This study was designed to evaluate food habits, anthropometry and obesity of 252 children(136 boys, 116 girls) aged 2~6 years old. The anthropometric indices were measured and food habits were surveyed. Average food habit score was 11.7/20.0 in boys and 11.8/20.0 in girls. It was found that 60.3% of the subjects belonged to fair score group(7-13) in food habits, while subjects in poor (0-6) and in excellent (14-20) were 30.6% and 9.1% respectively. There was no significant difference in food habits score between boys and girls. The food habits score tended to be higher as the mother's education level, total family income, number of siblings were increased. The mean height, weight and chest circumference of the subjects were much higher than the Korean standards. Evaluating the obesity by weight for height, 77.8% subjects was normal, 4.0% was underweight and 18.3% was obese. Underweight children did not seem to enjoy their meals and ate too slowly compared to normal or obese children. Therefore they needed to promote food habits by good nutritional education.

The purposes of this study are to evaluate the development of disabled children us- ing LAP(Learning Accomplishment Profile) and to investigate the correlation between subtest scores of LAP. The development scores were obtained using 244 items in 5 su-btests (gross motor, fine motor, cognitive, language/cognitive, and self help) of LAP in 34 children with delayed development from February, 1998 to March, 1999. The birth history and risk factors for developmental disablilty such as prematurity, hyperbilirubi-nemia, low birth weight, and seizure were evaluated. Collected data were analized by Pearson's correla tion coefficient and Mann-Whitney U test. The results were as follow : 1) Among the subtests of LAP scores, fine motor, language/cognitive, and self-help were signi ficantly correlated with the cognitive subtests scores (p > 0.001) 2) On the other hand, gross motor subtest scores were independent to cognitive sub-test scores. 3) The children who had history of seizure during neonatal period showed significantly low scores in language-naming, fine motor-writing, and self help-eating. The LAP is considered as a useful tool to evaluate the cognitive development disab- led children. Cognitive function significantly influence on other developmental areas es-pecially on fine motor development.

Since 1960, the change of architectural trend was dominated by two factors ; the one, the introduction of theory of language (including semantic, syntactic, pragmatic, linguistic, semiotic, structuralism, post-structurism) in design concept, the other, the adaption of high technology in building construction. In particular, the theory of language played an important role in the emergence of new tendency, which could be the alternative of modern architecture. Post-modernism and Typology in the 1960-70s, Deconstructivism in the 1980s and 'Folding' architecture in the 1990s, have continually borrowed a theoretical base from the thee of language. Placing the focus on the relation of contemporary architecture and theory of language with the interdisciplinary view, this study comes to the conclusion that the diverse architectural tendencies since 1960 depend on the 'champ d'enonce', which Michel Foucault, French philosopher, defined in his <Archeology du savoir>. The writings of many architects, like Robert Venturi, Micheal Graves, Aldo Rossi, Peter Eisenman, Rem Koolhaas, Bernard Tschumi, Gerg Lynn demonstrate our conclusion. This is an important finding which make possible consistent understanding about contemporary architecture.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cognitive perceptual performance in relation to activities of daily living in stroke patients who were treated at department of rehabilitation medicine of the Samsung Medical Center from December 5. 1996 to April 10, 1997. The cognitive perceptual performance was measured by the Lowenstein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment (LOTCA) and by the Modified Barthel Index (MBI) to evaluate activities of daily living(ADL). Sixty-seven stroke patients were the subjects in this study. Collected data analysis were completed by using t-test. ANOVA, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis. The following were as follow: 1. Among the subtest of the LOTCA, orientation to time, plain block design, reproduction of puzzle showed significant difference depending on patient's affected side. Orientation to time score was higher with left hemiplegic patients. Plain block design and reproduction puzzle score were higher with right hemiplegic patients. 2. Among the subtests of the MBI, dressing, ambulation, and self-care were significantly correlated with the subtests of the LOTCA in order of thinking operation, visuomotor organization, perception and orientation. 3. The result of the cognitive perceptual function affecting the MBI performance using multiple regression analysis, thinking operation was the most influential factor. The cognitive perceptual perfomance have significant correlation with activities of daily living skills. Also, it is an important factor to functional recovery after stroke. Therefore, accurate evaluation of cognitive perceptual performance after stroke with treatment of each patient's appropriate level should be done simultaneously with rehabilitation treatment to improve patient's activities of daily living skills.

