The inseparability, one of service specific characteristics, often makes it necessary and possible for customers to participate in service production and delivery process as partial employees or contributors. As customer participation may enhance or degrade the quality of services and customers’ satisfaction, many researchers have paid much attention to the concept of customer participation. Analogous to the typical classification of service employee behaviors, previous research typically categorized customer participation behaviors into customer participation behaviors and citizenship behaviors. Furthermore, past research showed that both types of customer behaviors significantly affect perceived service quality and satisfaction. However, the many criteria past research has used to classify customer participation behaviors lack conceptual rigor and generalizability beyond the specific types of services for which the criteria have been developed. The lack of conceptual rigor and consistency in classification criteria caused much confusion and incongruencies in empirical findings reported in the current customer participation behavior literature, depending on which specific criteria the researcher choose and on the specific type of service studied. Thus, it is important to develop a classification system of customer participation behaviors which is solid and generalizable to many types of services. This study proposes a customer participation behavior classification system which categorizes customer participation behaviors depending on 1) whether a customer behavior is essential and indispensable in the service production process and/or not and 2) whether a customer behavior is conducted voluntarily or upon requests by service employees. Based on the two criteria, the proposed system identifies five types of customer participation behaviors. Furthermore, this study examines whether the five types of customer participation behaviors affect the two dimensions of perceived service quality - outcome quality and process quality (Grönroos1984) and customers’ satisfaction with service experiences. Data for this study are collected through a survey of adult Korean consumers. Major findings of the study can be summarized as follows. First, increasing the level of each of the five types of customer participation behaviors affects perceived service outcome quality, perceived service process quality, and satisfaction. Second, the relative impact of each type of customer participation behavior varies by the types of participating customer’s personality and depending on whether a service is outcome-oriented or process-oriented type. Finally, the actual impact of each type of participation behaviors on perceived service quality and satisfaction varies according to what customers expect when they perform the behaviors.

Will information from astroturf organizations affect people’s trust toward overall nonprofit organizations and willingness to engage in prosocial behaviors? Astroturf organizations are defined as “fake grassroots organizations animated by a clever public relations campaign and a huge budget” (Hoggan and Littlemore 2009). In other words, an astroturf organization hides its true identity by using rhetorical language to convince the public. It can be inferred that large corporations sponsor astroturf organizations to employ deceptive and fraudulent tactics as propaganda. Prior research on astroturf organizations for climate change shows that people exposed to information from astroturf organizations denying global warming tend to become more uncertain about climate issues (e.g., causes of global warming or the existence of global warming) than people exposed to information from grassroots organizations (Cho et al. 2011). We propose that information from astroturf organizations may affect not only relevant issues or organizations, but also nonprofit organizations in general, which can then lower people's willingness to engage in prosocial behaviors (e.g., donations and volunteering). Darke and Ritchie (2007) found that deceptive advertisements engender distrust and undermine the trustworthiness of subsequent advertising. The process of defensive stereotyping can explain how initial deception activates general skepticism regarding advertising. Based on such an explanation, we suggest that exposure to astroturf organizations can make consumers more logically defensive and can decrease their trust toward messages from other nonprofit organizations. Therefore, we hypothesize that people who read messages from astroturf organizations will be more distrustful toward nonprofit organizations and will display lower willingness to engage in prosocial behaviors than people who read messages from grassroots organizations. To test this hypothesis, we conducted an experiment. We used a one-factor design with two levels of organization types (astroturf vs. grassroots). Participants (N = 72) were randomly assigned to one of the two conditions. Participants were told that they would read a message captured from a website of an organization (astroturf vs. grassroots) working on global warming. After viewing the advertisement, participants completed a questionnaire measuring their trust toward nonprofit organizations in general and willingness to engage in prosocial behaviors. We assessed whether viewing the advertisement from the astroturf organization had an impact on participants' trust toward nonprofit organizations and their willingness to engage in prosocial behaviors. An analysis of variance (ANOVA), with trust toward nonprofit organizations as the dependent variable and the type of organization as the independent variable, yielded a significant effect (F = 4.38, p < .05). The results showed that participants who viewed the advertisement from the astroturf organization were more likely to be distrustful of nonprofit organizations than those who viewed the advertisement from the grassroots organization (Mastroturf = 4.14, SD = 1.48 vs. Mgrassroots = 4.80, SD = 1.16). Thus, astroturf organizations may not only confuse people about a specific issue that the respective astroturf organizations aimed to attack, but they can also significantly weaken people's trust toward nonprofit organizations in general, which suggests severe detriment for the entire society. In addition, exposure to the message from an astroturf organization appeared to have an impact on people's willingness to engage in prosocial behaviors (F = 4.77, p < .05). To be specific, people who viewed the advertisement from the astroturf organization indicated that they were less likely to engage in prosocial behaviors, compared to those who viewed the advertisement from the grassroots organization (Mastroturf = 3.11, SD = .63 vs. Mgrassroots = 3.48, SD = .77). Taken as a whole, this research suggests that messages from astroturf organizations can frequently engender people’s distrust toward nonprofit organizations and can lower their willingness to engage in prosocial behaviors. Our results extend prior research demonstrating that information from astroturf organizations affects people’s trust and certainty levels regarding one specific issue (Cho et al. 2011) and suggest that the effects of exposure to astroturf messages are not limited to a specific issue. Rather, the effects can be far-reaching and diverse, since such messages can evoke skepticism toward benign intentions and programs of nonprofit organizations. Given that the insidious use of astroturf organizations is growing in popularity, this research provides meaningful insights into the influence of fake grassroots organizations and can forewarn the public of their undesirable effects on the community.

