Universal Design involves designing products and spaces so that they can be used by the widest range of people possible. Universal Design evolved from Accessible Design, a design process that addresses the needs of people with disabilities. This paper introduces the universal design concept through analysis of causes of railway accident within the urban railway station. Railway accident analysis was performed by the internal facilities. We analyzed the standard of accident type, accident cause and accident subject such as elevator, escalator, stairs etc.

PURPOSES : Before-and-after studies of red light cameras were conducted with the aim of reducing the number of side right-angle collisions. Three different methods were used for the before-and-after studies, and the analysis results were compared. METHODS: This research used the naive before-and-after method, the comparison-group method, and the empirical Bayes method to study the effects of red light cameras on side-angle collisions. The results of the three before-and-after methods were compared and interpreted in terms of safety indications at signalized intersections. RESULTS: The research results showed that side right-angle collisions can be reduced by installing red light cameras at signalized intersections. All three methods guarantee safety improvements of 25~30% on average. With regard to the results of each method, the naive before-and-after method, the comparison-group method, and the empirical Bayes method showed safety improvements of 25.6%, 27.8%, and 29.7%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that red light cameras are an effective countermeasure to improve intersection safety. In particular, by installing red light cameras, side right-angle collisions can be reduced by up to approximately 25~30%.

Children’s play facilities have changed over a decade from the traditional play facilities in the front yard to the new type of commercial play facilities which install more exciting and enjoyable facilities, such as Kids Park. The more diversified in the type of facilities, the more difficult in the safety management by the existing system. The ‘Safety Management System of Children’s Play Facilities’ of MOSPA(Ministry of Security and Public Administration) has provided the safety information uni-directly by government sector to the private communities. Recently, multi-directional information sharing methods, such as community mapping are adopted actively in the social activities which have common purpose for making the better community by information sharing with government and private sector. On the purpose of citizen’s participation for safe play facilities and preventing accidents, this study investigated the status of child accidents and safety standards, especially focused on the children’s play facilities. And the way for sharing safety information among the communities with the GIS mapping skills is suggested in the respect of more easily monitoring and practically inputting the comments on the status of management of play facilities by real users based on their experiences. It is expected that more activities from the private sector would participate to the safety management of children’s play facilities by realizing the suggested system.

Aviation safety is increasingly important to secure the safety of the Republic of Korea Air Force (ROKAF). A critical activity for enhancing aviation safety is to analyze an accident throughly and to identify causes that can explain it reasonably. The results of such a systematic accident investigation can be effectively used for improving information displays, task procedures, and training systems as well as for reorganizing team structure and communication control system. However, the current practice of analyzing aviation accidents in ROKAF is too superficial and simple to diagnose them systematically. Additionally, the current practice does not give a full consideration to human factors that have been identified as main causes of most of the aviation accidents. With this issue in mind, this study aims to suggest a new approach to analyzing aviation accidents related to human factors.The proposed method is developed on the basis of several models and frameworks about system safety, human error, and human-system interaction. Its application to forty-two human factors-related accidents, which have occurred in ROKAF during the last ten years, showed that the proposed method could be a useful tool for analyzing aviation accidents caused by human factors.

This study highlights the theme of human error of train drivers, conducting empirical analysis on the relationship between organizational culture, safety climates, safety behavior, and accident. The empirical test results based on questionnaires received from 223 train drivers working at A subway firm indicated that relationship conflict and psychological reward as the elements of organizational culture variables showed a significant positive effect on CEO philosophy, communication, and boss's leadership. And only boss's leadership showed a positive influence on safety behavior, which in turn showed a significant negative relationship with accidents.

해양안전심판원은 해양사고가 발생하면 그 원인을 규명하고 재결결과에 따 라 관련 당사자인 해기사들을 징계할 수 있다 이러한 해양안전심판원의 재결 은 사고관련 당사자에게 직접적인 효력을 미침은 물론이고 후속적인 민사 및 형사소송에까지 중요한 영향을 미친다 또한 재결은 해양안전심판원의 심판관 에 의하여 행하여진다 심판관은 재결을 행함에 있어서 증거를 기준으로 하여 심증을 형성하고 이는 현행 해양사고의조사및심판에관한법률 제 조의 규정에 의거하여 증거의 증명력은 심판관의 자유로운 판단에 따른다 는 규정을 근거 로 증거의 증명력을 인정한다 본 연구에서는 충돌사고와 관련하여 상반된 결과를 보여주는 중앙해양안전심판원과 부산지방해양안전심판원의 재결결과를 분석한 후 민사소송법과 형사소송법을 참고로 하여 심판관의 증명력 인정범위 에 대한 기준을 제시해 보고자 노력하였다 그 연구결과로서 해양안전심판의 특성에 비추어 기본적으로 의 증 명력 인정범위내의 증명력보강에 의한 상승가능성 포함 의 해석상의 기준을 제시하였다 다만 해양사고는 그 경중을 분리할 수 있는 뚜렷한 기준을 제시하는 것이 사실상 불가능하다 또한 본질적으로 행정심판의 성질을 가지는 해양안전심판 이 범죄에 대한 형벌을 부과하는 절차인 형사소송법과 동일한 정도로 증명력 인정범위를 강력하게 제한할 필요는 없다는 점과 직권주의에 의한 관여가 전 혀 없이 중립적인 입장만을 견지해야하는 민사소송법상의 입증보다는 더 엄 격해야 한다는 점은 인정해야 한다 이에 따라서 일단 자유심증주의가 규정되어 있는 이상 심판관의 증명력 인 정범위를 완벽하게 고정시키는 것이 어렵다고 할지라도 민사소송법과 형사소 송법의 증명력 인정범위에 대한 기준을 참고로 하여 증거의 확보가 어려운 해양사고에서 객관적인 사실인정을 위해서는 증명력 인정범위에 대한 기준으 로서의 수치화의 제시가 어느정도 필요하다는 점은 분명하다 이러한 관점에 서 본 연구의 증명력 인정범위에 대한 기준의 제시와 증명력 보강에 대한 해 석방향의 제시는 후속연구를 위해서도 필요하다고 판단된다