The purpose of this study was to compare and evaluate various hand functions in the most common position (chair sitting, standing, floor sitting) used by cerebral palsied children with spastic diplegia. The results, analysed statistically, could be useful in suggesting treatment strategy for the improvement of hand function in such patient. For this study, 27 children mild or moderate spastic diplegia were chosen. They were patients of the Rehabilitation Hospital, Yonsei University Medical Center. Both dominant and nondominant hands were tested by the Box and Block Test. Bilateral hand function was tested by bead striding and card sorting activities. Collected data was analysed using univariate correlation analysis and MANOVA. Results were as follows: 1) In chair sitting there was a significant positive correlation between dominant hand scores in the Bloc and Box Test and chronological age, gestation period, and time of treatment initiation. In bilateral hand function, card sorting scores correlated positively with time of treatment initiation. 2) In standing, there was a significantly positive correlation between dominant hand scores in the Block and Box Test and time of treatment initiation. 3) In floor sitting, there was a significantly positive correlation between the dominance hand scores in the Block and Box Test and the tine of treatment initiation. Bead stringing, a bilateral hand activity, correlated positively with gestation period and birth weight but negatively with the postnatal incubation period. 4) That score of children who walked showed no significant difference in any of the three postures. 5) Highest test scores in children who could nat walk were in the Box and Block Test for nondominant hand in bead stringing for bilateral hand function. There scores occurred with the children in thee chair sitting posture. The results showed that, in order to improve hand function in children with spastic diplegia, it is necessary to maintain a well supported upright trunk posture with variations allowed for relevance to the chosen position of thee improvements hand activity being performed.

In order to grasp status of trace metals contained and corelation analysis between cereal and soils, the samples which have been collected from four myeons in Ulju-ku Ulsan-city were 48 for cereal and 48 for soils. The average Hg containing level' of samples is 0.006 ppm for cereal and 0.062 ppm for soil, Pb is 0.302 ppm for cereal and 1.137 ppm for soil, Cd is 0.012 ppm for cereal and 0.027 ppm for soil, Cu is 2.01 ppm for cereal and 0.885 ppm for soil, and Zn is 7.853 ppm for cereal and 2.366 ppm for soil. Corelation analysis between cereal and soils showed statistical significance for Hg, Pb and Cu, but it didn't show any significance for Cd and Zn.

The assesment of the safety of ship's transit in a curved narrow channl consists of the maneuvering safety determined by the chance of running aground, the maneuvering difficulty determined by shop's workload, and shiphandler's subjective evaluation. In this study to examine the correlation between shiphandler's subjectice evaluation and the maneuvering risk, the real-time and full-mission shiphandling simulator in the Korean Marine Training & Research Institutes(KMTRI) was utilized. In the conning bridge of the shiphandling simulator, 50 experienced masters conducted masters conducted the modeled vessel of 60,000 deadweight tonnage along the designed channel under 3 different envrinmental conditions. The findings were as follows: (1) The frequencies of stress levels, work difficulties, vessel controllability and overall workload of shiphandlers are similar irrespective of environmental conditions and they are able to be represented as shiphandler's subjective evaluation. (2) It is possible to assess and analyze theoretically the correlation between the shiphandler's subjective ecaluation and maneuvering risk each environmental cindition by quantifying the data obtioned from the tests. The results are as follows: ① As the degree of maneuvering risk increases, the shiphandler's subjective evaluation increases sharply near the curvature area of the desgined channel. ② In the area of the curvature of the designed channel, maneuvering risk increases sharply with the danger of running aground under the environmental condition of current and wind comung from the stem.

The assesment of the safety of ship's transit in a curved narrow channel consists of the maneuvering safety determined by the chance of running aground, the maneuvering difficulty determined by ship's workload, and shiphandler's subjective evaluation. In this study to examine the correlation between shiphandler's subjective evaluation and the maneuvering risk, the real-time and full-mission shiphandling simulator in the Korea Marine Training & Research Institutes(KMTRI) was utilized. On the conning bridge of the shiphandling simulator, 50 experienced masters conducted the modeled vessel of 60,000 deadweight tonnage along the designed channel under 3 different environmental conditions. The findings were as follows : (1) The frequencies of stress levels, work difficulties, vessel controllability and overall workload of shiphandlers are similar irrespective of environmental conditions and they are able to be represented as shiphandler's subjective evaluation. (2) It s possible to assess and analyze theoretically the correlation between the shiphandler's subjective evaluation and maneuvering risk under each environmental condition by quantifying the data obtained from the test. The results are as follows : ① As the degree of maneuvering risk increases, the shiphandler's subjective evaluation increases sharply near the curvature area of the designed channel. ② In the area of the curvature of the designed channel, maneuvering risk sincreases sharply with the danger of running aground under the environmental condition of current and wind coming from the stern.

