본 연구에서는 화장품 신소재 개발을 위해 한의약적 포제법을 적용하여 흰점박이꽃무지 추출물을 제조하 고 포제방법에 따른 항염 및 미백활성을 평가하였다. 모든 실험은 생(生), 1회 초법(炒法), 2회 초법(炒法), 3회 초법(炒法), 증법(蒸法)을 적용한 흰점박이꽃무지를 이용하였다. 각 포제법을 적용한 흰점박이꽃무지의 용매별 (80% 에탄올, 50% 에탄올, 에틸아세테이트, 헥산) 추출물에 대한 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) 라디칼 소거 활성은 각각 85.5, 22.4, 37.0 및 19.4%의 효과를 나타내었다. 따라서 이후의 실험은 항산화 활성 이 가장 큰 80% 에탄올 추출물을 이용하였다. 포제법을 적용한 흰점박이꽃무지 추출물과 포제법을 적용하지 않은 추출물 모두 농도 의존적으로 항산화능을 나타냈으며, 500 μ g/mL 농도에서 포제법을 적용한 3회 초법 및 증법은 superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like 활성이 각각 62.9 및 55.9%를 나타냈다. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)로 염증이 유도된 RAW 264.7 세포에 포제법을 적용한 흰점박이꽃무지 추출물을 처리하였을 때, LPS를 단독으로 처리한 양성 대조군보다 포제법을 적용하지 않은 흰점박이꽃무지 추출물(38.0%), 1회 초법(41.0%), 2회 초법(69.8%), 3회 초법(70.1%), 증법(78.5%) 순으로 염증 매개물질인 NO･ 생성이 유의적으로 감소하였 다. 세포 내 tyrosinase 저해 활성 및 멜라닌 생합성 저해 효과를 확인한 결과, 농도 의존적으로 tyrosinase 저해 활성 및 멜라닌 생성 억제 활성을 나타내었다. 포제하지 않은 흰점박이꽃무지 추출물은 500 μ g/mL 농도에 서 α-MSH만 처리한 대조군과 비교하여 멜라닌 생합성을 90.7% 감소시켰다. 이상의 결과들은 항염이나 미백 활성이 있는 화장품 소재 개발에 포제법을 적용할 수 있음을 시사한

카바(Piper methysticum, P. methysticum)는 비뇨생식기 질환, 류머티즘, 위장 장애, 호흡기 자극 및 폐 통증에 대해 전통적으로 사용되는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 카바에서 분리된 flavokavain C (FKC)가 염증성 유전자의 발현에 관여하는 전사인자인 핵요소-κB (NF-κB) 의존성 산화 질소(NO) 생산 및 산화 질소 합성 효소(iNOS)의 발현에 리포폴리사카라이드(LPS) 처리된 대식세포에서 항 염증 활성을 나타 낸다는 것을 확인하였다. FKC는 과산화수소와 같은 반응성 산소 종(ROS)의 축적을 억제하고, LPS로 유도된 NO 생성 및 각종 염증 관련 유전자(iNOS, IL-1β, IL-6)의 발현을 NF-κB 및 MAPKs (ERK 및 JNK)의 억제를 통해 농도 의존적으로 줄일 수 있었다. 결론적으로, 이러한 결과는 FKC가 NF-κB 경로와 MAPKs 포 함한 염증 프로세스를 억제하는 능력을 가지고 있음을 나타내며, 이는 항 염증 및 항산화 효능 기반 기능성 화장 품에 적용될 수 있음을 암시한다.

Background: Salvia has been widely cultivated for use in flavoring and folk medicines in many countries, including Korea and China. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory activity and the underlying active compounds of Salvia extract and its fractions.Methods and Results: The anti-inflammatory activity was measured by assessing the inhibition of cysteinyl leukotriene production in rat basophilic leukemia (RBL)-2H3 mast cells. Salvia plebeia R. Br. was found to have the most potent inhibitory activity on leukotriene production than S. japonica and S. chanroenica had. Fifty percent ethanol extracts of S. plebeia R. Br. were successively partitioned with n-hexane, methylene chloride, ethyl acetate, 1-butanol and water. The ethyl acetate (EtOAc) fraction showed stronger anti-inflammatory activity than other solvent fractions did. The EtOAc fraction was subjected to silica gel column chromatography elution with a chloroform and methanol gradient system (100 : 1 → 1 : 1) yielding 10 fractions. Three kinds of fractions (chloroform:methanol = 20 : 1, 10 : 1 and 5 : 1) showed high inhibitory activity on leukotriene production. We confirmed the major compounds with anti-inflammatory activity from S. plebeia R. Br.Conclusions: In this study, the major components of S. plebeia that showed leukotriene production inhibitory activity were isolated using solvent extraction and silica gel column chromatography. Rosmarinic acid, hispidulin and luteolin were identified as the major compounds with anti-inflammatory effect.