In this paper, we study the effectiveness of social labeling as a technique to promote pro-environmental behaviors in children, and examine more specifically the potential moderating effect of children’s age. We run an experiment on a sample of 115 3rd to 6th grade children and show that 1/ children exposed to a social labeling actually declare more pro-environmental behaviors and that 2/ children at an intermediate age (between 9 years and a half and 11 years and a half) are the most responsive to the technique, underlying an inverted-U relationship between social labeling effectiveness and children's age. These results contribute to a better theoretical understanding of social labeling mechanisms and suggest implications for public policy makers.

Aim of this study is to investigate the nutrition knowledge, dietary behaviors, and dietary habits by the gender in high school students in Chungnam province. Girls students had a higher score than boys students for nutritional knowledge, not in the significant difference. However, boys students had a higher score for dietary behaviors than girls students. Dietary habits showed a significant difference in the unbalanced food habit and eating speed by the gender, and the eating speed of boys students was faster than that of girls students. For boys students, the nutritional knowledge and dietary behaviors did not have the significant correlation. Otherwise, girls students had the positive correlation between the nutritional knowledge and dietary behaviors, and had the characteristics of behaviors that the higher the nutritional knowledge score, the better eating habit. In addition, the boys and girls students had the positive correlation between the score of nutritional knowledge and the frequency of breakfast, and the score of nutritional knowledge and the frequency/regularity of breakfast, respectively. Because some dietary habits/behaviors are related closely to their nutritional knowledge, the high school students need the systematic and steady nutritional education to apply their known nutritional knowledge to actual life.

The purposes of this study were to categorize of pro-environmental clothing purchasing and disposal behaviors and to identify impacts of health and environment consciousness on pro-environmental clothing purchase and disposal behaviors. The subjects were homemakers (n=381), and they were segmented into LOHAS group, environment conscious group, unconscious group, and wellbeing group according to their health and environment consciousness. Older homemakers were included in LOHAS group and environment conscious group. And these homemakers performed pro-environmental clothing purchasing and disposal behaviors better than wellbeing group or unconscious group. Health consciousness was positively related with the second-hand clothing purchasing and recycling. Environment consciousness was positively related with clothing made with organic, natural or functional materials, or the second-hand clothing purchasing, and recycling of the second-hand clothing. There was a need to develop continuing education programs to strengthen homemakers' health and environment consciousness, or to upgrade their pro-environmental clothing purchase and disposal behaviors.

This paper examines how learning orientation and self-efficacy contributed to explaining innovation behaviors. In order to verify the relationships and mediating effect, data were collected from 368 individuals in employees working in small and medium-sized firms at Gyeongnam region to test theoretical model and its hypotheses. All data collected from the survey were analyzed using with SPSS 18.0. This study reports findings as follows: first, the relationship between the learning orientation and the employee's self-efficacy is positively related. Second, there was also a positive correlation between the employee's self-efficacy and the innovation behaviors. Third, the relationship between the learning orientation and the innovation behaviors is positively related. Finally, the employee's self-efficacy played as a partial mediator on the relationship between learning orientation and innovation behaviors. Based on these findings, the implications and the limitations of the study were presented including some directions for future studies.