오늘날 세계경제는 범세계화 시대라는 새로운 국면을 맞고 있다. 즉, 국별로 시장인 분리되어 있고 경쟁이 국지적 양상을 띠며 세계시장의 접근에 수출이 지배적인 수단으로 통용되던 초기의 국제화시대와 달리 세계시장이 통합되고 경쟁이 범세계화하며 생산의 국제화가 보편화되고 있다는 것이다. 이러한 범세계화시대에서 제기되는 중요한 질문은 기업과 국가간의 관계는 어떻게 변화할 것이며 국가의 입장에서 자국기업의 생산범세계화가 모국에 어떠한 영향을 미칠 것인가로 집약될 것이다. 첫번째 질문에 관하여 본고는 오늘날 기업과 국가, 세계간의 삼자관계는 더이상 국제경제론 이라는 기존의 준거틀에 의하여 분석될 수 없다는 점과 범세계화시대의 세계경제는 이제 경제학과 경영학의 공유분야(interface)로서 새로운 준거틀을 요구하고 있다는 점을 강조하고자 한다. 한 걸음 더 나아가 본고는 그동안 발전해온 다국적기업론과 교환양식론, 메조산업체론을 기초로 다국적기업과 국가가 대등한 위치를 차지하는 세계경제론이라는 새로운 준거틀을 세워보고자 시도할 것이다. 이렇게 세워진 세계경제론을 토대로 두번째 질문에 답하기 위하여 본고는 생산에서의 경쟁력 형태를 유형화할 것이다. 그동안 경쟁력에 관한 연구가 경쟁력의 원천과 시장에서의 형태에 집중되어 생산의 범세계화가 모국의 생산에 어떠한 영향을 미치는가를 분석하기에 적절하지 않았다. 본고는 생산에서 나타나는 경쟁력의 형태를 제품수명주기론을 기초로 제품기술과 공정기술, 마케팅기술로 구분함으로써 다국적기업이 어느 기술에 입각하여 국제생산을 수행하는가에 따라 모국 산업의 경쟁력에 미치는 영향이 다를 것이라는 것을 추론하고 있다. 이에 따르면, 다국적기업이 현지생산하는 제품의 경쟁력의 핵심원천이 제품기술과 마케팅기술일 경우 현지생산은 모국 산업의 경쟁력을 약화시키지 않지만 공정기술일 경우 모국 산업의 경쟁력을 약화시킨 것으로 예상된다.

본 연구는 중년여성을 대상으로 운동수행기간 별로 구분한 에어로빅운동군과 좌식 생활자의 신체계측, 식이섭취조사, 체력검사, 혈청지질검사를 하였으며 혈청지질과 각 인자와의 상관관계 및 체력과 신체계측과의 상관관계를 산출하였고 그 결과 및 결론은 다음과 같다. 1) 체력검사의 결과 : 조사대사장의 최고, 최저 혈압측정치는 좌식생활자에 비해 운동군이 낮았고 맥박은 운동수행기간이 길수록 그 수치가 낮아졌다. 맥압은 45이상인 자가 17.1%로 심장질환에 주의가 필요하였다. 근지구력과 점프력은 대상자 모두 정상범위이며 A군이 우세하였다. 유연성에서 C군은 미달이고 A군 정상범위이었으며 상반신근력은 A, C군 모두 정상범위에 미치기 못하였으며 평형성은 운동수행기간이 긴 AⅢ군이 가장 우세하였다. 2) 식이섭취 조사 결과 : 조사대상자들의 1일 섭취칼로리는 권장량과 비교하여 큰 차이를 나타내지 않았지만 단백질 섭취는 권장량에 따라 월등히 많이 섭취하였다 칼슘의 1일 섭취량은 권장량 600㎎에 비해 모두 높았고 철분은 운동기간이 가장 긴 AⅢ군이 (16.1+43㎎으로) 권장량 18㎎/day에 비해 섭취미달이었다. 식이중 콜레스테롤의 1일 섭취량은 한국정상인 1일 섭취량인 200∼300㎎과 큰 차이가 없었으며 식이 지질중 P/S률은 AⅡ군만 1.0보다 낮고 모두 정상비율이었다. 3) 식이와 혈청지질과의 상관관계 조사결과 :조사대상자들의 힐청지질중 중성지질과 단백질 섭취와는 r=0.42(p<0.05)로 유의전인 양의 상관으로 나타났다. 이는 과잉의 단백질 섭취의 결과로 중성지질로 전환됨을 일 수 있었다. 혈청 TC와 식이 TC와는 r=0.21이나 유의적 상관관계를 보이지 않았다. 이는 식이로 섭취된 TC가 혈청 TC에 큰 영향을 미치지 않았다고 사려된다. 4) 체력 및 체위와 혈청지질과의 상관관계 조사결과 : 혈청 TG, TC, LDL-C와 체력과는 음의 관계이며 HDL-C, HDL-C/TC와 체력과는 양의 관계이었다. 운동에 의한 체중 감량이 클수록 혈청 HDL-C농도가 높아졌으며 체력이 향상되면 혈청지질도 개선될 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. 최고혈압과 TC는 r=0.49(p<0.05), LDS-C와는 r=0.47(p<0.05)로 유의적인 양의 상관으로 혈압이 높으면 혈청 TC, LDL-C도 높게 나타났다. 5) 신체계측과 체력과의 상관관계 조사결과 : 체중감량과 윗몸일으키기는 r=0.71 (p< 0.001), 팔굽혀펴기와는 r=0.54(p<0.001)로 유의적인 양의 상관관계를 나타냈다. 즉 운동에 의한 체중감량은 근지구력을 높힐수 있으며 운동후 체중과 서서위로뛰기는 r=0.49(p<0.()5)로 유의적 양의상관을 나타냈다. 즉 aerobic운동에 의해 점프력이 향상될 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. 6) 식생활에 대한 설문분석 결과 :조사대상자들의 체지방율이 30%이상인사가 14.8%로 운동을 하게된 동기가 비만해소보다는 건강증진에 목적이 있었으며 식사형태는 육, 채식 혼합식이 71.9%로 균형된 식사의식이 높았다. 그러나 적당히 당질식품과 당음료를 섭취한다가 53.6%로서 과잉의 당질섭취로 중성지방 전환의 우려를 고려해야 할 것이며 83.2%가 카페인 함유 음료를 음용하므로 혈압상승 및 철분흡수의 방해가 우려된다.