Background : Tooth vitality is reflected by the health of dental pulp. Schisandrin C is a natural compound extracted from the fruit of Schisandra chinensis which has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties. The role of Schisandrin C on human dental pulp cells (HDPCs) has not been studied yet. This study examined the properties of Schisandrin C as an anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant compound, and whether its characteristics promote mitochondrial biogenesis in HDPCs. Methods and Results : HDPCs were extracted from fresh third molars and cultured. Reactive oxidative stress (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) formation were analyzed by a Muse cell analyzer. Western blotting and gelatin zymography were used to identify the presence of anti-oxidants, as well as inflammatory and mitochondrial biogenesis. Confocal microscopy was used for the detection of mitochondrial activity. Schisandrin C inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated inflammatory molecules; intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 (MMP-2/9), NO production, ROS formation and the mitogen-activated protein (MAPK) pathway through minimizing the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) translocation. Schisandrin C increased the expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes as well as heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1a) through the phosphorylated-protein kinase B (p-AKT) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 (Nrf-2) pathways. The anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties of Schisandrin C promoted mitochondrial biogenesis. Conclusions : These results suggest that Schisandrin C may be used as an anti-inflammatory compound to reduce oral inflammation such as pulpitis.

Background : Astilboides tabularis (Hemsl.) Engl. is a perennial herbaceous plant, distributed in the northern high mountains of the Korean peninsula and China. It is an excellent ornamental plant currently at risk of overharvesting and therefore, is designated as an endangered wild plant Class II by the Ministry of Environment. Physiological research on A. tabularis has not be reported. Therefore, in this study, using A. tabulari extracts, antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory effects were determined. Methods and Results : The antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities of A. tabularis extracts were evaluated using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) assay. The results showed that the ethyl acetate fraction of A. tabularis possesses potent DPPH radical scavenging activity (2.90±0.08㎍/㎖), similar to the scavenging activity of ascorbic acid (2.19±0.06㎍/㎖), and better than the powerful antioxidant α-tocopherol (10.60±0.40㎍/㎖) as well as BHA (butylatedhydroxy anisole)(6.12±0.27㎍/㎖). The ethyl acetate fraction possessed a significantly higher concentration of total phenolic (549.70±2.72㎎GAE/g) and flavonolic content (154.58±1.04㎎QE/g). It was also found that the ethyl acetate fraction exhibited high reducing power and inhibition of ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) formation. Different fractions of A. tabularis were tested for anti-inflammatory activity using LPS stimulated Raw 264.7 cells. The n-hexane and ethyl acetate fractions exhibited a high inhibitory effect on NO (Nitrite oxide) production (22.43±1.06%, 19.30±0.45%, respectively) at 200㎍/㎖ concentration. The mRNA of IL-1β, iNOS and COX-2 gene expression was decreased by treatment with the ethyl acetate fraction. These results showed that A. tabularis extracts can be used as natural substances to control inflammation. Conclusion : These result showed that A. tabularis extracts can be used in a variety of antioxidant and other functional product research and development processes as valuable natural materials.

Background : Geranium Koreanum(GK), a species of the family Geranium is a perennial herb plants. We performed to determine the anti-inflammatory effects in Lipopoly -saccaride induced RAW 264.7 cell of ethanol extracts from Geranium koreanum. Methods and Results : The dried whole plants 50g of G. koreanum was refluxed three times in 0.5 L 70% ethanol for 2hr. The RAW 264.7 cells for anti-inflammatory assay were obtained from the American Tissue Culture Collection(Manassas, VA), and it cultured in DMEM containing 10% Fetal Bovine Serum(FBS) in 5%, CO2 incubator. An anti-inflammatory of G. koreanum measured by Ntrite oxide(NO) production and the protein expression levels of pro-inflammatory proteins such as COX-2 and iNOS, reductions in activation of NF-kB transcription factor. The results showed that G. koreanum was inhibited NO production and exhibited nontoxic in concentration 50~200㎍/㎖. Also, G. koreanum extracts indicate a significant reduction activation of NF-kB transcription factor and inhibition of pro-inflammatory proteins such as COX-2 and iNOS. Conclusion : The above results suggested that G. koreanum extracts expected the antiinflammatory effects and development possibility as nutraceuticals.

