본 연구는 다른 복음서에는 들어 있지 않은 누가복음의 독특한 문학적 구조를 통해 드러난 여성의 위치에 대해 살펴보고자 한다. 먼저 누가의 특수한 자료의 문학적인 특징을 살펴보고, 그 중에서 한 가지 이야기를 가지고 누가의 관점에서 새롭게 여성의 위치를 고찰해 보고자 한다.

본 연구는 장애여성의 차별경험이 생활만족도에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 살펴보기 위해 자아존중감을 매개변수로 검증하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 한국장애인고용공단에서 조사한 장애인고용패널 5차년도 자료를 활용하였으며, 장애여성 1,620명 중 결측 치를 제외한 1,612명을 대상으로 SPSS 19.0을 수행하였다. 분석결과, 차별경험과 생활만 족도 간 자아존중감의 매개효과 검증에서 1, 2, 3단계에서 모두 통계적으로 유의미하게 나타났으며, 일상생활에서의 차별경험과 생활만족도 간에 매개효과가 있는 것을 확인하였다. 이와 같은 연구결과를 토대로, 일상생활의 차별경험이 높을수록 생활만족도가 낮게 나타나지만, 장애여성들 스스로가 장애를 인식하고 극복하기 위한 역량강화 프로그램 등의 다양한 교육프로그램을 통해 자아존중감을 높이고 장애여성을 임파워먼트할 수 있도록 실천적 개입방안과 정책적 함의를 제시하였다.

The aim of this study was to investigate the change in women’s somatotype with aging. The subjects were 1,123 women aged 40~69. Their anthropometric data were from the 6th Size Korea. The data were analyzed by factor analysis and cluster analysis. Seven factors were extracted: body mass, body length, back shoulder, arm length factor, front interscye factor, body rise factor, and shoulder angle. The upper body types of middle-aged and elderly women were classified into five types: skinny, short stout body type with forward posture, composite, tall & full body type, and short & skinny. The skinny and composite body type appeared more often than the short stout body type in the early 40s of Korean women. Starting in the mid-50s, composite body type was less often found. However, the number of women with short stout body type increased. In the 60s, the number of women with short stout and tall & full body types decreased. These results reveal that the body types of middle-aged and elderly women changed with some pattern with aging. And women in their early 40s, mid-50s, and 60s women had different body shapes and postures.

Reflecting the consumer’s desire to look young, the “down-aging” trend, which blurs the distinctions between age groups, is the latest craze in the fashion market. The popularity of this trend made brand identities similar, resulting in customers becoming more interested in segmented notions of fashion (in terms of the story, design, high-quality material, etc.) regarding the product, and in particular, focus has become oriented to the fitness to the human body. In this sense, the researcher aimed to develop the prototype of a slim-fit tailored jacket that fits the standard somatotypes of women in their 30s well. For the purpose of this research, slim-fit tailored jackets from existing brands were collected and analyzed, and a subsequent wearability test was conducted based on the standard somatotype of women in their 30s. The research patterns were prototype of the developed slim fit tailored jacket are bust size of 3.8 cm, waist of 7 cm, and hip size of 3.8 cm. Then the research patterns were selected to develop the prototype of a properly fitting slim-fit tailored jacket. As outlined above, the development of a slim-fit tailored jacket prototype for the standard somatotypes of women in their 30s was conducted by solving the fitness issues of existing brands in order to produce properly fitting jackets that satisfy consumers.

