Soil harbours great biodiversity and governs the ecosystem processes such as nutrient cycling and energy flow. Among groups of mesofauna, soil mites; oribatids, gamasids, prostigmatids, astigmatids are hyper-diverse and abundant in soil ecosystem. This renders the use of soil mite assemblage for biological indicator of the ecosystem health. Gamasida are the main predator among the soil mesofauna, playing a crucial role in maintaining the soil food web and contribute significant influence on material cycling and energy flow. Several concepts of environmental assessment using soil mites, specially Oribatid mite and Gamasid mites have been proposed, but not quite applied yet. Examples are the indexes of conventional community analysis, Aoki’s index of oribatid mites and maturity index of gamasid mites, We have collected soil mites from diverse ecosystems; natural forests, disturbed forests, perennial tree orchards, and annul farming fields. Using those data, here we present some of the results on environmental assessment of the habitats.

Risk Assessment to list possible safety disasters and their probability and severity is the starting point for effective safety management on construction project site. However, the safety managers in owners, construction supervisors, contractors, and sub-contractors still have difficulties in judging the priorities of safety activities and preparing responses to each potential safety disasters. Therefore, this study aimed to suggest a systematic method in assessing safety risk prior to commencement with the agreement of stakeholders. FMECA(failure mode effects and criticality analysis) was selected as a main assessment tool and it was modified according to the characteristics of construction projects and trades. Each risk is, firstly, evaluated with occurrence probability, possible loss and impacts to projects, and detections, and then risk priority number(RPN) is calculated. Subsequently, the managers of each stakeholder discuss the types, timing, and responsibilities of responses as a group decision-making process.

암반지반에 주어진 등재해도 스펙트럼에 상응하는 원전부지 토사지반에서의 등재해도 스펙트럼을 도출하기 위한 확률론적 방법론을 제시하였다. 이를 위해 지진 운동 및 지반의 불확실성을 고려한 지반응답 해석을 통해 토사지반 지표에서의 지진동 증폭계수를 산정하였다. 증폭계수는 가장 상관관계가 높은 지반운동의 스펙트럴 가속도 규모와의 회귀분석을 통해 계산되었다. 이 방법론을 적용하여 국내 KNGR (Korean Next Generation Reactor) 및 APR1400 (Advanced Power Reactor 1400) 원전의 포괄부지 지반 중 B1,B4, C1 및 C3 지반을 대상으로 등재해도 스펙트럼을 도출하였다. 등재해도 스펙트럼을 통해 지진동 발생 빈도 별 위험 주파수 대역을평가하고 분석하였다. 이 결과는 원전의 종합적 지진리스크 평가 결과를 보다 합리적으로 개선하는 데에 활용될 수 있으며, 향후 다양한종류의 토사지반에 대한 등재해도 스펙트럼을 평가하는 데에 적용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

새로운 환경으로 외래생물이 침입할 경우, 침입 생태계에서 큰 피해를 입히게 되 는 경우는 대개 “10% 규칙 (ten rule)”을 따른다. 침입 생물 중 10%가 정착하게 되 고, 정착하더라도 10%가 유해생물로써 생태계에 피해를 입힌다. 그러나 인위적인 도입의 경우, 국내 환경에 정착하게 될 가능성은 더 높아진다. 최근 생물적 방제를 비롯한 다양한 곤충 산업에서 외래 곤충류 도입에 대한 수요가 증가하고 있다. 비단 외래생물 뿐 아니라 토착곤충의 경우 역시 인위적인 생산의 증가는 생태환경에 새 로운 위해요소가 될 수 있다. 유용곤충에 대한 생태환경 위해성 평가는 식물검역적 차원에서 일부 이루어지고 있으나, 전방위적인 생물안보 차원에서는 이루어지지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 이에 식물검역에서 이루어지고 있는 천적의 위험평가 기법 을 소개하고, 산업용 곤충 및 LMO 곤충 등에 대한 생태위해성의 사례를 통해 곤충 생태환경 위해성 평가의 논의점을 제시한다.