Background : Achyranthes japonica Nakai (AJ) is a perennial herb with a wide distribution in East Asia including Korea, China, and Japan, and it is mainly used as a medicinal plant. In Korea, AJ has been widely used to control pain and improve symptoms in OA patients. AJ contains several important phytochemicals such as saponins, inokosterone, ecdysterone, and oleanolic acid bisdesmoside. Methods and Results : The aim of this work was to investigate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of fermented and ethanol extracts of Achyranthes japonica Nakai (AJ). The extracts showed strong reductive power and nitrite scavenging, hydroxyl radical scavenging, superoxide radical scavenging, and DNA damage prevention activities. Treatment of RAW 264.7 macrophages with AJ inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced NO secretion and iNOS expression without affecting cell viability. AJ also inhibited cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) expression, leading to the suppression of COX-2-derived prostaglandin E2 production. These inhibitory effects of AJ were accompanied by reduced production of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukins (IL)-1β, -6, and -10. Furthermore, AJ suppressed LPS-induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal regulated kinase, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and p38. Moreover, AJ inhibited malondialdehyde production and myeloperoxidase activity in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Conclusion : The antioxidant activity of plants is closely related to their medicinal properties and is widely used as a parameter to determine the bioavailability of medicinal plants. The antioxidant and biological activities of AJ extracts might be due to the synergistic actions of multiple bioactive compounds. It can be concluded that AJ extracts are a potential source of biologically important drug candidates.

This study was conducted to compare the antioxidant, anticytotoxic, and anti-inflammatory properties of Euphorbia maculata ethanol extract with those of E. supina ethanol extract. 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and superoxide scavenging activities of E. maculata at 50 μg/mL were 38.3 ± 3.7 and 21.5 ± 1.2%, respectively, whereas those of E. supina at the same concentration were 109.4 ± 0.9 and 59.5 ± 4.8%, respectively. Oxygen radical absorbance capacities of E. maculata and E. supina at 10 μg/mL were 14.70 ± 0.63 and 26.17 ± 1.36 nmol/mL Trolox, respectively. Cupric reducing antioxidant capacities of E. maculata and E. supina at 10 μg/mL were 10.22 ± 0.97 and 62.99 ± 5.28 nmol/mL Trolox, respectively. Total phenolic contents of E. maculata and E. supina at 50 μg/mL were 29.03 ± 0.14 and 87.89 ± 0.20 nmol/mL gallic acid, respectively. E. maculata and E. supina were reported to prevent supercoiled DNA breakage induced by peroxyl and hydroxyl radicals in a concentration-dependent manner, where protection against the supercoiled DNA breakage provided by E. supina was greater than that provided by E. maculata. E. maculata and E. supina at 100 μg/mL inhibited tert-butyl hydroperoxide-induced cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells by 49.4 ± 4.3 and 87.3 ± 4.5%, respectively. E. maculata and E. supina at 500 μg/mL inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide production in RAW 264.7 cells by 63.1 ± 7.0 and 85.2 ± 1.6%, respectively. The antioxidant capacities including DPPH radical scavenging, superoxide scavenging, oxygen radical absorbance, and cupric reducing antioxidant activity were found to be highly correlated with total phenolic content (0.896 < r < 0.983, p < 0.01) and anticytotoxic activities (0.915 < r < 0.960, p < 0.01). However, the superoxide scavenging activity was not significantly correlated (r = 0.604, p > 0.05) with the anti-inflammatory activity. Thus, these findings demonstrated that the radical scavenging, anticytotoxic, and anti-inflammatory capacities of E. supina were more potent than those of E. maculata. Further studies are needed to elucidate the properties of polyphenolic constituents in E. supina responsible for these effects and the underlying mechanisms.