This study was carried out to investigate the relationships and the variations of agronomic characteristics in the shoot and root part of grasses for the basic data of the development, the management and the utilization of pasture in the forest. This stud

본 연구는 7년, 13년근 산양삼의 생육특성과 진세노사이드 (G) 함량 간의 상관관계를 구명하기 위하여 수행되었다. 6개소의 산양삼의 생육특성을 조사한 결과, 뇌두길이, 뿌리길이, 생중량, 단면적, 표면적, 부피에 있어 13년근 산양삼이 7년근 산양삼에 비하여 유의적으로 높은 것을 확인하였다. 진세노사이드 11종에 대한 함량은 G-Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Re, Rf, Rg1, Rg2 함량이 13년근 산양삼이 7년근 산양삼 보다 유의적으로 높은 수치를 확인하였다. 또한 산양삼과 인삼(재배삼) 진세노사이드 함량 을 비교한 결과, 13년 산양삼에서 G-Rb1, Rd, Re, Rf, Rg1이 4 년, 5년근 인삼(재배삼)에 비해 유의적으로 함량이 높은 것으로 확인되었다. 산양삼 연근별 생육특성과 진세노사이드 함량 간의 상관관계를 분석한 결과, G-Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Re, Rf, Rg1, Rg2 함량은 뇌두길이, 생중량, 단면적, 표면적, 부피와 유의정인 정의 상관관계를 보였으며, G-Rb1, Re, Rf, Rg2는 줄기직경 과 부의 상관관계를 확인하였다. 본 연구는 산양삼의 7년근과 13년근을 대상으로 생육특성과 진세노사이드 함량 상관관계를 구명함으로써 연근에 따른 품질규격 정립에 유용한 정보를 제공 할 것으로 판단된다.

We investigated the effects of heavy metals in cement in the last 3 years and the amount of waste in the cement manufacturing process. The result shows that the average Cr6+ content in cement products is controlled at 10 mg/kg. Cu and Pb have lower detection tendency in white cement than in ordinary portland cement. In addition, heavy metals such as Cd show a certain level of detection regardless of the input wastes. Copper slag and phosphate gypsum are the main influencing factors on the heavy metals in cement products. In auxiliary fuels, plastics waste and wood waste are considered to affect heavy metals in cement products. Alternative raw materials are considered to be affected by the alternative raw materials managed as byproducts. In the case of supplementary fuels, auxiliary fuels managed as waste instead of auxiliary fuels managed as byproducts affect the heavy metals in cement. This study examined the input amount without considering the heavy metals in each waste. Therefore, the result may vary in different situations, and further research must be conducted to supplement the findings. However, if the heavy-metal contents in the waste are constant, it can be used as a reference material for the control of heavy metals in cement products.