사고방지 및 안전도모를 위한 안전관리 현황파악 및 통계적, 사례적 측면에서 리스크 분석을 통하여 대처방안을 마련하고, 다각적 구성을 통하여 설계한 안전관리 시스템에 관하여, 사고원인분석기법 중 F.T.A. 기법을 활용하여 안전관리 시스템을 평가하고 그 유효성을 밝히고자 한다.

Spills of M/V Hebei Spirit on 7th December 2007 caused a seriously damage to the ecosystem of Korean coast. Of these, microbial communities (i.e., attached benthic micro-algae) were reported to be sentive to the environmental change so it can be used for ecological risk assessment. Our experiment was designed to examine the ecological risk assessments for oil pollutant using benthic attached algal community on the artificial substrates of acrylic plates. Field monitoring in the culture system was conducted in Jangmok Bay. The abundances of attached micro-algae on artificial substrates gradually increased with increasing of sampling times. Among them, diatoms were the most important colonizer of coastal water, with the genera Cylindrotheca and Navicular most abundant. In particular, developed the culture system has correctly measured qualitative and quantitative abundance of attached micro-algae because same acrylic plates as artificial substrates were used. Thus, this culture system may be directly applied to the ecological risk experiments of microbial community structure from oil pollutants.

Korea enacted the occupational safety and health law in order to prevent industrial accidents in 1981. Led by ministry of labor, occupational safety and health support services policy has been built through government-affiliated organizations, research institutions and academic research. Korea's accident rate has remained at 0.7% for last 10 years despite continuous efforts over the last 30 years. These results means that the occupational safety and health support services policy conducted by the government have reached their limits. Therefore, the necessity of assessment about occupational safety and health support services policy is proposed. The main objective of this study, through the IPA analysis, is to grasp the point of worker's needs about occupational safety and health support services policy and to help formulate the efficient policy.

The purpose of the study was to evaluation of the radiation dose reduction using various automatic exposure control (AEC) systems in different manufactures multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT). We used three different manufacturers for the study: General Electric Healthcare, Philips Medical systems and Siemens Medical Solutions. The general scanning protocol was created for the each examination with the same scanning parameters as many as possible. In the various AEC systems, the evaluation of reduced-dose was evaluated by comparing to fixed mAs with using body phantom. Finally, when we applied to AEC for three manufacturers, the radiation dose reduction decreased each 35.3% in the GE, 58.2% in the Philips, and 48.6% in the Siemens. This applies to variety of the AEC systems which will be very useful to reduce the dose and to maintain the high quality.

The efforts to reduce industrial accident has been brisk recently in workplace. These efforts were mainly concentrated on construction and manufacturing. Despite these efforts, current accident rate so far has been maintained on the fixed level. According to the change of industrial structure, the government's attention on industrial accident prevention activities are focused in service industries. When trying to appraise the result of such activities, it is impossible to evaluate safety without certain criteria. Therefore, we analyze data by TOPSIS method that all the subway institution jointly manage every year. we decide the order of safety priority between domestic subway workplaces and measure the variation in safety by sensitivity. As a result, we draw conclusions to improve safety for the primary consideration and suggest alternatives.

