Risk Assessment, a basis of health and safety management system, is an calamity prevention activity which regularly measure the level of a risk to passively improve potential hazard. A problem, the assessment not being improved to be applied to the construction work site where requires diversity and complexity, causes the assessment to be inefficient to bring quality results. A study on the investigates and compares the surveyed degree of recognitions of workers who works in companies executing the risk assessment By the investigation and comparison, it is expected to bring the better solution for early and efficient application for those companies which are not taking the risk assessment.

We studied the risk analysis of fire and explosion caused by gas leak in underground-parking of gas vehicle. However, an entrance regulation of gas vehicles (H2/LPG/CNG etc.) to underground garages has not been enacted in Korea. Incase, a gas explodes in an underground parking garage placed in overcrowded residential area, such as an apartment, the scale of the damage would cause tremendous disaster. Faults of vehicle parts and management problems were evaluated by using the Failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA), which is a qualitative analysis method. The range of the damaged area by the explosion and the damage scale by the explosion pressure were analyzed by using the process hazard analysis software tool (PHAST). The study is expected to facilitate enactment of the regulation for the underground parking to restrict the gas vehicle.

Changes in ecosystem risks were evaluated using the ecosystem-based fisheries assessment (EBFA) approach of Zhang et al. (2009, 2010) and the comprehensive ecosystem-based fisheries management (EBFM) plan was made for the southern sea of Korea in this study. The risk assessment of the southern sea ecosystem was conducted by establishing ecosystem management objectives and by estimating risk scores (RS) for indicators. To conduct this analysis a number of indicators and their reference points for assessing these risk scores were developed in this study. The number of indicators in the risk analysis was 28 for the quantitative tier 1 analysis and 30 for the qualitative tier 2 analysis. The objective risk index (ORI), species risk index (SRI) and fisheries risk index (FRI) were calculated from the risk scores. Comparing the past (1988) and the current (2008) status of fisheries resources, management implications were discussed. The fishery risk index (FRI) of large purse seine fishery in the southern sea of Korea decreased substantially from 0.972 in 1988 to 0.883 in 2008, and improvement in the management of fisheries operated in the southern sea of Korea.

연안어선의 보안 사고 및 보안관리 현황을 분석하고 리스크를 저감할 수 있는 방안을 모색하고 연안어선 이용자를 대상으로 보안위혐요소와 취약성 조사를 실시하였다. 공경비 중심의 보안위협저감 대책에 부가하여 해양민간보안경비 제도 활성화 방안과 연안어선 보안사고 예뱡대응 시스템을 제시 하였다

도로를 주행하는 차량이 강풍구간을 지날 때 바람에 의한 횡력으로 경로를 벗어나 추돌사고를 일으킬 수 있다. 또한 높은 풍속에서는 차량이 전도하면서 대형 사고를 유발할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 우선 횡풍에 의한 차량의 경로이탈과 전도에 대한 해석 매카니즘을 고찰하였다. 그리고 차량의 횡풍 위험도를 파악하기 위해 승용차와 트럭 등 10종의 대표 차량에 대한 위험도 해석을 실시하였다. 또한 횡풍 위험도가 차량의 주행속도와 특성 등에 따라 많은 편차가 있으며, 편차 발생 원인을 분석하였다. 본 연구 결과는 강풍이 잦은 도로환경에서 주행안전성 확보 방안을 마련하기 위한 기초자료로 활용 가능할 것이다.

최근 테러의 발생빈도가 증가하는 가운데 테러는 불특정 다수의 사람이 모이는 건물에서 집중적으로 발생하고 있다. 이중 고층, 초고층 빌딩에서 발생하는 테러는 막대한 피해를 발생시킨다. 이에 따른 건물의 테러피해 경감을 위한 다양한 연구가 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 비교적 수행절차가 간단하며 단기간에 실행이 가능한 Fema 455 - Rapid Visual Screening을 통해 현재 사용 중인 국내 고층 초고층 건물의 테러에 대한 위험도를 평가하여 국내 건물이 가지는 공통적인 테러 위험요소를 확인하였다. 평가결과 대상 건물은 모두 중위험도의 범위에 있다. 이는 국내 고층, 초고층 건물의 외부 환경적인 특징이 비슷한 데에 그 원인이 있었다.

