 15%, and 62% in 3-year old ginseng, respectively, because the ratio of intact leaf and root were higher by using lime-bordeaux mixture. Furthermore, spraying of lime-bordeaux mixture is prone to increase the ratio of rusty root in ginseng. Spraying of lime-bordeaux mixture decreased both of the contents of ginsenoside and 70% ethanol extract by 13.7%, and 15.2% in 3-year-old ginseng, respectively.

This essay explores the theological view of the Early Church Fathers on the Septuagint. The Septuagint, commonly abbreviated LXX, was the first translation made of the Hebrew Bible into the Greek. Its origin of the translation is written in the Letter of Aristeas, a document that appeared in around 2C–3C B.C. The Torah was translated first, and other books of the Scripture including the Prophetic Books and Wisdom literature were included progressively. The Septuagint was the Bible used by Apostles and the early Christians. The use of the Greek Bible provided spiritual soil for the universal Christianity which successfully incorporated Jewish ideas into the teaching of Jesus in the Hellenistic settings. On the contrary, the Jewish religious leaders that would later form the Masorates rejected the value of the LXX as Canon by upholding only the Hebrew texts. In return, church fathers pointed out the intentional blurs of the Hebrew Old Testament, by claiming that, in the text, some of the passages representing the Messianic type of Jesus were altered or taken out. The essay analyses the writings of Justin the Martyr who defended the historical value of the letter of Aristeas and the supreme place of the Septuagint as Canon of the church. Irenaeus of Lyon also claimed the LXX as the Scripture of the “catholic” church. Most of the church Fathers including Clement of Alexandria supported the inspirational translation of the Septuagint, with firm faith on the legendary tradition gradually added to the Letter. While Origen was the first Christian scholar who compared the LXX with other translations including the Hebrew text then, it was Jerome who insisted canonical value of Hebrew text over the LXX. The outcome was his Latin Vulgate. Augustine, however, persistently opposed Jerome’s translation and use of the Hebrew text. The essay focuses mainly on the debates between the bishop of Hippo and the hermit of Bethlehem.

Previously, we obtained the list of genes differentially expressed between GV and MII oocytes. Out of the list, we focused on functional analysis of Zap70 in the present study, because it has been known to be expressed only in immune cells. This is the first report about the expression and its function of Zap70 in the oocytes. Synthetic 475 bp Zap70 dsRNA was microinjected into the GV oocytes, and the oocytes were cultured in vitro. In addition to maturation rates, meiotic spindle and chromosome rearrangements, and changes in expression levels of transcripts of three kinases, Erk1/2, JNK, and p38, were determined. Zap70 is highly expressed in immature GV oocytes, and gradually decreased as oocyte matured. When dsRNA of Zap70 was injected into the GV oocytes, Zap70 mRNA specifically and completely decreased by 2 hr and its protein expression also decreased significantly. Absence of Zap70 resulted in maturation inhibition at meiosis I (57%) with abnormalities in meiotic spindle formation and chromosome rearrangement. Concurrently, mRNA expression of Erk2, JNK, and p38, were affected by Zap70 RNAi. Therefore, we concluded that Zap70 is involved in MI-MII transition by affecting expression of MAP kinases.

George Frideric Handel has been regarded as a pious composer for his work, Messiah. An examination of textual studies of Handel’s work, Aci, Galateae Polifemo, however, explores how the texts of the work are built by notions of sexuality and sexual identity. Handel’s work features a story of a love triangle–a boy, his lover and one‐eyed Cyclops–that erupts into violence, murder, and unexpected transformation of the characters at the end. Throughout the drama the boy is passive, nevertheless, Galatea, the boy’s lover, mirrors the male identity. The music of the work also contains some unique characteristics revealing transformation in terms of physical and mental changes of the characters. Consideration was also given to Handel’s journey to Italy, because the composer’s Italian experience can be viewed as part of the cultural, historical, literary context of Handel’s time. This paper will show how Handel's text layers the thoughts, political and religions influences, and sexual codes of the composer's days

노화 과정 중에 일어나는 extracellular matrix (ECM)의 변성은 피부의 주름과 탄력 감소를 유발한다. 현재까지 항노화의 주요 타겟은 metalloproteases 혹은 콜라겐이나 엘라스틴같은 구조 단백질에 집중되어 있지만, 최근 세포와 ECM 단백질(콜라겐, 피브릴린, 파이브로넥틴) 간의 상호작용이 세포의 생존과 증식, 조직의 재건에 중요한 역할을 한다고 알려졌다. 파이브로넥틴은 다른 ECM 단백질이나 인테그린 같은 세포 표면 수용체와 결합할 수 있는 부위를 가진 부착 단백질이다. 최근 보고에 따르면 세린 프로티아제들에 의해 분해된 파이프로넥틴 조각이 골아세포에서 MMPs 발현을 증가시킨다. 그러나 파이브로넥틴 조각의 사람 피부에서의 역할은 보고된 바 없다. 본 연구에서는 노인의 피부에서 파이브로넥틴 조각이 현저히 증가되어 있으며, 섬유아세포에 파이브로넥틴 조각을 처리하였을 시, MMP-1의 발현과 MMP-2의 활성이 증가한다는 것을 입증하였다. 이 결과는 파이브로넥틴 조각이 피부 노화를 유발하는 새로운 인자일 가능성을 제시하고 있다.