Background: Sedum takesimense Nakai has been used as folk medicine in Korea. The present study aimed to determine the biological activity of S. takesimense by investigating the anti-inflammatory effects of S. takesimense water extract (SKLC) on the lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response in RAW 264.7 cells. Methods and Results: Cytotoxicity of SKLC on RAW 264.7 cells was determinded by performing MTS assay was found to have no cytotoxic effect on RAW 264.7 cells at a concentration range of 62 - 500 ㎍/㎖. Further, pretreatment of SKLC inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in a dose-dependent manner. To determined the inhibitory mechanisms of SKLC on inflammatory mediators, we assessed the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygnease-2 (COX-2) pathways. The activities of these pathways were decreased in a dose-dependent manner by SKLC. The production of tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β‚ and IL-6 were also reduced. Conclusions: These results suggest that the down regulation of iNOS, COX-2, TNF-α, IL-1β‚ and IL-6 expression by SKLC are mediated by the down regulation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activity, a transcription factor necessary for pro-inflammatory mediators. This might be the mechanism underlying the anti-inflammatory effects of SKLC.

Background : We studied the anti-oxidant activity and anti-inflammatory effects of Rhododendron lapponicum (L.) Wahlenb. var. parvifolium (Adams) Herder extract (RLE). Methods and Results : The RLE was prepared using methanol. The antioxidant effects of RLE was evaluated for its DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) free-radical scavenging activity, reducing power. Subsequently, using the RAW 264.7 cells, the cell viability of RLE was evaluated with or without LPS (lipopolysaccharide), and the anti-inflammatory effects of RLE was also estimated by nitric oxide (NO) and using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The extract showed antioxidant activity (DPPH free-radical scavenging activity) with RC50 value of 57.67 ㎍/㎖. The reducing power of the extract was Abs 0.77 at 250 ㎍/ ㎖. The result indicated that RLE would have significantly high anti-oxidative effects. Cell viability was determined using the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. To evaluate anti-inflammatory activity, we examined the inhibitory effects on LPS-induced NO production in RAW 264.7 cells. The NO inhibition rate was 85.44% at 200 ㎍/㎖ RLE. At the same concentration, the expression of pro-inflammatory genes such as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 also decreased. In RLE 50 ㎍/㎖ concentration showed the highest decrease. Conclusion : This result suggest that RLE is a novel resource for the development of foods and drugs that possess anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. Also, RLE can be developed as an inflammatory agents for cosmetic bases in the future.

Background : We studied the anti-oxidant activity and anti-inflammatory effects of Spiraea fritschiana Schneid extract (SFSE). Methods and Results : The SFSE was prepared using methanol and was evaluated for its total phenol and flavonoid content, DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) free-radical scavenging activity, reducing power, and effect on nitric oxide (NO) production, and cell viability by using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The total phenol content was 212.78 ㎍• gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/㎎ and the total flavonoid content was 66.84 ㎍• quercetin equivalent (QE)/㎎. The extract showed antioxidant activity (DPPH free-radical scavenging activity) with RC50 value of 76.61 ㎍/㎖. The reducing power of the extract was Abs 0.58 at 250 ㎍/㎖. Cell viability was determined using the MTT 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. To evaluate anti-inflammatory activity, we examined the inhibitory effects on lipopolysaccharide-(LPS)-induced NO production in RAW 264.7 cells. The NO inhibition rate was 90% at 200 ㎍/㎖ SFSE. At the same concentration, the expression of pro-inflammatory genes such as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 also decreased. Conclusions : Our results suggest that SFSE is a novel resource for the development of foods and drugs that possess anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activity.

In this study, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of water, methanol, and ethanol extracts obtained from Allium hookeri root were evaluated. The ethanol extract of A. hookeri was found to possess the strongest reducing power and also exhibited dominant effects on scavenging of nitrites, DPPH radicals, and superoxide radicals. The water extract showed more efficient DPPH and hydroxyl radical-scavenging activities than those of the methanol extract. Furthermore, the inhibitory activity against nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW 264.7 macrophages was evaluated to elucidate the anti-inflammatory properties of the extracts. Results indicated that all the extracts of A. hookeri exerted inhibitory activities against NO production, especially the ethanol extract (IC5029.13μg/mL). Total phenolic and total flavonoid contents were found to be abundant in the ethanol extract, with values of 24.96 mg gallic acid equivalent/g extract and 4.27 mg rutin equivalent/g extract, respectively. Total thiosulfinate content was determined for the first time and a high amount was present in the ethanol extract (14.2 μM/g extract). These results suggest that A. hookeri root has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and could be used as a natural source for the development of pharmaceutical agents or functional foods.