학교생활을 하는 아이들을 보면 자신의 꿈을 위해 특기와 소질을 개발하기보다 점수 위주의 학업에 집중하는 모습이 대부분이고, 즐거운 학교생활을 위해 원만한 대인관계보다 자신만 아는 이기적인 생활태도를 나타내며 나아가 정서적 불안한 상태에 이르고 있다. 따라서 전인적 성장을 무엇보다 교육의 근본으로 여기고 있는 2009 개정 교육과정을 바탕으로 정서지능 향상 프로그램과 다양한 현장체험활동을 활용하여 자기 인식과 표현 능력, 감정이입 능력, 정서조절 및 대인관계 능력을 길러, 주위의 친구들을 배려하고 어려운 이웃을 생각하며 나누는 마음을 함양하고자 하였다. 이러한 환경에서 연구자는 무엇보다 우선적으로 자신의 감정을 조절하는 능력, 즉 안정적인 정서가 필요하다고 보았다. 따라서 안정적인 정서를 기르기 위해 정서지능 향상 프로그램을 활용한 배려와 나눔을 함양하였다.

This study was carried out to investigate the consumption behaviors of environmentally-friendly agricultural products, including satisfaction of purchases. Questionnaires completed consumers were statistically analyzed. Regarding purchase frequencies of environmentally-friendly agricultural and animal products, consumers consumed them 1 time per month. No significant differences in consumption by age, living area, family type, or BMI were found. Exactly 38.2% of consumers preferred to purchase items in the packing amount of 0.2-0.5 kg, whereas 39.7% of consumers preferred amounts from 0.5-1.0 kg. Significant differences in packing amount were found according to age (p<0.05) and family type (p<0.01). However, there were no significant differences according to living area or BMI group. Many consumers made decisions based on the outer packing label (69.6%). Significant differences by age and living area were not found, whereas there was significant difference according to family type (p<0.05). Consumers answered that they purchased products in a general supermarket (24.7%) and cooperative (24.2%). Significant differences were found by age and living area (p<0.01) but not by family type. Consumer satisfaction of purchases scored 3.39 out of 5 points. In conclusion, significant differences in consumer satisfaction were not found according to age, living area, family type, or BMI.

Activated carbon nanofibers(ACNF) were prepared from polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based nanofibersusing CO2 activation methods with varying activation process times. The surface and structural characteristics of the ACNF were observed by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction, respectively. N2 adsorption isotherm characteristics at 77 K were con-firmedby Brunauer-Emmett-Teller and Dubinin-Radushkevich equations. As experimental results, many holes or cavernous structures were found on the fibersurfaces after the CO2 activation as confirmedby scanning electron microscopy analysis. Specificsurface areas and pore volumes of the prepared ACNFs were enhanced within a range of 10 to 30 min of acti-vation times. Performance of the porous PAN-based nanofibersas an electrode for electrical double layer capacitors was evaluated in terms of the activation conditions.

In this work, nanocomposites of epoxy resin and chemically reduced graphene oxide (RGO) were prepared by thermal curing process. X-ray diffractions confirmed the microstructural properties of RGO. Differential scanning calorimetry was used to evaluate the curing behaviors of RGO/epoxy nanocomposites with different RGO loading amounts. We investigated the effect of RGO loading amounts on the mechanical properties of the epoxy nanocomposites. It was found that the presence of RGO improved both flexural strength and modulus of the epoxy nanocomposites till the RGO loading reached 0.4 wt%, and then decreased. The optimum loading achieved about 24.5 and 25.7% improvements, respectively, compared to the neat-epoxy composites. The observed mechanical reinforcement might be an enhancement of mechanical interlocking between the epoxy matrix and RGO due to the unique planar structures.