This study aims to survey the creation process of female figure as a whole by linking features of female association depending on Shen cong wen's creation period with the characteristics of female figures of each time. Female figures at the first creation period are, in many cases, just passive subjects looked into the eyes of the male writer. This is largely because of a woman named Ma, Yao Mei, and Ding ling, who were those Shen associated when he first started writing literatures. They were women who hided their true colors of wicked women under the veil of positive image of girl and seem to have a huge impact on the creation of female figures by Shen at the initial stage of his literature creation process. At the second period, female figures in his literatures are varied and colorful. There are novels in which a woman is a main character and stories, in many cases, are delivered from a point of view of a woman. Ding ling and Zhang zhao he associating with Shen at that time had a great impact on this. Literatures by Shen in this period were a dedication for the love and friendship with friends and lovers. Female figures at the third period have contradictory characteristics; sometimes it is too ordinary and plain, and others it is too abstract and difficult. This is related to the fact that the association with women did not directly motivate his creation at that time due to the reality called marriage and a special circumstance: war. But, in this period, he was absorbed in creation to capture the lively motion and beauty of life that he had constantly envisioned. In conclusion, by investigating the relationship between his association with women and female figures, the author has been able to identify the meaning of coincidence and women when it comes to creation, as the way he had expressed. His creative tendency was determined according to the nature of women he was in association with each time and the female figures did not stray from the shadows of women he was in association with. This feature on the creation of literatures by Shen suggests that his literary world and female figures are to be interpreted and studied in various ways in the fields such as eco-feminism and gender psychology.

The purpose of this study is to survey the wearing and purchasing situation related to brassieres between Korean and Chinese women and to analyze the differences among them. This study utilized a survey targeting 397 women in their 20's in Korea and China. The results were as follows: First, Korean women considered that their breasts are conical in shape, whereas Chinese women considered their breasts to have a flat shape. With regard to breast size, those of Chinese women are larger than those of Korean women. Moreover, Chinese women expressed a high rate of dissatisfaction with their breasts. Second, regarding the wearing condition of brassieres, while Korean women expected their brassiere to converge their breasts to the center, Chinese women expected their brassiere to support the breasts. It was found that many of them were dissatisfied with the shoulder straps and the center front wire. Third, in the results pertaining to the purchasing brassieres, although both Korean and Chinese Women mainly visited brand name stores to buy brassieres, compared with Chinese women, Korean women prefer to shop at home to buy the brassieres. In addition, they considered the compensation effect, size, activity, fabric and fit as the most important selection criteria when purchasing a brassiere.

본 연구는 비만 여성을 대상으로 1일 300~400 kcal의 섭취 열량을 제한하는 프로그램(대조군)과, 열량의 제한은 없이 음 양 체질에 따라 식품의 종류를 선택하는 프로그램(실험군)을 8주간 실시하여 체중 감량 효과를 비교하였고, 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 대조군과 실험군 모두 체중감량 프로그램 참여 후 유의 적인 체중 변화가 있었으며, 대조군은 평균 1.1 kg, 실험군은 2.8 kg의 체중이 감량되었고, 실험군 내에서는 음체질이 3.3 kg, 양체질이 2.3 kg 감량을 보였다. 프로그램 참여 후 대조군 과 실험군 모두 체지방, 체질량지수, 허리둘레, 엉덩이둘레가, 실험군은 체지방, 체질량지수, 가슴둘레, 허리둘레, 엉덩이둘 레가 유의적으로 감소하였으며, 실험군이 대조군에 비해 감 소폭이 더 큰 경향을 보였다. 2. 대조군의 경우, 1일 섭취 열량이 프로그램 실시 전 2,061.0 kcal에서 실시 후 1,588.4 kcal로 약 17%가 감소하였다. 반면, 실험군은 프로그램 실시 전 1,679.6 kcal 에서 체중감량 프로 그램 실시 후 1,810.6 kcal로 약 7% 증가하는 상반된 결과가 나타났다. 영양소 섭취 상태를 살펴보면 대조군은 체중 감량 프로그램 실시 후 지방과 단백질, 당질, 나트륨, 콜레스테롤, 나이아신, 비타민 B1, 아연, 인, 칼슘의 섭취가 각각 유의적으 로 감소하였다. 실험군은 탄수화물과 식이섬유, 칼슘, 인, 철 분, 비타민 A, 비타민 B2, 비타민 C의 섭취량이 유의하게 증 가하였다. 3. 대조군과 실험군 모두 프로그램 실시 전 음양 식품의 섭 취빈도에 차이가 없었으나, 프로그램 실시 후 실험군에서 양 체질인은 음성식품을, 음체질인은 양성식품을 섭취하는 빈도 가 유의하게 증가하였다. 4. 프로그램 실시 후 대조군은 헤모글로빈 수치가 유의적 으로 감소하였으나, 실험군은 헤모글로빈 수치가 유의적으로 증가하였고, 혈당, 혈중 총 콜레스테롤과 중성지방이 유의적 으로 감소하였다. 이상과 같이본 연구에서는 체질식이를 섭취한 경우, 체중 감소가 더 효과적으로 나타나고, 영양소 섭취상태도 개선되 는 것으로 나타났다. 이에 앞으로 식습관과 질병의 연관성 및 질병에 따른 체질식품의 효과 유무에 대해 더 많은 연구가 필요하다고 사료된다.

