This study aims to build a model dealing with the location decision of new manufacturing firms and their land demand. The model is composed with 1) the binary logit model structure identifying a future probability of manufacturing firms to locate in a city and their land demand; and 2) the land use suitability of the land demand. The model was empirically tested in the case of Anseong City. We used establishment-level data for the manufacturing industry from the Report on Mining and Manufacturing Survey. 48 industry groups were scrutinized to find the location probability in the city and their land demand via logit model with the dependent variables: number of employment, land capital, building capital, total products, and value-added for a new industry since 2001. It is forecasted that the future land areas (to 2025) for the manufacturing industries in the city are 5.94km2 and additional land demand for clustering the existing industries scattered over the city is 2.lkm2. Five industrial complex locations were identified through the land use suitability analysis.

Rapid increase of aging population and progressed migration from rural areas to urban areas have caused deficit of bus routes in local cities. This increasing burden of operation deficit affects the movement strategy of the transportation vulnerable who are using buses. Along with dramatically increased aging in Korea, there is an urgent need to implement a new method which can guarantee mobility rights of public transportation especially for the elderly. This study focuses on the case of Demand Responsive Transit(DRT) system that has been operating in America, Europe, Japan, etc. Kimhae(Sangdong-myeon and Saengnim-myeon) is selected as a study area. This study investigated the possibility of adopting DRT system on the perspectives of the consumer and provider by the analysis of traffic condition such as the number of transportation vehicles, present bus service and regulation and conduct of questionnaire survey which includes present bus service and DRT system and so on. In conclusion, DRT system in Kimhae city will reduce transport cost, increase affordability through the betterment of service level and secure mobility rights for the transportation vulnerable.

In order to investigate the variations and corelation among PM10, PM2.5 and PM1 concentrations, the hourly concentrations of each particle sizes of 300 ηm to 20 μm at a city, Gangneung in the eastern mountainous coast of Korean peninsula have been measured by GRIMM aerosol sampler-1107 from March 7 to 17, 2004. Before the influence of the Yellow Dust event from China toward the city, PM10, PM2.5 and PM1 concentrations near the ground of the city were very low less than 35.97 μg/m3, 22.33 μg/m3 and 16.77 μg/m3, with little variations. Under the partial influence of the dust transport from the China on March 9, they increased to 87.08 μg/m3, 56.55 μg/m3 and 51.62 μg/m3. PM10 concentration was 1.5 times higher than PM2.5 and 1.85 times higher than PM1. Ratio of (PM10-PM2.5)/PM2.5 had a maximum value of 1.49 with an averaged 0.5 and one of (PM2.5-PM1)/PM1 had a maximum value of 0.4 with an averaged 0.25. PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations were largely influenced by particles smaller than 2.5 μm and 1 μm particle sizes, respectively. During the dust event from the afternoon of March 10 until 1200 LST, March 14, PM10, PM2.5 and PM1 concentrations reached 343.53 μg/m3, 105 μg/m3 and 60 μg/m3, indicating the PM10 concentration being 3.3 times higher than PM2.5 and 5.97 times higher than PM1. Ratio of (PM10-PM2.5)/PM2.5 had a maximum value of 7.82 with an averaged 3.5 and one of (PM2.5-PM1)/PM1 had a maximum value of 2.8 with an averaged 1.5, showing PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations largely influenced by particles greater than 2.5 μm and 1 μm particle sizes, respectively. After the dust event, the most of PM concentrations became below 100 μg/m3, except of 0900LST, March 15, showing the gradual decrease of their concentrations. Ratio of (PM10-PM2.5)/PM2.5 had a maximum value of 3.75 with an averaged 1.6 and one of (PM2.5-PM1)/PM1 had a maximum value of 1.5 with an averaged 0.8, showing the PM10 concentration largely influenced by corse particles than 2.5 μm and the PM2.5 by fine particles smaller than 1 μm, respectively. Before the dust event, correlation coefficients between PM10, PM2.5 and PM1 were 0.89, 0.99 and 0.82, respectively, and during the dust event, the coefficients were 0.71, 0.94 and 0.44. After the dust event, the coefficients were 0.90, 0.99 and 0.85. For whole period, the coefficients were 0.54, 0.95 and 0.28, respectively.