The main objective of this study was to investigate the effects of physical self-efficacy of adolescents who joined a school sports club on school violence bullying behaviors. For this purpose, the subjects in this study were 276 students in junior high schools and 154 students in high schools located in Cheonan-si and Gongju-si, Chungcheongnam-do in 2013. Questionnaires on physical self-efficacy factors used in studies by Moon Jin (2008), Seo Cha-Won (2012) and Park Yoon-Kee (2013) and on school violence bullying behavior factors by Do Gie-Bong (2007), Park Jae-Suk (2008), Kim Min-Jeong (2010) and Lee Se-Mi (2013) were used as a research tool with the addition of modification and supplement after verifying the suitability of the component content and items according to expert advice for the purposes of this study. The collected data were computerized using SPSS Statistics were analyzed by applying a descriptive statistical analysis, one-way ANOVA and multiple regression analysis for analytical purposes. The following results were obtained: First, this study examined differences in the physical self-efficacy according to the demographic characteristics. In gender, female students showed a significantly higher physical self-presentation confidence, a sub-factor of the physical self-efficacy, than male students. However, there was no significant difference in perceived physical ability, another sub-factor. In school level, the junior high schools showed higher perceived physical ability and physical self-presentation confidence than the high schools, but they were not statistically significant. Both in perceived physical ability and physical self-presentation confidence, the physical self-efficacy according to the type of sports club was high in individual, interpersonal and group exercises, in descending order, but they were not statistically significant. Both in perceived physical ability and physical self-presentation confidence, the physical self-efficacy according to the physical education grade was high in lower, middle and upper classes, in descending order, but they were not statistically significant. Second, this study examined differences in the school violence bullying behaviors according to the demographic characteristics. In gender, male students showed a higher harassment, verbal-psychological abuse, and bullying, sub-factors of the school violence bullying behaviors. In particular, there were significant differences in the verbal-psychological abuse. In school level, the high schools showed higher harassment and verbal-psychological abuse than the junior high schools as a difference in other school violence bullying behaviors, but they were not statistically significant. The junior high schools showed higher harassment than the high schools, but this was also not statistically significant. Both in the harassment and verbal-psychological abuse, the differences in the school violence bullying behaviors according to the type of sports club were high in individual, interpersonal and group exercises, in descending order, but all of them were not statistically significant. In the harassment, the differences in the school violence bullying behaviors were high in upper, lower and middle classes, in descending order. In the verbal-psychological abuse, the differences in the school violence bullying behaviors were high in middle class and showed the same value in upper and lower classes, but all of them were not statistically significant. Third, this study examined the effects of the adolescent physical self-efficacy on the school violence bullying behaviors. The results showed that the physical self-representation confidence a sub-factor of the physical self-efficacy had a statistically significant effect on the harassment verbal-psychological abuse and bullying. Although the perceived physical ability as another factor had a significant effect on the harassment verbal-psychological abuse and bullying, it was not statistically significant. Based on the above conclusions, the gender showed significant differences in the adolescent physical self-efficacy and school violence bullying behaviors, and the school violence bullying behaviors also increased in the proportion of the physical self-presentation confidence, a sub-factor of the physical self-efficacy. It is considered that this has caused an unexpected negative result the school violence bullying behaviors due to the absence of the system that students can positively release their passionate energy in the current school system. Therefore, it is considered that schools and related organizations should make efforts from various perspectives so that adolescent passion strength and energy from the physical self-efficacy can be released not in the school violence bullying behaviors but in healthy and desirable physical activities and sports participation as a method to reduce the school violence bullying behaviors of adolescent students with high physical self-efficacy.

The purpose of this research was to explore whether playing self-hygiene serious game has any effect on the knowledge, self-efficacy, and behavior related to self-hygiene of young children. Three children, ages 5 and 6, all male, participated in this study. Three children were observed for one, two, and three weeks before game play. After this baseline period, the children were given a game titled Parasite Wars, in which the children have to kill the parasites to get healthy, to play for one week. After the initial exposure to the game, the children were observed during one week of game play for self-hygiene behavior. Also, immediately before and after the week of game-play, children were tested on knowledge and self-efficacy related to self-hygiene. Results indicate that all children improved in knowledge and self-efficacy after the gameplay. Numbers of voluntary hand-wash increased after initial exposure to the game for all three children. The numbers of verbal facilitation for hand-wash all decreased with game-play.