Despite over eighty percent of industrial accidents were caused by unsafe behaviors, most safety programs still focus on changing workers’ internal status such as thinking and attitude rather than directly changing safe related behaviors. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the basic concepts and procedures of Behavior-Based Safety (BBS) which originated in applied behavior science (ABS), BBS attempts to change safety related behaviors by manipulating antecedents and consequences of workers’ behaviors. Also this paper introduces several case studies conducted globally in various industrial fields. These case studies highlight the procedures of BBS, their impacts on safety performance and accidents rate, and other business results. Based on these results, this paper proposes new guidelines for safety management.

The disaster and safety accidents in any construction site occur inevitably. Since the on-site disaster and accident occurrence became one of major concerning factors in construction site, architects & building executers have been flooded with safety management advices. The purpose of this paper is to survey and analyze the effect of the application of Safety Patrol Management System(SPMS) upon the reduction of disaster & accident occurrences in construction site. In order to estimate and reduce the disaster and accident ratio in construction site, various surveyed data has been analysed. It will establish the suitable design standards and suggest the basic database for estimating disaster and accident ratio.

지난 4월16일 발생된 세월호의 사고는 300명 이상의 인명피해가 발생되는 대형 참사로 기록되고 있다. 이로 인하여 국내외적인 국객이 현저히 추락하고 해상에서의 안전에 관한 후진적 이미지가 강하게 각인되었다. 그간 우리나라는 고도 성장기를 거쳐 경제적 성장은 이루었으나 국민생활의 안전지수는 후진성을 면치 못하고 있음을 반영하고 있다. 본고에서는 이러한 점을 인식하여 연안여객항로의 현황과 운영 실태를 분석하고, 안전한 해상여객운송을 위한 개선..

Seoul's regional dimension of human disasters, natural disasters, national infrastructure against personal injury arising from" Disaster and Safety Management Basic Act"emergency procedure, emergency rules and procedures introduced. This procedure is equally applicable to any type of disaster (natural disasters, social disaster, infection, infectious diseases, energy, state-based systems, complex disasters)to be.

This study highlights the theme of human error of train drivers, conducting empirical analysis on the relationship between emergency stress, psychological fatigue, safety behavior, and accident. The hypothetical test results based on questionnaires received from 223 train drivers working at A subway firm indicate that emergency stress shows a significant positive effect on psychological fatigue, which in turn shows a significant negative influence on safety behavior. And safety behavior is shown having a significant negative relationship with accident. These results suggest the necessity of corporate-level approaches to depict the drastic causes of drivers’ emergency stress, and to effectively manage this stress, as well as the necessity of making effort to enhance safety behavior, and to prevent or reduce accidents.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of risk awareness on injury experience in quick delivery service workers. Risk awareness has complicate characteristics such as its level of worker and worker's decision about the level of other's risk perception. Data were collected by interview survey with structured questionnaire about injury experience, risk perception, work characteristics, and socio-demographic characteristics of quick delivery service workers by cross sectional survey design in 2012. The sample size was 120 respondent of quick delivery service workers. Statistical method for this study was hierarchical logistic regression method with 3 different models using socio-demographic characteristics and work characteristics and risk perception, etc. The difference between the level of risk perception of quick delivery service and other’s was statistically significant effect on the experience of injury. Especially the higher the level of risk perception of quick delivery service workers is than other’s, the lower the injury experience of quick delivery service worker is. The limitation of this study can be found in survey design. The future study for investigation of mechanism of the combined effect of risk perception of quick delivery service workers and others on injury experience.

This study compared data regarding industrial accidents and awareness level for beauty product safety for four main parts of beauty industry such as hair-care, nail-care, skin-care, and make-up. Major risk factors in beauty industry are dust, musculoskeletal disorders, and organic solvent of beauty product in order of percentage. The specific types of industrial accidents in beauty industry are mainly associated with musculoskeletal system such as cuts, sprain, and varicose vein. They are mainly compensated by personal budget. The awareness levels of chemical and heavy metal containment for beauty product by beauty industry employee were 77.2% and 59.1% respectively. Most employee confirmed only important items of labelling requirement of beauty product. Also, most employee did not understand MSDS(Materila Safety Data) for chemicals used in beauty industry. Only 38.1% of beauty industry employee has had safety education while most employee (73.6%) realized that they needed safety education. Also, safety education supervised by KOSHA(Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency) was the most preferred. This study would be good basis for safe and healthy working environment of beauty industry employee.