The objective of this study is to develop an evaluation model for the National highway risky areas. Thus, for the purposes of doing this, National highway risky area evaluated targeting to provide determination ranking and suggesting rival-superiority factors as well as under-inferiority factors in ten National highway risky areas. This study developed for modules of risky areas evaluation, using fuzzy set theory and analytic hierarchy process for evaluation model of National highway risky area in transport environment. The preceding studies assess risk analysis through analysis of causal relationships by National highway safety sector not only handles rating scale development suitable for assessment area by referring to accident frequency model but also geometric structures model. As result of this study, this model of Fuzzy Ahp Risk Analysis (FARA) apply for programmable design in real time processing through easily derive strategy for improvement activities to provide a decision-making effectively. Furthermore, this study contributes frame for improvements of National highway construction for renovation's priority strategy as well as future's policy schemes.

제품의 제제조에 관한 연구는 최근 녹색사업(green business)으로서 주목을 받고 있는 청정생산 중 재활용의 한 부분으로서 관심을 받고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 리스크분석방법을 활용하여 재제조 가능성을 진단하는 실용적 기술을 개발하는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 재제조 설계과정에서 리스크평가를 지원하기 위해 각 프로세스의 안전수준을 반영할 수 있는 위험성분석표와 리스크 분류매트릭스를 개발하였다. 평가를 위한 분석표는 고품(core)을 재제조할 가치가 있는지에 대한 의사결정을 하는데 필요한 기준자료가 된다.

In the steel industry, steel is manufactured and processed to produce a variety of steel products. The industry provides fundamental materials to the whole range of industries including car, ship, electric appliance and construction industries, so that it is very important as an infrastructure industry. The steel manufacture process involves aerial work, many danger factors caused by the treatment with hazardous gases including BFG and COG and by high pressure gases including H2, O2, N2 and LPG. It requires the management over the large area because many workers work in a plant. The potential dangers in the steel plant were identified and the effect of the danger assessment was verified through the analysis of the danger assessment for the steel plant. The allowed degree of danger was lowered after the improvement through the danger assessment in the plant where the case studies were conducted, which indicates that the danger assessment is highly effective.

대형 화물자동차의 사고는 일반적인 사고와 달리 심각한 인명피해 등을 동반할 확률이 높다. 장거리 운행이 많은 화물자동차 운전특징으로 인해 운전자의 피로 및 피로로 인한 사고가 높다. 이러한 피로와 관련된 사고를 감소시키기 위해서 외국에서는 운전자의 피로에 영향을 주는 중요변수인 운전시간, 수면시간, 운행형태 등을 고려하여 운전자의 운행시간(Hour-of-Service:HOS)을 법으로 규정하고 있다. 운송업체 또한 운전자들의 사고를 감소시키기 위해 법정 운전자 근무시간 준수를 위해 노력하고 있는 실정이다. 그러나 우리나라는 화물자동차 운전자의 피로와 관련 사고율을 줄일 수 있는 기초적인 법정 운전자 운행시간 조차 제시되지 않고 있다. 본 연구는 우리나라 화물자동차 사고사망자수를 감소시킬 수 있는 운전자의 근로기준법 제정 필요성을 제시하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해서 현재 운영 중인 선진외국의 화물자동차 운전자 운전시간 및 운행규정을 살펴보고 실증적 자료를 통해 운전시간에 따른 사고 위험도의 차이를 살펴보았다. 실증적 자료는 미국의 화물자동차 3곳의 사고 자료 231명의 운행일지와 사고가 나지 않은 자료 462명의 운행일지를 수집, 총 693명 운전자의 운행일지를 수집하였다. 운전자의 연속된 운행에 대한 특징을 반영할 수 있도록 time-dependent 로지스틱 회귀모형을 사용하였다. 분석결ㄹ과 운행시간 1시간부터 3시간까지 운전한 운전자 사고위험도 차이는 없는 것으로 나타났다. 운행시간이 10시간인 운전자는 운행시간 1시간인 운전자보다 사고위험도가 약 2.2배 높은 것으로 분석되었다. 결론적으로 운행시간이 증가할수록 사고위험도 또한 증가한다는 것을 알 수 있다. 또한 본 연구는 우리나라의 지역적 특성과 운전자 특성에 맞는 운전자 운전시간 설정을 위한 연구방향 및 향후 연구과제에 대하여 연급하였다.

