This study was performed an evaluation of mechanical properties of cold in-place road pavement using waste asphalt aggregate and green binder. As the results of study, The difference between marshall stability and flow is insignificant according to binder and admixture type. Thus, use of GBC and admixture is possible as using material of cold in-place asphalt concrete for road pavement.

This study deals with rural village development project of Gasangri, Yeongcheon city area, based on the use of the cultural factors and strengthening them in study area. Unlike other cases of today's Korean rural village development projects, this plan keenly concerns not only for tourists but also for the village people. Since culture means the quality of life also, this project especially deals with 'community', 'well-being', and 'convenience' for the inhabitants. On the other hand, it attempts to connect with "Cyan Museum", which is the first grade art gallery remodelled from closed school, to make village of culturally abundant atmosphere. In result, seven sub-projects of the expansion of basic living foundation, and two improvement of landscape in area have planned. Among stereotype of rural development projects and similar programs of tourism, the project makes difference on targeting for the meaning and resource of place culture.

The purpose of this study is to approach for the flow analysis of changing central-place functions and basic demands between the central city and the small town. Under the rural society progressed, this study examines how the small town changes in the relation to the central city. The subject of study is based on changes in demand for retail and hospitality. The small town is providing basic demands and urban services primary for the rural in the settlement system. Because of the rural depopulation and the aging of society, Retail and hospitality in the rural is reducing of the facility followed. But the majority of related researches are stocks approach. These studies are useful to find out the characteristic of small town, but is difficult to consider the influence of the central city. In this situation after this study using the function index is set up a concept model, it examines for the basis of changes in demand for the small town. The result of the analysis is that the changes of retail and hospitality are more severe in the more small town than in the central city. Whereas the small town with a population decline is consistent with the reduced number of branches, Population growth in the central city is reduced to the number of the Number of branches. The central-place function has been strengthened in the central city. While the younger generation, recreation, etc. related retail are disappearing rapidly, the mainstream of small town is grocery, home improvement, restaurants.

A mobile manipulator is a system with a robotic manipulator mounted on top of a mobile base. It has both indoor and outdoor applications for transporting or transferring materials. When a user gives commands, they are usually at high levels such as “move the object to the table,” or “tidy the room.” By intelligently decomposing these complex commands into several subtasks, the mobile manipulator can perform the tasks with a greater efficiency. One of the crucial subtasks for these commands is the pick‐and‐place task. For the mobile manipulator, selection of a good base position and orientation is essential to accomplishing this task. This paper presents an algorithm that determines one of the position and orientation of a mobile manipulator in order to complete the pickand‐ place task without human intervention. Its effectiveness are shown for a mobile manipulator with 9 degrees‐of‐freedom in simulations

This paper presents a method of sonar grid map matching for topological place recognition. The proposed method provides an effective rotation invariant grid map matching method. A template grid map is firstly extracted for reliable grid map matching by filtering noisy data in local grid map. Using the template grid map, the rotation invariant grid map matching is performed by Ring Projection Transformation. The rotation invariant grid map matching selects candidate locations which are regarded as representative point for each node. Then, the topological place recognition is achieved by calculating matching probability based on the candidate location. The matching probability is acquired by using both rotation invariant grid map matching and the matching of distance and angle vectors. The proposed method can provide a successful matching even under rotation changes between grid maps. Moreover, the matching probability gives a reliable result for topological place recognition. The performance of the proposed method is verified by experimental results in a real home environment

This study was carried out to investigate the characteristics of Rhizome rot incidence of Platycodon grandiflorus by cultivation period and ridge width and furrow depth. The three types of ridge width 0.8, 1.0, and 1.2 m and several levels of furrow depth and 6 levels cultivation period. This experiment was done in farmer's farm and the treatments were also classified in the same spot. In this investigation, ridge width, soil water content, soil hardness, and cultivation period were positively related with Rhizome rot incidence, however, furrow depth was negatively related with that. So this experiment could draw a conclusion : excess water damage and soil hardness could directly or indirectly effect on the Rhizome rot incidence, so cultivation method should be developed such as making underground ditch or cultivation in well draining soil for escaping excess waster damage.