조직공정성의 인식이 중요하게 대두되면서 다양한 조직을 대상으로 한 연구가 많이 있었지만 상대적으로 여성교정공무원을 대상으로 한 연구는 거의 전무한 실정이다. 윤옥경(2006), 김응분(2010), 최은하(2013) 등 연구에 따르면 여성교도관은 남성교도관보다 조직 내 제한된 범위내에서 근무하고 있다는 주장에 따라 여성교정공무원에 초점을 둔 것이다. 이러한 문제의식을 가지고 이 연구에서는 여성교정공무원에 초점을 두었으며 실제 여성교정공무원이 생각하는 조직 내 공정성을 파악하고, 조직 내 공정성(절차공정성, 분배공정성)이 직무만족 및 조직몰입에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 알아보고자 했다. 조사기간은 2013년 6월 9일부터 28일까지 총 150부의 설문지를 배포하여 그 중 유효한 설문지 107부를 분석대상에 이용하였다. 자료 분석을 통해서 본 연구의 결과를 정리하면 다음과 같다. 조직공정성의 하위요소인 분배공정성, 절차공정성 모두 조직몰입과 직무만족에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 상대적으로 분배공정성의 영향력이 더 큰 것으로 분석되었다. 결론적으로 여성교정공무원들은 직무에 대한 만족과 조직몰입을 위해서는 조직 내의 공정한 절차보다는 결과 측면의 보상과 관련된 분배공정성에 더 민감하게 반응하고 있다는 것을 의미한다. 이에 본 연구의 결과는 여성교정공무원의 조직몰입도를 높이기 위해서는 보상, 근무환경, 직무와 관련된 승진 등의 내재적 만족도를 높이는 등 인적자원관리방안이 마련되어야 함을 시사하고 있다.

In this study, it is explored the effect of fashion therapy on depression, positive emotion, negative emotion, appearance interest, body satisfaction, self-esteem, and self-efficacy of female patients. Eight cancer patients and 12 general patients participated in the 4-week fashion therapy program. When comparing results before and after the fashion therapy, depression and negative emotions were significantly decreased while positive emotions and self-efficacy were significantly increased. There was no significant influence on appearance interest, body satisfaction, self-esteem, and self-efficacy. In group comparison, significant changes were observed in depression, positive emotion and negative emotion regardless of groups. However, cancer patients indicated a significant improvement in self-efficacy compared to general patients who did not whereas patients with a high level of depression showed a significant enhancement on body satisfaction compared to patients with a low level of depression. Also, patients with a low level of pain indicated a significant improvement on self-esteem and self-efficacy compared to patients with a high level of pain. Perceived effect and satisfaction of the fashion therapy were relatively high. Study results may positively contribute to building a knowledge and experimental base of fashion therapy that is widely applicable to diverse parties for the future.

The purpose of this study was to define Korean adolescent girls' brassiere size demand features in order to improve the suitability of junior brassieres for adolescent girls. The subjects for the data collection were Korean teenage girls from age 13 to 17 (n=492). Their body size was collected by conducting anthropometric measurement. The results of this study show that not only the growth of height, but also the growth of the body length is almost finished at the age of 15. The brassiere cup size, which shows the breast growth directly, increased remarkably at age 13 to 14, and once again at age 17. The demand for brassiere band size 70 appeared generally high among all ages. The research also suggests that the band size 60 and over 85 is also needed among the teenage girls. In matters of the brassiere cup size, junior brassieres over B-cup size are also necessary for teenage girls with big breasts to support their heavy breast weight. These results imply that the junior brassiere companies should improve their brassiere size range to fit the teenage girls' breasts properly.

