과학연구를 하는 방법은 매우 다양하다. 과학영재아들로 하여금 본연의 과학연구능력을 개발하고 구현하도록 하는 목적을 달성한다는 것은 이미 알려진 영재교육의 목표이다. 여기서 과학연구능력이라고 할 때 과학연구의 요소는 무엇인가 살펴볼 필요가 생기며 하나의 과학연구가 존재하기 보다는 다양한 연구밥법이 공존한다는 입장이 더 설득력이 있다. 본 연구는 연구능력의 다양한 측면과 특성을 알아보는 탐색연구이며 더 세부적으로 들어가서 과학과정 능력 중 실험설계능력에 초점을 맞추었다. 물론 연구능력이라고 할 때에는 문제발견, 과학지식, 자아통찰 등 다양한 영역이 포함된다. 본 연구에서는 실험설계능력을 보기 위해 1990년 Fowler가 개발한 Diet Cola Test를 국내의 학생들이 사용할 수 있도록 번안하여 사용하였다. 전국 과학영재교육 프로그램에 참여하는 학생 중 총 705명의 초등학교 3학년에서 고등학교 1학년 학생들이 연구대상이 되었으며 과학교육분야에서의 문제중심학습과 창의적 사고력이라는 부분에 초점을 맞추어 연구자료를 해석하였다.

Process capability indices are widely used in industries and quality assurance system. When designing the parameter on the multiple quality characteristics, there has been a study for optimization of problems, but there has been few former study on the possible conflicting phenomena in considertion of the correlations among the characteristics. To solve the issue on the optimal design for multiple quality characteristics, the study propose the expected loss function with cross-product terms among the characteristics and derived range of the coefficients of terms. Therefore, the analysis have to be required a multivariate statistical technique. This paper introduces to multivariate capability indices and then selects a multivariate process capability index incorporated both the process variation and the process deviation from target among these indices under the multivariate normal distribution. We propose a new multivariate capability index MCpm using quality loss function instead of the process variation and this index is compared with the proposed indices when quality characteristics are independent and dependent of each other.

The results of this study has been split into two components, On set of results addressed the strategy of developing a Agility for maintenance consumer. The other set of results addressed the strategy of illuminating the successful measurement and concepts formed during the maintenance problem solving process, especially in the context of the Logistics Information system by aggregation information space. This paper presented a classifiable elements of Agility & Measurement of logistics capability in the Korea market. These concepts are positioned in a framework to give a better understanding what the consequences are of the changing business environment. The developments towards more globalization which leads to centralization and mass individualization that has a tendency to go more in the decentralized solutions, seems to be in contradiction. we will focus a proposal of Logistics information system and demand management decisions that should be a prime concern of any profit maximizing firm, unready strategy of investment. and we will prove the facts that it could be a guiding company which has a ability of cooperation with entities through the founding of supply chain, On the conclusion, we will show the variation which influences for capacity entities and alternative proposal to define a element which influnce for a cause and effect basically.[5]

Male rats were fed a purified diet containing one of 3 experimental diets, gelatinized rice starch that was not modified physically (RC), gelatinized physically modified rice starch using ultrasonic homogenizer(RU), gelatinized physically modified rice starch using hydroshear homogenizer(RH) during 28 days. RC was used as the rice starch control. Feeding a physically modified rice starch (RU) caused an increase in liver weight and RH increased RNA and protein contents in kidney significantly although there were no differences in food intakes compared to feeding a RC diet. The wet weight of liver, kidney and heart were higher in RU. The wet weights of fecal output of the rats fed RH was greater than in rice control group. The gut transit time was longer in the rats fed RH than in the rice control group significantly. Serum GOT, GPT, total bilirubin concentration were tended to be lower and blood urea nitrogen was significantly lower in RH group. The maturation index of kidney was higher in RU than in RC. These results suggest that physically modified rice starch improved growth performance and physiological functions in organs of growing rats.