The psychosocial stress and musculoskeletal disorders(MSDs) have been one of major health problems for hospital workers. This study tried to understand the relationship between symptoms associated with MSDs and risk factors such as working posture, job stress, psychosocial stress and fatigue. A total number of 655 hospital workers participated in this study. Specifically, REBA was applied for evaluating working posture and a checklist prepared by KOSHA(Korean Occupational Safety and Health Agency) was used for symptom survey. A questionnaire from KOSHA was also used for collecting data associated with job stress, psychosocial stress and fatigue. All these data were formulated and modeled by path analysis which was one of major statistical tools in this study. Specifically, path analysis for the data we collected came up with several major findings. As a result, as for body part(neck), (waist) and (arms) the degree of risk of work posture measured with the use of job stress(KOSS), psycho-social stress(PWI-SF) and REBA is significantly more affected by fatigue than muscular skeletal disease related consciousness symptom. However, regarding bod(wrist), the degree of risk of work posture measured with the use of job stress(KOSS) and REBA is directly affected by muscular skeletal disease related consciousness symptom. This study is meaningful in that the study clarified the causal relations of the degree of risk of work posture, degree of fatigue, and muscular skeletal disease related consciousness symptoms by each body part measured with the use of work stress(KOSS), psycho-social stress(PWI-SF) and REBA.

In the steel industry, steel is manufactured and processed to produce a variety of steel products. The industry provides fundamental materials to the whole range of industries including car, ship, electric appliance and construction industries, so that it is very important as an infrastructure industry. The steel manufacture process involves aerial work, many danger factors caused by the treatment with hazardous gases including BFG and COG and by high pressure gases including H2, O2, N2 and LPG. It requires the management over the large area because many workers work in a plant. The potential dangers in the steel plant were identified and the effect of the danger assessment was verified through the analysis of the danger assessment for the steel plant. The allowed degree of danger was lowered after the improvement through the danger assessment in the plant where the case studies were conducted, which indicates that the danger assessment is highly effective.

묘도-광양간 현수교는 광양항에 진입하는 항로에 위치해있으므로 큰 배들에 대하여 충돌 방지공이 필요하다. 본 논문은 선박충돌을 고려하여 위험도 분석과 비선형 수치해석을 실시하였다. 위험도 분석 결과 충돌 방지공 설치 이전에는 연간 파괴확률이 기준치인 0.0001을 초과하여 충돌 방지공이 필요한 것으로 분석되었다. 따라서, 선박의 충돌을 방지하기 위해서 인공섬과 콘리트트 블록으로 만든 방파제 벽을 사용하여 설계하였다. 계획된 충돌 방지공 설치 후 비선형 수치해석 결과 교량에 미치는 하중이 교량의 내하력 이내로 나타나 선박 충돌시에도 교량의 안정성이 확보되는 것으로 나타났다.