This study aimed to compare the characteristics of breast cancer surgery and shoulder surgery patients on the shoulder range of motion (ROM), degree of pain and dysfunction, and scapular position. This study was carried out with a total of 90 women: a breast cancer surgery group (BS, n1=30), a shoulder surgery group (SS, n2=30) and a control group (n3=30). Shoulder ROM, the Quadruple Visual Analogue Scale (QVAS), the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI), and the Scapular Index (SI) were used to assess shoulder function. Statistical analyses were performed using a one-way analysis of variance, crosstab test, and independent sample t-test. Post-hoc testing was carried out with Bonferroni test. There were significant differences in shoulder ROM when the BS and the SS were compared with the control group. However, there was no significant difference in ROM between the BS and SS. Furthermore, there was a significant difference in shoulder pain between both surgery groups, and there was greater shoulder dysfunction in the SS than in the BS. There was also a significant difference in upper extremity posture when the BS and the SS were compared to the control group. Finally, there was no significant difference in upper extremity posture between the BS and the SS. This study compared shoulder ROM, pain, dysfunction, and upper extremity postures between the BS and SS. While there were no significant differences in shoulder ROM, pain, and upper extremity posture between both surgery groups, the level of dysfunction was found to be significantly different. Therefore, health professionals managing for breast cancer surgery or shoulder surgery patients should consider these outcomes.

The purpose of this study is to propose the information and idea that can be applied to color planning by investigating preferred color according to ages, items by distribution of 30s~50s women. As the survey method, questionnaire survey and one-to-one investigation by preparing the color table of basic color and trend color were conducted, and total of 280 questionnaires were used for statistical analysis. The results of this study areas follows. First, in basic color, there were significant differences in preferred hues and tones by age groups. The preferred hues were N, PB in all ages, and the higher the age, the more people preferred vivid tones. Second, in basic color, there was significant difference in preferred hues of jumpers, one-pieces by distribution, and the preferred hue was found to be N in the items except jumpers. There were significant differences in preference tones of all items according to distribution. Third, in trend color, there was no significant difference in preferred hues by age groups. Preferred tones had significant differences by distribution, and the higher the age, the more people preferred vivid tones. Fourth, in trend color, some items had significant differences in preferred hues and tones by distribution. B was preferred in all age groups, and vivid tones were more preferred in wholesaler than the department store. Based on these results, this study proposed 30s~50s women's wear color planning idea that applied consumers' preferred color according to ages and items by distribution.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the breast growth variation trends and characteristics of Korean adolescent girls based on 3D body measurements. Subjects were 174 girls aged between 13 and 18. 3D body scanning data were collected and the data were measured by Geomagic Design X program. The total of 18 anthropometric measurements and 4 index items were analyzed. The main results of this study are as follows: 1) Overall, the breast growth of adolescent girls got out of children's body shapes at the age of 14 and the adult's body shapes appeared remarkably at the age of 18. Before the age of 15, the adolescent girls' breast enlarged. 2) The surface lengths of upper body, which means the breast volume, showed significant growth above B cup groups rather than under A cup groups. The demand of B cup size (32.2%) was higher than A cup size (25.9%). And 35.6% of subjects' brassiere band size was 70. 3) The thorax grew evenly in the circumference, depth and breadth. The thoracic development related to the breast volume as well as the whole upper body's development. These results reveal that it is necessary to develop adolescent girls' brassiere reflecting on adolescent girls' breast growth variation trends and characteristics by age, breast size and thoracic development.

