간행물
한국약용작물학회지 KCI 등재 Korean Journal of Medical Crop Science
- 발행기관 한국약용작물학회
- 자료유형 학술지
- 간기 격월간
- ISSN 1225-9306 (Print)2288-0186 (Online)
- 수록기간 1993 ~ 2019
- 주제분류 농수해양 > 농학 농수해양 분류의 다른 간행물
- 십진분류KDC 524DDC 633
권호리스트/논문검색
Vol. 24 No. 3 (2016년 6월) 9건
1.
2016.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
Background: Many Taraxacum spp. plants are widely used in medicine, but some of them have propagation problems, such as strong dormancy and poor germination rates. This study investigated the effects of temperature, gibberellic acid (GA3), and potassium nitrate (KNO3) on seed germination in Taraxacum ohwianum.
Methods and Results: The seeds (NIBRGR0000135524) were exalbuminous, and their length and width were 4.54 ± 0.032㎜ and 0.97 ± 0.029㎜, respectively. Various germination temperatures were tested (15, 20, 25, and 30℃), the optimum temperature for germination was found to be 20℃ (31.3%). High temperature (30℃) resulted in non-typical seedlings (thickened and crumpled cotyledons, with a restricted root system). To increase the germination capacity, GA3 (200, 500, and 1,000 ㎎/ℓ ) or KNO3 (20, 50, 100, 200, and 500 ㎎/ℓ ) solutions were used as pre-soaking solutions instead of water. The GA3 treatments increased the germination percentage and rate, but germination percentage was higher with the KNO3 treatments. Under the 50 - 200 ㎎/ℓ KNO3 treatments, the germination percentage exceeded 80% after 12 days, and 50 ㎎/ℓ KNO3 was notably effective (91.2% after 15 days).
Conclusions: T. ohwianum seeds showed improved germination at low temperatures. The best method for germination was presoaking in 50 ㎎/ℓ KNO3 for 24 h, in the dark at 4℃, and then incubating the germinated seed at 20℃ for 15 days.
2.
2016.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
Background: This study determined the effects of mulching, an environment friendly organic cultivation method, on antioxidant compound contents and growth in Codonopsis lanceolata, commonly known as Deodeok.
Methods and Results: C. lanceolata was treated by mulching with several different methods (a non-woven fabric, biodegradable film, or rice husks) and also treated with hand weeding. A non-treatment plot was used as a control. The growth and levels of weed control in C. lanceolata were better in plants cultivated under mulching treatments (non-woven fabric, biodegradable film, and rice husks) than in those under non-mulching treatments (hand weeding and non-treatment). The contents of antioxidant compounds, such as total flavonoids, phenolics, and anthocyanins, were highest under the biodegradable film treatment, followed by the nonwoven fabric treatment, rice husks treatment hand weeding, and non-treatment. There were identifiable differences in DPPH and ABTS activity in comparison to antioxidant compound content by solvent fractions. Mulching treatments resulted in higher DPPH scavenging activity in water and ethyl ether fractions and ABTS scavenging activity in n-butanol fractions than in other fractions, as opposed to hand weeding and non-treatment groups, although total activity of DPPH and ABTS did not increase with mulching treatments.
Conclusions: Mulching C. lanceolata with biodegradable film and non-woven fabric is an effective method for improving plant growth and inhibiting the occurrence of weeds as well as for increasing antioxidant compound content and altering antioxidant activity.
3.
2016.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
Background: This study examined the use of new bio-materials with enhanced value and functionality, which were derived from fermented wild ginseng cultures.
