This study was conducted to evaluate effects of indoor horticultural therapy program based on ‘relaxation - cognitive behavior - social support’ strategy on quality of life, stress and serotonin of woman cancer patients. Subjects were 18 female cancer patients. Experimental group of 9 members received a horticultural therapy program and control group of 9 members did not receive a horticultural therapy program. The horticultural therapy program was conducted, for 90 minutes per session, once a week, total 8 times. And this study was performed from 9. Nov. to 28. Dec. in 2015. As a results, horticultural therapy program made significant improvement in emotional condition among sub-category of quality of life, nervousness, depression and frustration among sub-category of stress. Also the program decreased the total stress score with significant increased level of serotonin comparing to control group. This result means that depression mood in cancer patients was improved. In summary, horticultural therapy program focused on indoor activities based on ‘Relaxation-social support-cognitive behavioral’ strategy could be utilized as supporting program for psychological health for cancer survivors.

This study describes results on sexual maturation and characteristics of natural spawned eggs to develop a method for the production of stable, healthy fertilized eggs from captive-reared yellowtail kingfish, Seriola lalandi. A total of 59 yellowtail kingfish were captured off the coast of Jeju Island, after which the broodstock was cultured in indoor culture tank (100 m3) until they were 6.1–14.9 kg in body weight. As part of the rearing management for induced sex maturation, the intensity of illumination was maintained at 130 lux. The photoperiod (light/dark; L/D) was set to a 12 L/12 D from October 2013 to January 2014, and 15 L/9 D from February 2014 to June 2014. Feeds comprised mainly EP (Extruded Pellets), with squid cuttlefish added for improvement of egg quality, and was given from April to June 2014. The first spawning of yellowtail kingfish occurred in May 3, 2014, at a water temperature of 17.0°C. Spawning continued until June 12, 2014, with the water temperature set at 20.5°C. Time of spawning was 26 times at this period. The total number of eggs that spawned during the spawning period was 4,449×103. The buoyant rate of spawning eggs and fertilization rate of buoyant eggs during the spawned period were 76.1% and 100%, respectively. The diameters of the egg and oil globule were 1.388 ± 0.041 mm and 0.378 ± 0.029 mm, respectively, which was higher in early eggs than in those from late during the spawned period.

This study is conducted with the questionnaire survey of 174 participants to investigate the psychological effect of workers with the indoor-garden in lounge of public building. The measurement of mental state was investigated and compared with loyalty, attention restoration, profile of mood states (POMS) and semantic differential method (SD Method) while statistical analysis was compared and analyzed with paired t-test, frequency analysis, cross correlation analysis, one-way analysis of variance, and Pearson’s correlation analysis. As the result of analysis of three psychological index, the rate of attention of restoration to the worker was significantly higher in the area where the indoor-garden is installed than the area with no indoor-garden (p≦0.001). Emotional examination showed less negative emotions, such as, the tension, depression, anger, exhaustion or confusion while more positive feeling was vitalized in the area where there is indoor-garden in the lounge than the place with no garden. In addition, as the result of comparison for the index of emotion by gender, negative emotions of men decrease but positive feeling increase more than the group of women in the area where there is indoor-garden in the lounge than the place with no garden. As the result of evaluating the emotion of pleasant, natural and relax with SD method, worker might feel them more in indoor-garden of lounge. Detailed items of plant does not seem to affect to the loyalty in the interest of indoor-garden to the workers, however, behavioral element, such as, feasible investment-cost, provides extremely positive effect (p≦.05). Based on this study, the cognizance of healing effect, attention restoration, profile of mood state (POMS) and emotional quotient by the existence of indoor-garden can be concluded that it will provide the positive effects to diffuse indoor-garden and promotion of emotional health for the staff. In addition, indoor-garden can be practically used to reduce the stress and provide the stability of the indoor-staff.