It has been very important to have an exact evaluation for risk factors in order to prevent WMSDs(Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders). However, most WMSDs evaluation methods have always been some problems of possibilities associated with subjective evaluation. Therefore, this study tried to conduct a sort of usability analysis on three major evaluation methods(OWAS, RULA, REBA). Specifically, major subjects in the study consisted of three parts as follows; comparison of the results between experienced and inexperienced observers, analysis for the consistency of the results in terms of different evaluation times, and analysis for the consistency of the results in terms of different job characteristics(based on the part of the automobile). The results of the study were summarized as follows; 1) There was statistically significant difference of the results by RULA and by REBA between experienced and inexperienced observers. This might be due to the fact that experienced observers have had better ability to detect the important working posture during evaluation. However, the results by OWAS did not give any significantly different results between experienced and inexperienced observers, 2) All three checklists applied by experienced subjects did not show any single result significantly different in terms of different evaluation times. This might have to do with high intra-observer reliability from some of previous studies, 3) The five parts of an automobile were selected as five major jobs with different job characteristics in the automobile industry. Specifically, they were door part, front part(hood, etc.), inside part(dash board, seats, etc.), rear part(trunk etc.), and bottom part. All three methods did not show any significant differences for the results from each observers. Further study on this subject would eventually provide a sophisticated evaluating guidelines for WMSDs regarding determination of observer-specific evaluation, identification of repetitive number of evaluations for stable results for each checklist, determination of job-specific evaluation methods, and so on.

교통사고 원인분석 및 사고예방을 위해서는 교통사고 유발요인에 대한 이해가 필요하다. 기존 연구에서는 기하구조, 운전자 특성 등의 요인을 고려하여 연구를 진행하였다. 그러나, 운전자 특성요인 분석에 사용된 자료는 검지기에서 측정된 집계된 속도로써, 속도 변화량을 이용한 사고분석연구에는 한계가 존재한다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 차량의 속도변화 등의 수집이 용이한 센서를 이용하여 자료를 수집하였다. 가속도자료 및 기하구조 특성을 나타내는 변수를 설정하고, 사고자료와 매칭을 통해 사고개연성이 높은 잠재적 변수로의 적합성을 평가하였다. T-test, 이항 로지스틱 회귀분석을 사용했으며, T-test 결과로써 도출된 변수를 이항 로지스틱 회귀분석의 독립변수에 적용하고, 사고발생 유 무를 종속변수로 설정하였다. 분석결과, 5개의 변수가 사고발생에 영향을 주는 변수로 도출되었다. 또한, 도출된 모형은 사고발생구간의 예측에 적용할 수 있는 타당성을 확보하는 것으로 분석되었다. 본 연구에서 도출된 위험 운전행태 변수 및 모형은 프로브차량에 설치하여 활용할 수 있는 장치 등에 적용시켜 사고위험도 및 안전성 평가에 활용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

서식지 파편화로 발생하는 야생동물과 차량과의 충돌사고(이하 '로드킬')를 방지하기 위해 2000년대 후반부터 야생동물이동통로가 활발하게 설치되었으나 로드킬 발생은 여전히 감소하지 않고 있어 야생동물이동통로의 실효성 분석이 필요하며, 설치 이후 단편화된 유지관리로 인해 야생동물이동통로에 대한 평가 및 기능개선을 위한 관리기법이 부족한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 야생동물이동통로의 유지관리를 위한 기본방향 및 관리기법을 제시하기 위해 현재 설치 운영되고 있는 367개 이동통로에 적용할 수 있는 평가항목과 항목별 중요도를 AHP 기법에 의해 파악하였다. 분석결과, 평가항목은 3단계로 구분할 수 있었으며 총 10개 평가항목이 도출되었다. 야생동물이동통로의 유지관리를 위한 우선순위 도출을 목표(Level 1)로 시설인자, 환경인자, 동물인자, 관리인자로 구성된 Level 2의 중요도 분석에서는 환경인자가 가장 중요한 것으로 나타났다. Level 3에서는 구조 적합성(시설인자), 주변지형과의 조화(환경인자), 야생동물 이용빈도(동물인자), 모니터링 기기 운영여부(관리인자)가 중요 평가항목으로 조사되었다. 즉 야생동물이동통로의 유지관리를 위해서는 주변지형과의 조화와 야생동물 이용빈도를 우선적으로 고려해야 할 것이다. 이같은 연구 결과는 우리나라에 설치되어 있는 야생동물이동통로의 유지관리 방향 및 각 이동통로의 정비전략을 모색하기 위한 평가자료로 활용될 수 있다.