This study aims to examine the existing law-protected trees in the city of Daejeon and find out the way of creating urban small parks by utilizing them. To do this, this study reviewed previous research papers and scholastic writings, and surveyed present conditions and usage patterns of the 135 law-protected trees in the city of Daejeon.The result shows that the sites of 114 law-protected trees are possible to create as urban small parks and the sites of 42 trees, among them, have proper location and condition through the result of an evaluating sheet. To create urban small parks using the law-protected tree, considerations are as follows. First, the age, the origin, the tale, the cultural heritage, and so on should be carefully investigated through the scholastic research and survey. Second, systematical management system should be organized to maintain ecological sustainability. Third, each protected tree belongs to the community and the consciousness of citizens should be elevated to have a strong affection to them by educating and informing as a cultural heritage and a community symbol.

The purpose of this study was to clarify the effects of the environmental education system focusing on the knowledge, attitude and practice in relation to environmental education to the students in Mokpo middle school. The study is accomplished by the survey which includes a total of 268 inquiry lists sampled from four groups of the middle school, one of which composing of two middle schools having the environmental curriculum, hereafter referred as 'the case group' and the other group of two middle schools without the curriculum, hereafter referred as the 'the control group'. From the results of the average scores on the environmental knowledge, attitude and practice between the two groups, the case group showed better knowledge scores than the control group (p<0.05). The case group with environmental education were relatively high to the control group without environmental education to the attitude(p<0.05), and did not showed signifiant differences in the environmental practice. From the results of stepwise multiple regression analysis, the factor affecting the environmental knowledges was the interest in the environment problems (R2=0.130), economic status, academic achievement and the necessity of environment conservations in order. The factor most affecting to environmental attitude and practice were the interest in environmental problems of the parents.

본 연구는 국내 습지보전 계획수립에 대한 기초자료 제공에 그 목적이 있다. 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 안심습지에 분포하는 관속식물상은 57과 155속 179종 22변종 등 총 201 분류군이 요약되었다. 산림청 지정 희귀 및 멸종위기식물은 자라풀이었다. 습지식물의 경우 정수식물은 애기부들, 개피, 줄, 갈대, 고마리, 미나리, 물칭개나물, 침수식물은 말즘, 나사말, 검정말, 붕어마름, 물수세미로 나타났다. 그리고 부엽식물은 가래, 자라풀, 연꽃, 노랑어리연꽃, 부유식물은 생이가래, 개구리밥, 좀개구리밥으로 확인되었다. 귀화식물은 메귀리, 오리새, 소리쟁이, 묵밭소리쟁이, 털비름, 다닥냉이, 말냉이, 나도재쑥, 개소시랑개비, 벳지, 아까시나무, 족제비싸리, 토끼풀, 자주개자리, 가죽나무, 애기땅빈대, 큰달맞이꽃, 둥근잎유홍초, 둥근잎나팔꽃, 까마중, 큰개불알풀, 뚱딴지, 돼지풀, 도꼬마리, 개망초, 망초, 큰망초, 개쑥갓, 미국가막사리, 만수국아재비, 서양민들레, 붉은씨서양민들레, 방가지똥 등 총 33분류군이었다.

전주시 건지산 일대의 자원식물상을 조사 분석하여, 이를 토대로 건지산 도시자연공원의 생태계 보전을 위한 기초자료로 활용하고자 수행한바 다음과 같은 결론을 도출하였다. 전주시 건지산 일대의 자원식물상은 92과 242속 303종 48변종 3품종으로 총 354종류가 확인되었다. 자원식물을 용도별로 구분하면, 식용식물에는 205종류(57.1%), 약용식물에는 234종류(65.2%), 관상창식물에는 167종류(46.5%), 기타용 식물에는 218종류(60.7%)로 확인되었다. 식물구계학적 특정식물종에는 IV등급에 목련(식재)과 수염마름, III등급에는 호랑가시나무(식재)와 향나무(식재), II등급에는 꽃창포와 복자기(식재), I등급에는 전나무(식재), 잣나무(식재), 왕버들, 물오리나무, 종가시나무(식재), 애기괭이눈, 황매화(식재), 예덕나무, 대팻집나무, 사철나무(식재), 장구밥나무, 동백나무(식재), 정금나무, 까치수영, 들메나무, 광나무(식재)등의 16종류로 분석되어 총 22종류가 확인되었다. 귀화식물에는 큰이삭풀, 애기수영, 돌소리쟁이, 좀명아주, 개비름, 미국자리공, 다닥냉이, 아까시나무, 붉은토끼풀, 가죽나무, 큰달맞이꽃, 미국나팔꽃, 도깨비가지, 돼지풀, 미국쑥부쟁이, 미국가막사리, 기생초, 개망초, 붉은서나물, 방가지똥, 도꼬마리 등 12과 23속 28종 2변종으로 총 30종류가 확인되었으며, 귀화율은 전체 354종류의 관속식물 중 8.5%로 분석되었다. 이중 도깨비가지와 돼지풀은 환경부의 생태계교란야생식물로 최근 들어 건지산 일대에 개체수가 급속도로 증가하고 있는 실정임으로 이들의 세력 확장을 막기 위해서는 지속적인 관리와 대책방안이 요망된다.