본 연구는 고 에너지 방사선 조사에 기인된 방사선치료실 내 오존 농도의 변화를 비교·분석하고자 하였 다. 이를 위하여 치료실 주변 대기 중 오존 농도와 치료실 내 배경 오존 농도를 분석하여 고 에너지 방사선 조사에 기인된 치료실 내 평균 오존 농도를 비교하였다. 치료실 내 배경 오존 농도는 평균 17.4±7.9ppb로 방사선치료실 주변의 대기 중 오존 농도(평균 36.8±22.3ppb)보다 약 50% 정도 통계적으로 유의하게 낮게 나타났다(p<0.05). 고 에너지 방사선 조사에 기인된 치료실 내 오존 농도는 방사선이 조사됨과 동시에 배경 오존 농도의 약 2배 수준으로 급격하게 증가되었으며 조사시간이 증가함에 따라 기울기가 일정한 증가 추 이를 보이다가 약 130초에서 180초 부근에서 최대 오존 농도를 이루고 점차 포화되는 경향을 보였으며 배 경 오존 농도로 감소하는데 소요되는 시간은 약 10분 이상이었다. 본 연구 결과를 토대로 고 에너지 방사 선 조사에 기인된 방사선치료실 내 오존 농도는 후각을 자극하는 오존의 특이한 냄새를 맡거나 순간적인 호흡 곤란과 마른기침으로 가슴 통증 등의 신체적 증상이 나타날 수 있는 수준으로 밀폐된 방사선치료실 에서 고농도 오존에 장시간 노출될 경우 폐 질환을 악화시킬 수 있기 때문에 각별한 주의가 요구된다.

In this study, the heat insulating performance increase the indoor temperature of the building is applied to the concrete was compared with plain concrete. As a result, the indoor surface at the outside temperature of 4.69∼7.32 ℃ temperature conditions showed a difference of up to 1.10 ℃, the lowest 0.54 ℃, indoor temperature is up to 0.95 ℃, 0.63 ℃ lower results showed a minimum.

In this paper, we propose a new method for improving the accuracy of localizing a robot to find the position of a robot in indoor environment. The proposed method uses visible light for indoor localization with a reference receiver to estimate optical power of individual LED in order to reduce localization errors which are caused by aging of LED components and different optical power for each individual LED, etc. We evaluate the performance of the proposed method by comparing it with the performance of traditional model. In several simulations, probability density functions and cumulative distribution functions of localization errors are also obtained. Results indicate that the proposed method is able to reduce localization errors from 7.3 cm to 1.6 cm with a precision of 95%.

This study was performed to grasp the introduction of Korean wild evergreen broad-leaved tree, Ternstroemia gymnanthera, as a plant of indoor garden, and to figure out the light-adaptability under the four types indoor lighting and to provide the introduction plan. The experimental plants, Ternstroemia gymnanthera was purchased from the farmhouse in Jeju-do as a year plant, and it was experimented after the acclimation in the glass-green house of general farm of Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology for 40 days. The experiment was performed for 1 year more from September 10, 2014 to September 30, 2015. The results of the experiment are as follows. When Ternstroemia gymnanthera is introduced as a plant of the indoor garden, the optical fiber, fluorescent lamp, and LED light in order are suitable to introduce as the proper lighting. In the case of the three-wave light, the growth and development was the worst among the 4 introduced lighting systems, therefore, the growth of Ternstroemia gymnanthera under the three-wave light was incongruous generally. The withering appearance was existed seriously by 500lux. Some leaves were fallen off, but generally smooth growth and development was done in the range of the 1,000lux to 2,000lux. The best intensity for the growth was under the condition of the 1,000lux. When the fluorescent lamp, and LED light are introduced, the most proper luminous intensity is the 2,000lux. When the optical fiber is introduced, the most efficient intensity is the 1,000lux. Generally the smooth growth and development is done under the more luminous intensity. As the result, the wild Ternstroemia gymnanthera is the species of tree to substitute the Ficus benghalensis, or Ficus retusa which is the foreign species, as a central tree or upper tree as well as pot tree, and it is expected to introduce sufficiently as a plant of the indoor garden.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of horticultural therapy program focused on indoor activities for cancer patients on post-traumatic growth and self-integrity. Seven cancer patients were participated. Experimental group of 7 members received a horticultural therapy program. And this study was performed from May 12 to June 30 in 2014. As the results, the sub-category of self integrity was not statistically significant, but total self-integrity level of the experimental group increased significantly after horticulture therapy (p=0.042). Post-traumatic growth level of the experimental group increased after horticulture therapy, but it was not statistically significant. Therefore horticultural therapy program focused on indoor activities could be utilized as an appropriate program for increase of self-integrity in cancer patients in future.

The final goal of this research is to develop a botanical biofiltration system, which combines green interior, biofiltering, and automatic irrigation, which can purify indoor air pollutants according to indoor space and the size of biofilter. The biofilter used in this experiment was designed as an integral form of water metering pump, water tank, blower, humidifier, and multi-level planting space in order to be more suitable for indoor space utilization. This study was performed to compare indoor air quality between the space adjacent to a botanical biofilter and the space away from the biofilter (control) without generation of artificial indoor air pollutants, and to evaluate plant growth depending on multiple floors within the biofilter. Each concentration of indoor air pollutants such as TVOCs, monoxide, and dioxide in the space treated with the biofilter was lower than that of control. Dracaena sanderiana ‘Vitoria’ and Epipremnum aureum ‘N Joy’ also showed normal growth responses regardless of multiple floors within the biofilter. Hence, it was confirmed that the wall-typed botanical biofilter suitable for indoor plants was effective for indoor air purification.