This study describes a preliminary evaluation of the anti-inflammatory activity of Acrosorium yendoi Yamada extracts. A. yendoi Yamada was extracted using 80% ethanol and then fractionated sequentially with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and butanol. To screen for anti-inflammatory agents effectively, we first examined the inhibitory effect of 80% EtOH extract and solvent fractions of A. yendoi Yamada on the production of pro-inflammatory factors and cytokines stimulated with lipopolysaccharide. In addition, we examined the inhibitory effect of 80% EtOH extract and solvent fractions of A. yendoi Yamada on pro-inflammatory mediators (NO, iNOS, PGE2, and COX-2) in RAW 264.7 cells. In the sequential fractions of n-hexane and EtOAc inhibited the NO and PGE2 production and the protein level of iNOS and COX-2, and protein expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, and IL-6). These results suggest that A. yendoi Yamada may have significant effects on inflammatory factors and may be provided as possible anti-inflammatory therapeutic seaweed.

다양한 제품들에 사용되고 있는 천연물 소재들의 효능에 대한 체계적이고 과학적인 증거자료와 임상자료는 매우 부족한 실정이다. 이러한 천연물 소재의 과학적 연구는 국 민보건과 건강증진을 위한 다양한 제품개발의 기초자료로 활용할 수 있는 중요한 자료이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 보리순 추출물을 이용하여 기능성 천연물 소재로서의 가능 성을 검토하였다. 항염증 활성을 조사하기 위해서 대식세 포 RAW264.7에 LPS로 자극시켜 유도된 염증반응에서 보 리순 에탄올 추출물의 매개체 억제 효과를 수행하였고 oxazolone을 이용하여 hairless 마우스에 접촉성 피부염을 유도하여 보리순 추출물의 항염 효과를 확인하였다. 연구 의 결과에서, LPS로 자극한 RAW264.7 세포에서 COX-II, iNOS와 같은 염증성 매개체뿐만 아니라 염증성 사이토카 인의 생성 및 발현이 보리순 에탄올 추출물에 의하여 현저 히 억제됨을 확인하였다. 이러한 보리순 에탄올 추출물의 억제효과는 IκB의 분해반응을 억제함으로써 NF-κB의 핵 으로 이동을 억제하여 신호전달체계를 불활성화시키는 것 과 관련이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 보리순 에탄올 추출 물은 NF-κB의 상위 신호전달경로인 MAPKs에도 영향을 미치는 것으로 증명되었다. 대식세포에서의 실험결과를 토 대로 hairless 마우스에 oxazolone으로 접촉성 피부염을 유 발시킨 모델에서 보리순 에탄올 추출물을 처리하여 2주간 피부 병변을 관찰한 결과 염증반응이 현저히 감소됨을 확인 하였다. 이상의 결과에서 보리순 추출물이 항염증 효능을 가진 천연물 소재로서의 가능성을 제시하고 있다. 기존 연 구에 의하면, 보리 추출물에는 항산화 효과가 뛰어난 폴리 페놀류인 루테오린(luteolin), 사포나린(saponarin) 등이 풍 부하며, 항염증 효과가 우수한 페루릭산(ferulic acid), 루토 나린(lutonarin), 그리고 각종 비타민, 미네랄 등이 풍부하다 고 알려져 있다. 또한 superoxide와 hydroxyl 라디칼 생성을 억제할 수 있는 2"-O-glycosylisovitexin이 함유되어 있는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 이러한 성분들에 의하여 보리순 추출물 의 항염 효과가 나타날 것으로 생각된다. 다양한 염증성 질환에서 여러 매개체들의 과도한 발현이 그 질환의 원인임 을 생각해 볼 때 보리순 추출물은 항염증에 관련된 여러 제품들에서 다양하게 활용할 수 있는 천연물 소재가 될 것으로 판단되며 앞으로 보리순 추출물에서 항염 효과를 나타내는 유효화합물의 분리동정 및 생리활성평가에 대한 연구가 진행되어야 할 것으로 사료된다.