본 연구는 장소애착이 자연지역 내 케이블카 설치에 대한 방문객의 태도에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위해 시행되었다. 본 연구의 분석을 위해 2010년 9월 중 수집된 총 126명의 무등산도립공원 방문객에 의한 설문답변이 이용되었다. 분석결과, 장소애착은 케이블카 설치에 대한 방문객의 태도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 장소애착이 낮은 응답자는 높은 응답자에 비해 케이블카 개발을 지지하는 경향이 있었다. 전반적으로 장소애착은 케이블카 설치로 인한 잠재적 영향에 대한 신념(beliefs about the potential impacts of cable car: BICC)과 통계적 관련이 없었다. 장소정체성은 BICC와 관련이 있었지만 장소의존성은 BICC와 관련이 없는 것으로 조사되었다. 연령, 거주지, 거주기간, 무등산도립공원 방문경험수준이 장소애착과 관련이 있었다. PA는 사람들의 친환경 행동을 이끌 수 있는 선행인자로서의 역할 가능성을 보유하고 있다. 자연공원을 보다 바람직한 방향으로 관리하기 위해서 PA를 높일 수 있는 영향인자의 규명과 이러한 영향인자의 조절 및 활용을 위한 방법 모색이 필요하다.

Today, the importance of environmental education is a matter we are all concerned about. The environment surrounding us, such as the air we breathe, the water we drink, and the soil plants grow in, is critical for our survival. Currently there is a lot of interest in environmental education at the elementary, middle, and high school levels. This is a result of the deep recognition of the importance of the environment. However the environmental education being conducted in schools is not yet at a satisfactory level. The practical issues, including an entrance exam-oriented atmosphere, student' and parents' lack of understanding, and teachers' lack of expertise in environmental education, interfere with the stability of environmental curriculum in the schools. Accordingly, we need to devise an alternative environmental curriculum due to the fact that it hasn't been included as a regular subject in the curriculum of many national schools. This study, carried out from April to December 2009, was an examination of the effect of volunteer work at the place of ecology experience on the environmental sensitivity & state-trait anxiety of the 61 Gifted Students. The students were divided into two groups. The test group consisted of 30 gifted students who did volunteer work at the place of ecology experience run by Ulsan Science High School, in Ulsan Metropolitan City. The control group consisted of the rest of the students. The following are the study results: First, the volunteer work at the place of ecology experience was influential in increasing the environmental sensitivity of the gifted students. Second, the volunteer work at the place of ecology experience was influential in decreasing the state anxiety of in gifted students. Third, the volunteer work at the place of ecology experience was influential in decreasing the trait anxiety of in gifted students. Fourth, the volunteer work at the place of ecology experience positively influenced not only the gifted students' view of environmental education, but also their overall character.

Obesity affects various kinds of adult diseases and is a principal cause of injuring people's health. Physical activities are very important to solve the obesity problem and green spaces are good place to take physical activities. In order to examine the utilization of green spaces for physical activities to improve health, the survey was implemented in regards to recognition of health, forms of use of green spaces for physical activities. Only 8.1% of respondents didn't care about health, but 91.9% of them were interested in health more than ‘commonness’. 95.2% of respondents knew that obesity has an effect on various adult diseases, and 93.1% of respondents cognized that it's possible to prevent obesity by doing physical activities. More than half of respondents replied that the types of green spaces utilized for physical activities were small-scale neighborhood parks and mini parks around house. About 70% of respondents took walking as a type of physical activities. 53% of respondents utilized green spaces one or two times a week, while 25% of them utilized the places at least three times a week to take physical activities. 91.8% of respondents took exercise for more than 30 minutes. These results are expected to promote health because many experts encourage people to take physical activities at least three times a week because fats of human body begins to burn after 30 minutes from start of physical activities. In the utilizing time of green spaces, evening or after work(56.7%) was higher than morning or before work(35.1%). 71% of respondents usually visited green spaces by walking. This study shows green spaces are good places for physical activities and have boundless potentialities improving people's health.

이 논문은 한국 게임법제의 변천과정을 분석하려는 목적으로 작성되었다. 이 논문에서 논의 되고 있는 유기장업 관리체제는 1973년 유기장법 시행규칙에서 시작하여 1999년에 까지 이르는 시기로 현행 게임법제의 태동기에 해당한다. 이 시기의 법적 규율은 유기장법, 유기장업법, 공중위생법을 거치면서 이루어졌다. 유기장업은 현행 법제의 체육시설업, 유원시설업, 게임제공업으로 분화되었는데, 유기장업 관리체제의 핵심은 현행 게임법제의 게임제공업이 이어받았다. 따라서 유기장업 관리체제 시기는 현행 게임법제의 근간이 형성된 시기라고 할 수 있다. 유기장업 관리체제의 두 핵심요소인 유기기구와 사행성의 분리 문제와 영업장소 규제의 문제는 현행 게임법제에서도 여전히 중요한 문제이다.