The purpose of this study is to investigate city residents' attitudes and cognition of Daegu City toward Green Tourism. A Questionnaire survey was conducted in september, 2006. The sum of 515 copies was analyzed. City residents recognized the problems of leisure activities as 'burden of expense', 'lack of program diversity' and the advantages of this as 'withdrawal of stress and increase of vitality', 'promotion of health for themselves and their family'. Among theme experiential activities, they preferred 'health/leports experience' 'traditional food experience', 'traditional culture experience', 'nature-ecological experience', respectively. By the result of cross-table analysis, there are many differences between groups by gender & age. Therefore, further development of specific experiencing activity programs and marketing techniques, are required.

The present study investigated the causes and intensity of the urban heat island phenomenon by the seasons according to the pattern of land use in Chungju City. Highest temperature and lowest moisture areas of the urban were very similar to the distribution of commercial districts, on the other hand, lowest temperature and highest moisture areas were distributed in manufacturing districts, green zones and the Hoam Lake. If appear at intensity of the distance from the outer circumference of commercial districts, wind direction and the rise of temperature, we could observe the remarkable expansion of high temperature from commercial districts toward residential districts around of downwind in all seasons. In case the effect of the wind was not significant as well, high temperature in commercial districts appeared tendency that a little spread to 1, 2 residential districts around. But checked up the intimate relations between the amount of moving heat and wind, when out of consideration that size of area was not much compared than residential areas of downwind affected by the wind. These phenomenon was relatively obvious in summer, the other side, in spring and autumn appeared a similar tendency.

This study assessed the characteristics of emission and cell toxicology of Methylethylketone(MEK) in ambient air of industrial area. MEK is produced by the oxidation of sec-butyl alcohol and used as the solvent for making ink, printing, coating of film, bonding material and drug extraction. The MEK concentrations in the ambient-air of industrial area in Gimhae City was detected in the range of 25.4～1,580 ㎍/㎥ with an average 297.4 ㎍/㎥. The concentration of MEK showed a descending tendency from April to August followed by its increased tendency since then. The effects of MEK on the human lung cancer A549 cells was examined by the generation of Reactive Oxygen Species(ROS) and cytotoxicity. The range of MEK concentration detected in the area induced ROS generation affecting the oxidation state with a little effects on the viability of the cells.

This study was performed to provide the basic information on characteristics of groundwater pollution in Gyeongsan city. Forty two groundwater samples were collected, and pH, DO, COD, NH3-N, NO3--N, T-N, PO43--P, Cl, Ca, Mg, hardness, evaporate residues and others were investigated. And, ANOVA analyses were carried out to reveal the differences in water pollution indicator values of by industry, commerce/residence and agriculture areas. The results were as follows. 1. The mean values of pH, DO, COD, NH3-N, NO3--N, T-N, PO43--P, Cl, evaporate residues, Ca and hardness were 6.9, 7.9 ㎎/ℓ, 0.4 ㎎/ℓ, 2.44 ㎎/ℓ, 2.73 ㎎/ℓ, 6.06 ㎎/ℓ, 0.82 ㎎/ℓ, 32.72 ㎎/ℓ, 381.67 ㎎/ℓ, 41.53 ㎎/ℓ, 177.17 ㎎/ℓ, respectively. 2. As groundwater became deeper, the values of Cl, Ca, Mg, Na, hardness and evaporate residues remarkably increased, but those of COD, NH3-N, NO3--N, NO2--N, T-N decreased. 3. The values of COD, Cl, Ca, Mg, Na, hardness and evaporate residues were very high in industrial area, and those of NH3-N, NO2--N, T-N were very high in commercial/residential area, and those of NO3--N were a little high in agricultural area. 4. The correlations between depth and each value of Mg, Na, Fe, hardness and evaporate residues were highly positive, and those between DO and each value of Mg, Cu, Fe, hardness and evaporate residues were highly negative. 5. According to ANOVA analyses, the differences in three area groups (industry, commerce/residence and agriculture) on the values of NH3-N, T-N, evaporate residues, hardness, Ca, Mg, K and Fe were significant at 1% level.