베이비붐 세대는 현재와 미래에 영향력 있는 주 소비계층 으로 기존 노인세대와는 차별화된 식행동을 보이고, 다양한 라이프스타일로 새로운 시장을 형성할 것으로 예측되는 바, 본 연구에서는 예비노년층인 50대 베이비부머 세대 여성들 을 대상으로 현재의 건강과 생활습관, 식습관 상태, 그리고 식생활 행동 양식 및 미래 식생활 요구도를 조사, 분석하였 다. 본 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 조사 대상자의 평균 연령은 52.6±2.3세이었고, 대부분 고 졸 학력(63.1%)에 핵가족 형태(76.1%)를 이루고 있었으며, 58.8% 가 아파트에 거주하고 있었다. 전업주부는 39.0%이었고, 29.7% 가 종일제 직장을 갖고 있었으며, 한 달 수입은 200만 원 미 만이라고 응답한 사람들이 44.3%로 가장 많았다. 현재의 삶 에 대해 8.1%만이 불만족하다고 응답하였고, 스트레스 정도는 75.6%가 약간만 느낀다고 하여 스트레스가 매우 심하거나(11.5%), 거의 없다(12.9%)는 비율보다 훨씬 많았다. 2. 조사 대상자들의 BMI는 59.0%가 정상군이었으나, 38.2% 가 체중 과다 및 비만으로 평가되었다. 현재 응답자의 2.8% 만이 흡연을 하고 있었고, 비음주자가 63.0%로서 음주 및 흡 연률은 높지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 과반수에 가까운 42.9%의 응답자는 규칙적인 운동을 하고 있지 않다고 하였 고, 정기적으로 건강검진을 받고 있다고 응답한 사람은 78.0% 이었다. 3. 식생활 습관을 평가한 결과, 100점 기준 본 조사 대상자 의 평균 점수는 70.6±11.8점으로 ‘보통’군에 속하였다. 식습 관 점수는 교육 수준(p<0.01), 소득 수준(p<0.01), 가족 형태 (p<0.05), 삶의 만족도(p<0.001), 스트레스 정도(p<0.001)에 따 라 유의적인 차이를 보였다. 또한 건강 및 생활습관 요인 중 흡연(p<0.05)과 음주(p<0.05), 규칙적 운동 실시 여부(p<0.001), 정기적인 건강검진 유무(p<0.05), 수면시간(p<0.05)과 관계가 있어 건강한 생활습관을 가진 사람들의 경우, 식습관 점수가 유의적으로 더 높았다. 4. 하루 3끼 결식률은 아침, 점심, 저녁식사 각각 18.2%, 1.1%, 5.2%이었다. 외식 빈도는 월 1~3회(32.4%)와 주 1~2회 (28.5%)라는 응답이 많았다. 식재료 구매 횟수는 55.7%가 1주 에 1~2회 정도라고 하였으며, 주로 구매하는 물품은 채소와 과일, 육류와 같은 식재료로서(79.6%), 응답자의 84.0%가 직 접 집에서 반찬을 만들고 있었다. 가정 내에서 식사를 준비하 는 사람은 주부 본인인 경우가 91.3%로 가장 많았고, 평균 식 사 준비시간은 1시간 내외이었다. 5. 미래 식생활 요구 형태를 조사하였던 바, 나이가 들면서 가장 어려울 것으로 예상되는 가사일인 식사 준비(49.4%)가 문제가 되는 이유는, 조리하기가 점점 귀찮아지기 때문(55.2%) 이었으며, 향후 노인이 되었을 때는 46.4%만이 본인들이 직 접 조리하여 먹겠다고 하였다. 실버타운을 포함한 노인복지 시설에서의 급식에 대하여 영양사가 계획한 건강한 음식이 고(40.7%), 식사 준비에서 해방될 수 있을 것이라는(36.3%) 긍 정적인 반응이 있던 반면, 시설급식을 원하지 않는 이유는 노 인복지시설에서 살고 싶지 않거나(48.8%), 시설급식이 맛이 없을 것이라는 선입견도 31.3%나 되었다. 국이나 반찬 배달 전문업체에 대한 인지도 조사 결과, 조사 대상자의 60.1%는 이미 알고 있었고, 응답자의 39.9%가 향후 이러한 배달식업 체로부터 국이나 반찬을 정기적으로 배달하여 먹을 의향이 있다고 하였으며, 학력이 높을수록 배달식을 이용하겠다는 경향이 높았다(p<0.05). 배달식업체를 이용할 경우, 국과 반찬 모두 구입하겠다는 응답자는 33.3%이었고, 가능한 지출금액 은 38.9%가 10~15만 원을, 26.8%는 5~10만 원이라고 응답하 였다. 배달식을 이용할 경우 고려하는 사항으로는 위생(43.7%), 영양(28.7%), 맛(18.4%), 가격(6.3%), 회사의 인지도(2.9%) 순 으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과들을 종합해볼 때 베이비붐 세대는 경제발전 과 건강 및 교육 수준의 향상, 그리고 이에 따른 사회․문화 적 욕구의 상승 등으로 인해 식생활 형태에서 기존의 노령 세대와는 다름을 알 수 있었다. 일례로 본 연구에서 지적되었 듯이 많은 응답자가 식사 준비를 귀찮아하고 있음에 따라 외 식을 하거나, 편이식품을 구입하여 집에서 간단히 조리해 먹 겠다는 경향을 보이고 있다. 가족관계 및 사회경제적인 다양 한 요인들로 인해 가정 내 식생활 패턴이 변화되고 있는 것이 다. 이러한 라이프스타일의 변화에 맞추어 가정에서 짧은 시 간에 간편하게 조리할 수 있는 가공식품이나 반찬 전문 서비 스 사업, 조리에 대한 부담과 시간을 덜어주는 배달 메뉴의 이용은 앞으로 새로운 트렌드를 형성해 나갈 것으로 전망된 다. 현재 노년 여성과 현 중년 여성의 이러한 여러 상황의 차 이를 고려하고, 베이비붐 세대의 식생활 가치 및 식생활 행동 에 초점을 맞추어, 고령화시대에 중요한 위치에 있지만 상대 적으로 연구가 이루어지지 않은 이들 세대에 대한 적절한 식 생활 모델의 개발이 이루어져야 한다고 사료된다.