본 연구에서는 왕호장 열매 추출물(FSR)의 항염증 효과를 측정하였다. 왕호장 열매 추출물은 RAW 264.7 macrophage 세포에서 염증 사이토카인(1L-1β, IL-6, TNF-α)의 발현을 억제하였으며, 농도 의존적으로 NO 생성을 억제하고, 그 효과는 100 µg/mL 농도에서 51%로 나타났다. 뿐만 아니라, iNOS와 COX-2의 mRNA와 단백질 발현을 모두 억제함을 확인하였다. 따라서 왕호장 열매 추출물은 항염증 효능을 갖는 화장품 소재로서의 개발 가능성이 클 것으로 기대된다.

This study investigated in vitro antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxicity on human lung epithelial A549 cells of different solvent extracts from Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) tuber. The EtOH extract contained amounts of phenolics (22.20 tannic acid equivalent ㎎/ɡ) and exhibited the highest antioxidant activity and anti-inflammatory activity. Several methods were employed for measure the antioxidant activity: 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity (IC50 = 206.79 ㎍/㎖), reducing power activity (21.26 ascorbic acid equivalent ㎎/ɡ) and total antioxidant activity (19.05 ascorbic acid equivalent ㎎/ɡ). Meantime, the EtOH extract inhibited the NO production completely with a concentration of 800 ㎍/㎖. Besides, the H2O extract exhibited more potent effect on human lung epithelial A549 cells. This study suggested that Jerusalem artichoke tuber had antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxicity on human lung epithelial A549 cells.

새로운 항염증 및 미백 소재를 찾기 위해서, 본 연구에서는 6가지 한약재 추출물(유자, 상백피, 오미자, 율무, 당귀, 고삼)을 Streptococcus thermophilus에 의해 발효한 발효분말의 미백 및 항염증 효과를 피부섬유아세포에 대한 피부독성, 산화질소 생성, tyrosinase 활성, 멜라닌 형성의 저해 효과를 측정함으로써 평가하였다. 발효물은 37 ℃에서 2일 동안 Streptococcus thermophilus에 의해 발효한 후, 동결건조에 의해 발효분말을 제조하였다. 발효분말은 피부섬유아세포에 대해 500 μg/mL의 농도에서 cytopathic effect reduction 방법을 사용하면서 측정하였을 때 세포독성을 나타내지 않았다. 또한 발효분말은 Griess reagent system을 사용하면서 산화질소 생성에 대한 저해 효과를 나타내었다. 더욱이 발효분말은 tyrosinase 활성에 대한 저해 효과가 농도의존적으로 나타났다. 발효분말은 배양액으로부터 멜라닌 생성에 대해 유의적인 저해를 나타내었다(p < 0.05). 그러므로 이러한 자료로부터 발효분말은 항염증 및 미백 효과를 갖는 것으로 나타났으며, 화장품을 위한 효과적인 성분으로써 사용가능할 것으로 사료된다.

본 연구에서는 기능성 화장품 소재 개발을 위하여 비파엽 추출물을 제조하고 효소 및 세포 활성평가를 진행하였다. 활성평가는 tyrosinase 측정법을 이용한 미백 효능, NO 측정법을 이용한 항염 효능에 대한 활성 등을 분석하였다. 미백 효능 관련 tyrosinase 활성 저해는 10% 농도의 비파엽 초임계 추출물에서 미약한 활성을 나타내었다. 항염 효능 관련 NO 활성 저해 분석 결과, 초임계 추출물, 에탄올 환류 추출물, 열수 추출물의 순서로 NO 억제 활성을 나타내었다. MTT assay를 실시한 결과, 70% 에탄올 환류 추출물 5% 처리를 제외하고는 모든 농도에서 세포독성이 관찰되지 않았다. 미백 효능 관련 멜라닌 생성 저해는 5% 처리 농도에서 30%, 70% 에탄올 환류 추출물이 강하게 멜라닌 생성을 억제하는 결과를 보였다. 이상의 연구결과들로부터 비파엽 추출물 제조를 통한 우수한 항염 효능 및 미백 효능 관련 활성을 나타내는 추출조건을 도출하였으며, 향후 기능성 화장품 소재 개발을 위한 기초 연구용 자료로서의 역할을 제시할 수 있을 것이다.