Methods and Results: To examine the antioxidant activity associated with biological functions, radical scavenging analyses (2,2- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, DPPH and 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid, ABTS) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity analyses were conducted. Furthermore, the total phenolic and flavonoid contents of wild ginseng fermented with microorganisms (Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Bacillus circulans, Bacillus licheniformis and B. subtilis subsp. inaquosorum) were evaluated to determine the antioxidant activity increment. Regarding ginseng fermented with B. licheniformis, values of 70.6 ± 1.4%, 44.3 ± 1.7%, and 88.4 ± 1.3% were measured using DPPH, ABTS, and SOD-like antioxdiant activity analyses, respectively. The total phenolic content in ginseng fermented with B. licheniformis was 184.5 ± 0.9 ㎍• GAE/㎖, and the total flavonoid contents was 108.5 ± 1.8 ㎍• QE/㎖ in ginseng fermented with L. mesenteroides.
Conclusions: Of the four types of lactic acid bacteria examined, the use of B. licheniformis to ferment ginseng resulted in greatest increase in antioxidant activity. Therefore, ginseng fermented by microorganisms might be used to produce functional bio-materials.
4.
2016.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
Background: Electrical conductivity (EC) and pH are important features of nutrient solution, affecting both growth and quality of crops by altering nutrient uptake.
Methods and Results: The pH values of nutrient solutions were controlled at 5.0, 5.5, 6.0, 6.5 and EC values were controlled at 0.68, 0.84, 1.23, 1.41 dS/m. Gingesng root weights were higher during the initial growth period when the plants were treated with low pH and low EC nutrient solutions. However, the higher pH and EC levels, the greater the increase in the rate of root weight between the initial and middle growth periods. The highest ginsenoside amount changed during growth period. The total ginsenoside amount was highest in the root, and the lowest in leaves at 45 and 90 days after treatment, respectively, with solution at a pH of 6.0. After 135 days of treatment, the highest total ginsenoside amount was detected in root treated with soluton with EC values of 1.23 dS/m.
Conclusions: For the cultivation of ginseng using a nutriculture system, the pH and EC values of nutrient solutions should to be controlled based on the stage of growth and targeted plant organ (root or leaves).
5.
2016.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
Background: This study aimed to investigate the flowering and fruits formation characteristics of Korean Panax ginseng varieties.
The results will provide basic data for ginseng seed production and breeding program. Methods and Results: The characteristics investigated included flowering date, seed setting rate, seed type and seed production. The ginseng variety Chungsun had the earliest emergency and flowering dates, whereas Sunhyang showed late emergence and flowering dates. The emergence date of Chunpoong was not later than that of the other varieties, but the flowering date was delayed. The seed setting rate was 64.6%, 75.8%, 78.5% and 74.4% for three, four, five and six-year-old varieties, respectively. The ratio of double seed (RD) for Sunhyang and Chungsun were higher than those for the others, whereas the RD for Chunpoong was the lowest. Yunpoong and Sunone had many stems per plant and a high seed production rate. Seed production was 21.7, 67.7, 74.4 and 89.0㎏/ 10 a in three, four, five and six-year-old varieties, respectively.
Conclusions: The emergence date ranged from April 15 to 25, and the flowering date was from May 10 to the 19 for the new ginseng varieties. The average seed multiplication of the ginseng varieties was about 8.5 and 21.1 times a year for varieties in which, seed-production occurs once a year for over four years and four times over six years, respectively.
6.
2016.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
Background: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of germanium treatment on the growth and organic germanium production in the roots of Oplopanax elatus plantlets.
Methods and Results: O. elatus plantlets were cultured in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with different concentrations of germanium dioxide (GeO2) to analyze optimum growth conditions. Exogenous treatment of 10 ㎎/ℓ GeO2 promoted growth and an increase in the contents of chlorophyll a, b and carotenoid in O. elatus. The germanium accumulation and production in roots of O. elatus plantlets treated with organic germanium reached the highest levels. The growth of the aerial and underground portion of O. elatus with organic germanium was greater than that of the control. The accumulation and production of organic germanium reached the highest level (40.89 ㎍/plantlet) with the treatment of 50 ㎎/ℓ GeO2. Antioxidant activity measured by DPPH and ABTS assays also increased with the germanium treatment and improved the DPPH and ABTS radical activity by 200% compared with that in the control. In addition, the total phenol and flavonoid contents of the plantlets with a treatment of 50 ㎎/ℓ GeO2 were higher than in the control.