본 연구는 여대생들의 유방암 검진의도를 높이기 위한 심리적 결정요인을 살펴 보고자 하였으며 , 이를 위해 건강신념모델을 구성하는 4개의 신념변인들 (지 각된 이익성, 지각된 민감성, 지각된 심각성, 지각된 장애성 )이 유방암 검진의도에 미 치는 영향을 살펴보았다 . 첫째, 지각된 이익성은 유방암 검진의도에 직접적인 영향을 주는 예측변인으로 확인되었으나 , 지각된 민감성과 지각된 심각성, 지각된 장애성은 유방암 검진의도에 직접적인 영향을 미치지 못하였다 . 둘째, 사회적 지지를 구성하는 변인들(친구지지 , 가족지지 , 타인지지 )이 자기효능감에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다 . 그 결과, 친구지지는 자기효능감에 직접적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고 , 가족지지와 타인지지도 자기효능감을 높이는데 영향을 미치는 요인으로 밝혀졌다 . 셋째, 유방암 검진과 관련 자기효능감이 유방암 검진의도에 미치는 영향을 살펴본 결과, 자기효능감 은 유방암 검진의도에 직접적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다 .

본 논문에서는 소셜 네트워크가 유발한 스트레스가 소비자의 대처행동에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 이에 대학생 219명을 대상으로 쇼셜 쇼핑 상황을 가정하여 소셜 네트워크 내에서 겪은 스트레스가 쇼셜 쇼핑의 광고반응으로 수립된 소비자의 대처행동(적극적 대처, 정서적 지지, 부인)에 및 구매의도에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 분석결과, 쇼셜 네트워크 스트레스는 소비자의 대처행동 중 적극적인 대처와 정서적 지지, 부인에는 정(+)의 영향을 주었다. 그리고 대처행동 중 적극적인 대처와 정서적 지지는 구매의도에 정(+)의 영향을 주었으며 부인은 부(-)의 영향을 주었다. 그러나 쇼셜 네트워크 스트레스가 구매의도에 주는 영향은 비유의적이었다. 한편 연결의 강도차원에서 쇼셜 쇼핑 상황 내에서 추천인과의 관계가 스트레스에서 대처행동의 경로에 미치는 조절효과를 살펴보았는데, 지인추천과 파워블로거 추천은 비유의적이었으나 MD 추천의 경우 부분적으로 스트레스와 대처행동의 경로 상에서 유의미한 영향을 주었다. 이와 같은 결과를 토대로 이론적, 실무적 제언을 하였다.

The purpose of this study is to determine the correlations between problematic behaviors and activities of daily living(ADL) targeting 106 demented elderly people hospitalized in a geriatric hospital. To examine the cognitive function of the subjects, the study used Korean Mini Mental State Examination(K-MMSE). For problematic behaviors and ADL, the study collected data based on Patient Assessment Forms in the geriatric hospital. Among problematic behaviors, apathy/indifference had the highest correlation with the items of ADL. Irritability/lability, agitation/aggression, depression/ dysphoria, night-time behavior and wandering also showed to be correlated to items of ADL(p<.05). This study demonstrated that cognitive function, problematic behaviors and ADL of the demented elderly hospitalized in the geriatric hospital are correlated to each other.