This study was carried out to investigate the formaldehyde (FA) filtration pattern of additional media for indoor biofilter system. Dry pellet type activated carbon (PAC), activated clay (ACL), zeolite, diatomite, pumice and loess ceramic ball were tested. In the case of dry filter media, formaldehyde purification efficiency was the most excellent with activated clay and then was good with the activated carbon, diatomite, zeolite, and pumice order. PAC and ACL decreased the FA concentration with exponential pattern resulted from dynamic balance between emission and purification. Zeolite, diatomite, pumice, and loess ceramic ball showed high filtration rate at initial time and then increased FA concentration result from breakthrough. PAC, zeolite and diatomite could be recommended as additional filter media for biofilter system considering FA filtration and breakthrough characteristics. FA filtration and breakthrough characteristics were improved with wet media except PAC and ACL. In particular, purification performance improvement and breakthrough mitigation were higher in pumice and loess ceramic balls. PAC+ZEO mixing showed the most high purification performance and breakthrough mitigation in all mixing methods. Thus mixture of PAC with zeolite and vertical mixing could be recommended as additional filter media to improve the FA purification ability and pressure drop with indoor air biofilter system.

This study was carried out to investigate growth characteristics of plants in accordance with irrigation period and to find the optimum irrigation conditions for plants that help to improve the indoor environment. Four foliage plants used in this study included Chlorophytum comosum, Dieffenbachia amoena ‘Marianne’, Epipremnum aureum, and Spathiphyllum spp.. The plants cultivated in three different irrigation frequency: 2 times/week; 1 time/week; and 1 time/2 weeks. As a result, average soil moisture content of four foliage plants for one month measurement period, 2 times/week, 1 time/week, and 1 time/2 weeks were maintained at 47.3±3.0%, 17.3±2.0%, and 10±1.5%, respectively. All four kinds of plants showed a good visible growth in 1 time/week irrigation. Chlorophytum comosum was slowly begin to die in 1 time/2 weeks irrigation and it was completely dead at the end of the experiment. So it is considered that circumspection is needed for drying. Dieffenbachia amoena ‘Marianne’ was dead by each one pot in 2 times/week and 1 time/2 weeks.So it seemed to be a proper watering plants. Epipremnum aureum, and Spathiphyllum spp. showed good growth characteristics regardless of irrigation frequency, it showed good tolerance of the irrigation. In particular, Epipremnum aureum was no significant difference in SPAD value, chlorophyll fluorescence, and leaf water potential according to irrigation frequency, so it was the best plants to irrigation water management.

In this study, the heat insulating performance increase the indoor temperature of the building is applied to the concrete was compared with plain concrete. As a result, the indoor surface at the outside temperature of 10.4 ~ 22.4 ℃ temperature conditions showed a difference of up to 0.6 ℃, the lowest 0.6 ℃, indoor temperature is up to 0.2 ℃, 0.2 ℃ lower results showed a minimum.

For the 2 years of farming, at the indoor circulating aquaculture system, four kinds of skeletal deformities were found among 60 Far Eastern catfish, Silurus asotus. Deformities saw jawbone’s luxation, abnormality of upper lip and malocclusion. Spinal deformity was most fatal deformities with low weight and small length. Jawbone’s luxation had 1 maxilla and 2 mandibles. Abnormality of upper lip had just lip was back over. Malocclusion’s left maxilla and right maxilla were not balanced. This experiment was any deformities in this species through the deformity can grasp how it affects.

Radon exhalation rates have been determined for samples of concrete, gypsum board, marble, and tile among building materials that are used in domestic construction environment. Radon emanation was measured using the closed chamber method based on CR-39 nuclear track detectors. The radon concentrations in apartments of 100 households in Seoul, Busan and Gyeonggi Provinces were measured to verify the prediction model of indoor radon concentration. The results obtained by the four samples showed the largest radon exhalation rate of 0.34314 Bq/m2·h for sample concrete. The radon concentration contribution to indoor radon in the house due to exhalation from the concrete was 31.006 ± 7.529 Bq/m3. The difference between the prediction concentration and actual measured concentration was believed to be due to the uncertainty resulting from the model implementation.