Conclusions: Taken together, the growth of O. elatus was increased with the treatment of 50 ㎎/ℓ GeO2 germanium and the biological references improved, with increased antioxidant activity and organic germanium production.
7.
2016.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
Background: The biological activities of Tradescantia pallida grown in Korea have not been well determined, thus the aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of using it as a medicinal plant.
Methods and Results: To investigate the antioxidant activity, α-glucosidase inhibitory effect and antimicrobial activity of T. pallida, we performed the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity and reducing power assay. This assay for T. pallida leaf extract showed the highest antioxidant activity for the ethyl acetate fraction (RC50= 14.55 ± 0.16㎍/㎖ and Abs = 0.613 at 300㎍). Further, the ethyl acetate fraction exhibited higher α-glucosidase inhibitory effect with an IC50 value of 14.1 ± 0.1㎍/㎖ and showed antimicrobial activity against gram positive bacteria (minimum inhibitory concentration = 1,000㎍/㎖).
Conclusions: The ethyl acetate fraction of the crude methanol extract of T. pallida showed remarkable antioxidant activity, α-glucosidase inhibitory effects and antimicrobial activity. These activities might be related to the flavonoid content in the T. pallida leaf extract.
8.
2016.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
Background: Sedum takesimense Nakai has been used as folk medicine in Korea. The present study aimed to determine the biological activity of S. takesimense by investigating the anti-inflammatory effects of S. takesimense water extract (SKLC) on the lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response in RAW 264.7 cells.
Methods and Results: Cytotoxicity of SKLC on RAW 264.7 cells was determinded by performing MTS assay was found to have no cytotoxic effect on RAW 264.7 cells at a concentration range of 62 - 500 ㎍/㎖. Further, pretreatment of SKLC inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in a dose-dependent manner. To determined the inhibitory mechanisms of SKLC on inflammatory mediators, we assessed the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygnease-2 (COX-2) pathways. The activities of these pathways were decreased in a dose-dependent manner by SKLC. The production of tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β‚ and IL-6 were also reduced.
Conclusions: These results suggest that the down regulation of iNOS, COX-2, TNF-α, IL-1β‚ and IL-6 expression by SKLC are mediated by the down regulation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activity, a transcription factor necessary for pro-inflammatory mediators. This might be the mechanism underlying the anti-inflammatory effects of SKLC.
9.
2016.06
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
Background: Cyanazine is used as a pre-emergent herbicide once during the growing season to control weeds of many upland crops worldwide. This study aimed to establish a method to determined cyanazine residue levels in major medicinal crops by using high performance liquid chromatography-UV detection/mass spectometry (HPLC-UVD/MS).
Methods and Results: Cyanazine residue was extracted with acetone from the raw products of four representative medicinal plants - Scutellaria baicalensis, Paeonia lactiflora, Platycodon grandiflorum and Angelica gigas. The extract was diluted with a large volume of saline water and directly partitioned into dichloromethane to remove polar co-extractives in the aqueous phase. It was then purifined using optimized Florisil column chromatography. HPLC analysis conducted using an octadecylsilyl column allowed the successful separation of cyanazine from co-extractives of the samples, and the amount was sensitively quantified by ultraviolet absorption at 225 ㎚ with no interference. The accuracy and precision of the proposed method were validated by conducting recovery experiments on each medicinal crop sample fortified with cyanazine at two concentration levels per crop in triplicate.
Conclusions: The mean recoveries ranged from 91.2% to 105.3% for the four representative medicinal crops. The coefficients of variation were less than 10%, irrespective of the sample types and fortification levels. The limit of quantification of cyanazine was 0.02 ㎎/㎏ as verified by the recovery experiment. A confirmatory method was performed by liquid chromatography/MS using selected-ion monitoring technique to clearly identify the suspected residue.