대도시의 콘크리트 구조물은 주로 탄산화에 노출되고 이에따라 매립된 철근은 시간이 경과함에 따라 부식이 발생한다. 콘크리트 구조물의 조사 및 진단에서, 건전부의 탄산화 깊이가 주로 평가되며, 이를 근거로 내구수명이 평가된다. 그러나 일반적으로 교각과 같은 매스 콘크리트 구조물에서는 적절한 타설을 위하여 조인트를 설치하게 되며, 초기재령에서 균열이 쉽게 발생한다. 본 연구에서는 20년 경과된 국내 대도시의 교각 구조물을 대상으로 탄산화 깊이를 평가하였으며, 건전부, 균열부, 시공이음부와 같은 국부적인 환경을 고려하여 탄산화 거동을 분석하였다. 균열부 및 시공이음부의 탄산화 깊이는 건전부에 비하여 크게 증가하였으며, 피복두께가 작은 구조물에 대해서는 이러한 영향을 고려하는 것이 바람직하게 평가되었다. 또한 균열폭의 함수로 균열부 탄산화 깊이를 예측할 수 있는 기법을 제시하였으며, 기존의 실태조사 결과와 비교하여 그 적용성을 검증하였다.

본 연구는 군산시 월명공원일대의 자원식물을 특성별로 분류함으로써, 식물자원의 보전과 활용에 대한 자료를 구축하고자 수행한바 다음과 같은 결론을 도출하였다. 군산시 월명공원일대의 관속식물상은 105과 317속 417종 1아종 55변종 6품종으로 총 479종류가 확인되었다. 자원식물을 용도별로 구분하면, 식용식물에는 291종류(60.8%), 약용식물에는 335종류(69.9%), 관상용식물에는 234종류(48.9%), 기타용 식물에는 243종류(50.7%)로 분석되었다. 관속식물 중 희귀식물에는 쥐방울덩굴(보존우선순위; 151번), 목련(187번), 왕벚나무(110번), 청사조(67번)가 확인되었으며, 특산식물에는 개비자나무, 지리대사초, 은사시나무(식재종), 왕벚나무(식재종), 개나리(식재종), 갈퀴아재비, 병꽃나무, 털잔대, 벌개미취(식재종)까지 9종류가 확인되었다. 또한, 식물구계학적 특정식물종은 V등급에 왕벚나무(식재종)와 청사조, IV등급에 목련(식재종)과 등나무, III등급에는 꽝꽝나무(식재종), 단풍나무, 차나무, 갈퀴아재비까지 4종류, II등급에는층꽃나무, I등급에는 개비자나무, 왕버들, 물오리나무, 굴참나무, 참느릅나무, 쥐방울덩굴, 큰꽃으아리, 개구리발톱, 상산, 대극, 사철나무, 말오줌때, 거지덩굴, 피나무, 장구밥나무, 동백나무(식재종), 정금나무, 조개나물 등의 22종류가 확인되어 총 31종류(6.5%)로 분석되었다. 귀화식물에는 14과 35속 44종 2변종으로 총 46종류가 확인되었으며, 귀화율은 전체 479종류의 관속식물 중 9.6%로 분석되었다.

Long-term passive diffusive samplers(PDS) have been used to measure NO2 and SO2 concentrations at 21 sampling sites in Daejeon, Korea during the period of January 2000 - December 2002. The spatial distributions of annual NO2 and SO2 concentrations were mapped. Average annual NO2 concentration over the sampling period was 28.5±12.5 ppb, ranging from 1.2 to 81.7 ppb. Average annual SO2 concentration over the sampling period was 7.7±4.8 ppb, ranging from 0.6 to 26.8 ppb. On average, NO2 concentration was approximately 5.8%(1.6 ppb) larger in 2002. SO2 concentration was decreased by 13%(1.1 ppb) during the sampling period. The seasonal variation of NO2 and SO2 concentration was observed with a tendency to be higher in fall and winter. NO2 and SO2 concentrations measured at different site types(patterns of land use) show significant difference. The observed difference in concentration was associated with difference in emissions of NO2 from motor vehicles and SO2 by non-traffic fuel consumption for heating.