최근에 상용 FRP 판(plank)을 콘크리트 구조물의 영구 거푸집 및 보강재로 이용하기 위한 연구가 진행되고 있다. FRP 판과 타설 콘크리트가 합성효과를 발휘하기 위해서는 두 재료간의 부착이 중요한 요인 중의 하나이다. 이러한 부착을 확보하기 위하여 FRP 판에 모래를 일반적으로 건설현장에서 많이 사용하는 에폭시를 이용하여 부착하였다. FRP 판과 콘크리트 합성구조의 구조적 거동을 이해하기 위해서는 FRP판과 타설 콘크리트 사이의 정량적인 국부 부착모델이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 이와 같은 합성구조 시스템에 간단히 적용할 수 있는 단순 부착모델을 제안한다.

In this paper, we present a practical palce and object recognition method for guiding visitors in building environments. Recognizing palces or objects in real world can be a difficult problem due to motion blur and camera noise. In this work, we present a modeling method based on the bidirectional interactionbetween places and objects for simulataneous reinforcement for the robust recognition. The unification of visual context including scene context, object context, and temporal context is also. The proposed system has been tested to guide visitors in a large scale building environment(10 topological places, 80 3D objects)

수종간 독립성 검정결과 상수리-산초나무 외에는 지역별로 유의한 종간 상관이 서로 다르게 나타남으로써 수종간 생태적 지위의 공유관계는 수종간의 친화력뿐만 아니라 생육환경에 의한 영향도 큰 것으로 해석된다. 환경요인을 독립변수로 한 군집분석결과 물푸레나무는 화살나무, 노간주나무, 떡갈나무, 산초나무, 개옻나무 등과 같은 집단(물푸레나무-개옻나무 그룹)으로 분류되었으며, 음나무는 느릅나무, 당단풍, 병꽃나무, 물갬나무 등(음나무-느릅나무 그룹)과, 고로쇠나무는 두릅나무, 거제수나무, 서어나무 등과 같은 집단(고로쇠나무-거제수나무 그룹)으로 분류되었다. 환경요인과 군집간의 상관분석결과 지형, 해발고, 사면방향, 경사, 출현종수 등의 환경요인 중 지형과 해발고에 따른 영향을 많이 받는 것으로 분석되었다. 고로쇠나무-거제수나무 그룹은 해발고가 높은 계곡부~사면하부에 주로 분포하는 것으로 나타났으며, 음나무-느릅나무 그룹과 물푸레나무-개옻나무 그룹 수종들은 지형적인 적응력이 높아 넓은 면적에 산발적으로 분포하는 것으로 분석되었다.

This study was carried out to investigate the correlation between toluene in air and hippuric acid in human urine, which is based on the results of the health check-in and the measure of working environment, was investigated for two years. The concentration of toluene in air for the five working places in Yang-San area were ranged from 39.05±10.31 ppm to 4.04±3.38ppm and the mean value of those was 16.89±14.76ppm. The mean value was 16.89±14.76ppm which is below the permissible limit of toluene. The concentration of hippuric acid(HA) in the worker's urine were between 0.47g/ℓ and 0.76g/ℓ. There was mutual correlation (r=0.94) between the concentration of toluene in air and that of hippuric acid in urine. In case of male workers, the mean value of hippuric acid in urine was 0.56g/ℓ and the female workers was 0.57g/ℓ that showed higher than the male's. However, there was no relationship between the workshop and the distinction of sex. From the mean value of toluene in air(T) and that of hippuric acid(H), we obtained the formula, H= 0.3log T+0.235

Although there are a lot of primary factors to be able to make characters and identities in Pusan South Harbor, Badly Planned development prevented enhancing the sense of place in urban waterfront. The point in the waterfront development is how to secure amenities based on indentity and orientation; node, landmark, edge, path, district. This study aims at developing waterfront area of Pusan South Harbor and attempting to establish an identity through studying characteristics of ‘places’ in Pusan South Harbor. The place consists of two elements; orientation and identity, which can be explained the environmental totality, ‘character’ and ‘space’ respectively. The urban waterfront has strong characteristics which consists of land area, water area, and transit zone combining two areas. The place of Pusan South Harbor is analysed those four elements. We proposed objectives and criteria which can be used in enhancing the sense of this place.