The statistics probability approach for microbial risk assessment (MRA) has been recognized as an efficient method because this probability approach, which can be presented the diversity, variability, and uncertainty for the environmental factors of food processing, provide better realistic results than point estimate. This study was conducted to determine of probability statistics for the environmental factors of the pork-cutting processing i.e. the processing time, the pork meat temperature, and processing room temperature etc. As the input parameters for the MRA, triangular distribution and normal distribution were selected as an efficient probability distribution model, these distributions were analyzed by the simulation. The simulation results showed the processing time estimated 53 min as mean (5% - 22 min and 95% - 98 min), pork meat temperature estimated 4.83 ℃ as mean (5% - 2.25 ℃ and 95% - 7.12 ℃, 48.78% exceed 5 ℃), and processing room temperature estimated 17 ℃ as mean (5% - 10.92 ℃ and 95% - 22.56 ℃, 71.178% exceed 15 ℃).

A successful fire risk assessment is depends on identification of risk, the analytical process of potential risk, on estimation of likelihood and the width and depth of consequence. Take the influence on enterprise into consideration, Fire risk assessment could carry out along the evaluation of the risk importance, the risk level and the risk acceptance. A large part of the limitation of choosing the risk assessment techniques impose restrictions on expense and time. If it is unnecessary high level risk assessment or Probabilistic Risk Assessment of buildings, in compliance with the Relative Ranking Method, Fire risk indexing and assessing is possible. As working-level technique, AHP method is useful with practical technique.

목적 : 본 연구는 work sampling 기법과 단면분석법을 이용하여 제조업 종사 근로자의 근골격계질환 노출 위험수준을 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법 : 이를 위해 자동차부품 제조업 종사 근로자 29명의 근골격계질환 증상을 자기기입식 설문지로 조사하여, 그 정도를 기준1(KOSHA), 기준2(NIOSH), 기준3(인천노동과학연구소)으로 구분하였다. 그리고 개별 근로자의 작업과정을 고성능카메라로 촬영한 후 OWAS, RULA, REBA를 사용하여 work sampling 기법(1초당 1컷)과 단면분석법으로 근골격계질환 위험수준을 분석하였다. 결과 : 신체부위 중 1부위 이상 통증이 있다고 호소한 근로자는 기준1 24명(82.8%), 기준2 22명(75.9%), 그리고 기준3 19명(65.5%)이었다. 인간공학적 측정도구를 이용한 근골격계질환 노출위험수준은 OWAS는 단면분석-조치단계 4(근골격계에 매우 심한 해를 끼침), work sampling-조치단계 2(근골격계에 약간의 해를 끼침)인 근로자가 3명이었다. 또, RULA는 단면분석-조치단계 4(정밀조사와 즉각적인 개선필요), work sampling-조치단계 3(계속적 관찰과 빠른 작업개선 요함)인 근로자가 2명이었고, REBA에서는 단면분석-조치단계 3(위험 높음), work sampling-조치단계 2(위험 보통)인 근로자가 3명으로 분석되었다. 단면분석과 work sampling 기법에서 고위험군과 저위험군의 일치도는 OWAS Kappa=.4423, RULA Kappa=.4938, 그리고 REBA Kappa=.5193이었다. 결론 : Work sampling 기법을 이용하여 근로자의 근골격계질환 노출위험수준을 객관적으로 분석할 수 있었으며, 결과를 토대로 근로자 작업환경의 개선이 우선적으로 필요한 작업자를 선정하는데 신뢰할만한 방법임이 확인되었다.

In this study, with the objects of 173 institutions of university and research institutions, investigation was carried out through visit investigation ar d questionnaire investigation. Frequency and severity of occurrences was acquired mainly through universities and research institutions which have reported occurrences of accidents to the Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology. Quantitative danger evaluation was conducted through frequency and strength of occurrences. Case study was carried out by selecting bio science laboratory of university and as the result of this study, degree of danger among the inspection objects of bio science laboratories, laboratory work place was evaluated as the most dangerous with the scores of 155.00 and as the result of average danger level, compression gas cylinder was evaluated as the most dangerous with the scores of 6.4000.

There are many reason for unsafety action without safety operation. The reason is no standard safety operation in company or the workers never get a enough education. Standard safety operation is prepared by paper for accurate directions and orders and operators must read the paper to prevent an error of action. Also an essential particular is safety of equipment and machine must be assumed to establish standard safety operation then safety of operations will be possible.