The overall purpose of this study was to investigate pedestrians and commercial business men and employers' recognition on management of street trees and green spaces along street sides. The followings were main results of this study. Both pedestrians and commercial business men and employers mostly perceived positive influence of street trees on urban environment and their business. In addition, pedestrians gave higher scores of positive influence of trees function than those of commercial business men and employers. Pedestrians showed strong intention to participate management activities of street trees or green spaces. This study indicated that negative perception on street trees came from improper management rather than existence of street trees. Therefore, more intensive management actions are needed.

The main purpose of this study was to comprehensively evaluate the local agenda 21 of Daegu City based on the evaluation model and propose important measures to solve its problems and improve the limitations. As a whole, the evaluation result of the local agenda 21 of Daegu City showed very low score, only 151 points out of 500 points and revealed it was below the level in all three domains of making process, designed content, and evaluation of implementation. The making process got only score below the half in all large indicators of understanding, driving, and rationality. This unsystematic and irrational process inevitably resulted in ambiguous and proclamatory content mainly expressing willingness to do. This fact means that the local agenda 21 of Daegu City has not served as the comprehensive local environmental plan containing visions, policies, ends and means. It did not suggest evaluation system and institutionalization of evaluation. These results of evaluation suggested that the existing local agenda 21 of Daegu City was neither useful nor effective and thus the totally new local agenda 21 should be prepared. Finally, important measures in making process, designed content and evaluation of implementation were proposed for the remaking.

The purpose of this work is to investigate the water quality change characteristics of treated water in water distribution systems of Water Treatment Plants (WTPs) of Jeju City. For this, the raw water, treated water and tap water that did not pass (named as not pass-tap water) and passed through the water storage tank (named as pass-tap water) were sampled and analyzed monthly from September 2001 to August 2002, for four (W, S, B and O) WTPs except for D WTP (where treated water is not supplied continuously) among WTPs of Jeju City. The concentrations of NO3- and Cl- of treated water in distribution systems changed little, but changed seasonally, which is considered to be based on the seasonal variation of the quality of raw water. The pH of treated water changed little in distribution systems for S WTP, but for the other WTPs, the pH of not pass-tap water was similar to that of treated water and the pH of pass-tap water was higher than that of treated water. The turbidity of treated water in distribution systems changed little except for W2 of W WTP and S4 and S5 of S WTP, where it was higher than that of each treated water. The residual chlorine concentrations between treated water and not pass-tap water changed little, but those between treated water and pass-tap water changed greatly, based on the its long residence time in water storage tank and so its reaction with organic matter, etc or its evaporation. The concentrations of TTHMs (total trihalomethanes) and CHCl3 that induce cancers in water distribution systems of these WTPs, were much lower than their water quality criteria and those in other cities. The concentrations of TTHMs of treated water and not pass-tap water were similar, but concentrations of pass-tap water were 1.5 to 2.0 times higher than those of treated water and not pass-tap water, due to the reaction of residual chlorine and organic matter, etc, with the result of long residence time in water storage tank.

The high surface area polymer, AquaMatsⓇ was used for the leachate purification process originated from the Samsan Dong Landfill in Ulsan Metropolitan City. And then, three species of dominant microbes were isolated and identified from AquaMatsⓇ. Gram staining revealed these microbes to be Gram-negative rod strains: They were identified as Agrobacterium radiobacter, Pseudomonas cepacia, Flavobacterium indologenes. All they showed no growth on media in which the leachate was added alone, but a rapid proliferation rate on media with yeast extract as nutrient requirements.

Water management treatment of coastal region has been an important problem in Jeju city since the distributions of pipeline of the pumping system made a bad view in coastal region. To solve the problem, we observed the pipelines that are on the surface around the coastal region from Tapdong to Doduhang. From the observations, we found that Todong and Dodu areas were not unsightliness because the all pipelines were located in underground. However, the other areas, such area Yongdam, Handugi, Yongdam fishing village, had a serious problem for the coastal landscape view. To solve the problem, at we estimated coastal land color characteristics of Jeju city based on the observation of the pipelines. The estimated color panel shows that the green, blue and grey colors are a dominant factors of the Jeju coastal region. Based on the color panel, we proposed two methods, that is, one is a short time treatment, the other is a long time one. The short is based on the colour treatment, which is pipeline colour changing into surround natural one. The long time is the construction plan design method. Although the later method was very useful in Jeju island. However, it takes a lot of time and money. Therefore, in the situation, the short time is the better than the long time one.