본 연구는 중고령자 고용에서 중요한 비중을 차지하고, 최근 증가하는 경향을 보이는 중고령 여성 시간제 일자리의 질을 향상시키기 위하여 기존의 시간제 일자리 연구에서 간과되었던 중고령 여성의 시간제 일자리 특성을 분석하였다. 이를 위하여 시간제 일자 리 중고령 여성의 인구사회학적 특성을 파악하고, 시간제 일자리의 직업 특성과 근로여 건 특성을 국민노후보장패널 4차(2011년) 자료를 통해 분석하였다. 연구결과, 시간제 일자리 중고령 여성은 인구사회학적 특성 면에서 상당히 취약하였으며, 시간제 일자리는 업종과 직종, 종사상 지위, 정규직 여부, 임금, 근속기간, 고용안정성과 국민연금, 고용보험, 산재보험의 사회보험제도 가입율 면에서 전일제 일자리와 유의미한 차이를 보였고, 일자리의 질이 훨씬 낮은 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 연구결 과를 토대로 중고령 여성 시간제 일자리의 질 개선을 위한 시사점을 제시하였다.

본 연구의 목적은 취업준비 기혼여성들이 진로선택과정에서 경험하는 진로인식과 진로행동특성을 파 악하고자 하는 것이다. 이러한 연구목적을 위하여 ‘취업의사가 있으며, 취업을 위해 직업교육과 훈련에 참여하는 등 실제적으로 취업을 위해 노력을 하고 있는 기혼여성’ 13명을 대상으로 심층면담을 통해 자료를 수집하였으며, 수집된 자료는 전사 후 지속적 비교 분석법을 통해 분석하였다. 본 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 취업준비 기혼여성의 진로선택과정에서 경험하는 진로인식과 진 로행동특성은 4개의 범주, 20개의 하위범주, 그리고 68개의 개념으로 도출되었으며, 도출된 4개의 범주는 진로동기, 진로장벽, 진로선택에 대한 새로운 기준, 진로준비행동 특성으로 분석하였다. 첫째, 진로동기는 경제적 필요와 경제적 독립, 사회적 존재감 추구, 건강한 노후 대책, 능력 있는 엄마, 내면적 당당함 개발, 생애 역할변화에 대처 등 총 6개의 하위범주로 구성되었다. 둘째, 진로장벽은 역량부족의 문제, 자녀돌봄 문제, 막연한 두려움, 정보접근의 어려움, 가족 간 의논과 합의의 어려움으로 분석되었다. 셋째, 진로선택의 새로운 기준은 일-가정양립이 가능한 일, 즐겁고 의미 있는 일, 사회적 신분이 인정되는 일, 전문성에 기반한 일 등으로 분석되었으며, 넷째, 진로준비행동의 특성으로는 목표조정, 직업훈련모색, 가족들에 대한 설득과 합의, 역할조정 등이 도출되었다. 본 연구결과는 향후 취업준비 기혼여성의 진로상담과 교육 및 취업지원에 기초자료로 활용될 것으로 기대된다.

The purpose of this study was to determine anthropometric measurements, dietary nutrient intakes, simple food intake frequencies, and rates of obesity in Cambodian women. A total 186 women, aged 20-69 years, living in Kampong Spue province of Cambodia and having the responsibility to prepare family meals participated in this study. Height and weight were measured body mass index (BMI) was calculated, and one-day 24-hour recall and food frequency questionnaires were conducted. In total, 18.8% were underweight, 49.5% were normal weight, 13.4% were overweight, and 18.3% were obese according to the World Health Organization BMI standard for Asians. No significant difference in height by obesity level was determined (p≥0.05). The mean energy intake was 1571.2 kcal/day and protein intake was 43.6 g/day. There were significant differences in protein, niacin, and vitamin C intakes by obesity level (p<0.05). The prevalence of subjects consuming vitamins and minerals less than 75% of Recommended Dietary Allowances was 73-99%. All Cambodian women consumed rice ≥1 time/day. Approximately 50% of subjects reported ≥1 time/day intake frequency of bread, cookies, and chips. In total, 35% indicated no intake of beans or bean products. For intake frequencies of carbonated beverages and sports drinks, there was a significant difference by obesity level (p<0.05). These results may be very helpful to prepare nutrition education programs for Cambodian women