미토콘드리아는 세포내의 에너지대사에서 중요한 역할을 수행하는 세포내 소기관이며, 자체의 유전물질이 모계를 통해 유전되는 특징을 가지고 있다. 포유류 초기 배아의 발생과정에서 미토콘드리아의 역할과 기능에 대한 연구는 미진한 상태이다. 본 연구에서는 생쥐 초기 배아의 발생과정에서 관찰할 수 있는 미토콘드리아 미세구조의 변화 양상을 살펴보고, 이와 초기 배아의 발생 능력과의 관련성을 밝혀보고자 하였다. 과배란 유도된 ICR 생쥐로부터 배란된 난자와 2-세포기 배아를 수획하여 76 배양액으로 포배기까지 체외배양하면서, 각각의 발생단계에 따라 시료를 수획하였다. 미토콘드리아 미세구조의 변화는 일반적인 투과전자현미경방법(TEM)을 이용하여 관찰하였다. 미토콘드리아의 미세구조는 배란 난자에서 4-세포기 배아까지는 구형이고 크리스타가 발달하지 않은 원시형태였지만, 포배기로 발달함에 따라 크리스타가 발달된 막대형의 전형적인 미토콘드리아로 분화됨이 관찰되었다. 체외배양 중에 발생이 지연되거나 정지된 배아에서 관찰한 미토콘드리아의 미세구조는 공포화 (vacuolization), 크리스타 발달 지연, 손상된 미토콘드리아의 세포막 등과 같은 비정상적인 변형을 관찰할 수 있었다. 또한, 극체에 존재하는 미토콘드리아의 미세구조는 정상적인 핵내의 유전자와의 상호작용이 없어 미분화 상태로 포배기까지 유지되는 것을 관찰하였다. 이상의 결과를 통해 미토콘드리아의 정상적인 분화 과정이 초기 배아의 발생능력과 관련되어 있음을 알 수 있었으며, 포유류 초기 배아의 체외배양시스템을 개선하는데 미토콘드리아 미세구조의 관찰과 변화에 대한 고려가 있어야 될 것으로 생각된다. buffer A 용액으로 세척하여 유리 petri dish의 바닥에 부착된 macrophage만을 cell scraper로 분리하였다. 분리한 macrophage는 0.5-1 cells/가 되게 조정하여, IL-I 을 0.001, 0.01, 0.1 또한 1 ng/를 첨가하여 농도에 따른 효과를 조사하였고, 각각 24, 48, 72, 96 또한 120시간을 배양하여 시간에 의한 효과도 실시하였다. 각 배치구에서 얻어진 배양액은 TGF-를 조사하기 전까지 -2에 동결 보존하였다. TGF-의 측정은 TGF- kit(promega, USA)를 이용하여 실시하였으며, 통계학적 분석은 Anova test를 Statview program을 이용하여 분석하였다. 시험의 결과 대조구에 비해 IL-I 첨가구는 2-3배의 TGF-생산을 보였으며, 배양시간에 따른 생산은 시간이 지남에 따라 약간 상승하는 경향을 보였으나, 유의적인 차이를 보이지는 않았다. 또한 IL-I의 농도에 따른 생산의 변화는 IL-I의 농도에 따라 약간의 차이를 보였고 유의적인 차이는 인정되지 않았다. 임신 및 비임신의 경우 임신우의 비장 macrophage가 비임신보다는 약간 상승하는 거스로 나타났다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때 IL-I 는

Objective: The purposes of this study were to understand behavior problems of preschoolers and to investigate the relationship between behavior problems and the sensory processing skills. Participants: Parents of preschoolers between ages of 4 and 6 who attended D kindergarten or S nursery school in the national capital region. Method: Parents filled out the questionnaire at home from 12th to 14th of August in 2002. We used SSP (short sensory profile) which was used by Kim, Mi-Sun in 2001 to understand the sensory processing skills. We also used CBCL (child behavior checklist) which was reconstructed by Jung, Yeon-Woo in 2001 to understand behavior problems. The results were analyzed with SAS 6.12. Results: 1. The total incidents in behavior problems were 87 out of 200. And the total incidents in sensory processing were 164 out of 190. Among low-ranking patterns, the mark of overactivity was highest with 21.56 point and the mark of flinching activity was lowest with 13.97 point. 2. There was no significant difference in the gender comparison of sensory processing, but there were significant differences in gender comparison of aggressive behavior and flinching behavior in behavior problems. 3. There was no significant finding in age difference. 4. In correlation between behavior problems and sensory processing skills, as the incidents of hyperactivity rose the incidents of underresponsive/seeks sensation and auditory filtering decreased significantly. In relations, as the incidents of anxiety behavior rose the incidents of underresponsive/seeks sensation and auditory filtering decreased significantly. In relations, as the incidents of flinching behavior rose, incidents of movement sensitiveness, low energy and weakness decreased. In relations, as the children acted aggressively the incidents of sensitiveness, low energy, weakness and auditory filtering decreased. In relations, as children acted immaturely the incidents of sensitiveness, underresponsive/seeks sensation, auditory filtering, low energy and weakness decreased significantly. Conclusions: We hope that the children who have behavior problems with difficulties in sensory processing skills can be distinguished on the basis of this study. And we also hope the development of a study which can present the effectiveness of sensory integrative treatment for the children with behavior problems.

Objective: To explore the effectiveness of sensory integrative procedures in promoting postural control, bilateral coordination and motor planning outcomes in child with developmental delay. Design: A single-subject ABA research design. Setting: Early Intervention Center of University. Participant: A 7-year-old boy with developmental delay. Interventions: Sensory integrative procedure. The subject was tested four times before, four times during, and three times after intervention. Main Outcome Measure: Part of subtests of DeGangi-Berl Test of Sensory Integration, Bruininks-Oseretsky Motor Proficiency and Sensory Integration and Praxis Test. Result: Postural control and motor planning are effected on sensory integrative procedure. Bilateral coordination did not change by this study. The quality of performance was increased by the therapy.

On a conceptual point of SCM, as a order of development, physical distribution, logistics management, basic supply chain management and advanced supply chain management etc. they are magnifying gradually, confusing with information and analysis techniques which seems possible. But on executing, it has a lot of problems because it is so complex and wide, so the enterprise which knows necessity of SCM, they don't have a total execution solution. On this paper, we will focus a proposal of alternatives with reasonableness of manufacturing and making a profit of sales department like most of enterprises to overcome carelessness and unready strategy of investment. And we will find a element through a analysis of cases, a statistical method of effective SCM, and actual survey to propose a alternative proposal. And, we will prove the facts that it could be a guiding company which has a ability of cooperation with entities through the founding of supply chain.