New piezoelectric and triboelectric materials for energy harvesting are being widely researched to reduce their processing cost and complexity and to improve their energy conversion efficiency. In this study, BaTiO3 films of various thickness were deposited on Ni foams by R.F. magnetron sputtering to study the piezoelectric and triboelectric properties of the porous spongy structure materials. Then piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENGs) were prepared with spongy structured BaTiO3 and PDMS composite. The output performance exhibited a positive dependence on the thickness of the BaTiO3 film, pushing load, and poling. The PENG output voltage and current were 4.4 V and 0.453 μA at an applied stress of 120 N when poled with a 300 kV/cm electric field. The electrical properties of the fabricated PENG were stable even after 5,000 cycles of durability testing. The triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) were fabricated using spongy structured BaTiO3 and various polymer films as dielectrics and operated in a vertical contact separation mode. The maximum peak to peak voltage and current of the composite film-based triboelectric nanogenerator were 63.2 V and 6 μA, respectively. This study offers new insights into the design and fabrication of high output nanogenerators using spongy structured materials.

ROK Navy Landing Ship Fast(LSF-II) is equipped with special equipment that is not compatible with other combat ships due to special missions. So there are almost no maintenance capabilities except for simple repair parts replacement and maintenance parts. The researcher determined that the way to solve these problems was to apply Performance Based Logistics (PBL), and reviewed the cases of PBL applications abroad and domestically. To confirm the current maintenance capability, we visited LSF-II operation unit to identify maintenance capabilities for each mounted equipment, and interviews with operators and maintenance practitioners confirmed the limitations of outsourcing maintenance and the need to apply PBL. In order to analyze the effect of PBL application, the measure of effectiveness and measure of performance were selected based on the opinions of LSF-II operation/maintenance practitioners and PBL experts and the practical experience of this researcher. A survey was conducted on operation/maintenance practitioners and professional personnel. Based on the survey results, the effect of applying PBL was analyzed using the AHP technique, and an efficient PBL application plan was proposed for LSF-II.

Maintaining sea superiority through successful mission accomplishments of warships is being proved to be an important factor of winning a war, as in the Ukraine-Russia war. in order to ensure the ability of a warship to perform its duties, the survivability of the warship must be strengthened. In particular, among the survivability factors, vulnerability is closely related to a damage assessment, and these vulnerability data are used as basic data to measure the mission capability. The warship's mission capability is usually measured using a wargame model, but only the operational effects of a macroscopic view are measured with a theater level resolution. In order to analyze the effectiveness and efficiency of a weapon system in the context of advanced weapon systems and equipments, a warship's mission capability must be measured at the engagement level resolution. To this end, not the relationship between the displacement tonnage and the weight of warheads applied in the theater level model, but an engagement level resolution vulnerability assessment method that can specify physical and functional damage at the hit position should be applied. This study proposes a method of measuring a warship’s mission capability by applying the warship vulnerability assessment method to the naval engagement level analysis model. The result can be used as basic data in developing engagement algorithms for effective and efficient operation tactics to be implemented from a single unit weapon system to multiple warships.

본 연구에서는 화장품 천연소재로서 해죽순 열수 추출물의 이용 가능성을 확인하였다. tyrosinase 저해활성을 측정한 결과 1,000 μg/mL에서 52.0%의 활성을 나타내었다. 세포 생존율을 MTT 분석법으로 확인한 결과 멜라노마 세포(B16F10)의 농도 구간이 100 μg/mL 일 때 84.8%의 생존 율을 보였다. Western blot을 통한 단백질 발현 억제 효과를 측정하기 위해 25, 50, 100 μg/mL 농도의 해죽순 열수 추출물과 β-actin을 사용하였다. 그 결과, MITF, TRP-1, TRP-2, tyrosinase의 단백질 발 현양이 100 μg/mL에서 70.7%, 83.3%, 45.7%, 45.9%로 억제됨을 확인하였다. 따라서 해죽순 열수 추 출물의 미백효과가 우수함을 확인하였고, 해죽순 열수 추출물의 화장품 소재로서의 가능성을 확인하였 다.

본 연구의 목적은 일반 관공서나 기업을 대상으로 많은 연구가 이루어졌지만 상명하복의 조직문화가 강한 군조직을 대상으로는 연구가 미미했던 서번트 리더십의 효과성을 검증하는 것이다. 일부 군조직을 대상으로 이루어진 서번트 리더십 선행연구는 육군과 해병대에서 일부 계층에 대해 소 수의 연구가 이루어졌는데 본 연구는 최초로 해군을 대상으로 연구를 진행하였으며, 설문대상도 해군 전간부계층으로 장교, 부사관 및 군무원 626명을 대상으로 폭넓게 상사의 서번트 리더십이 부하의 조직몰입 및 직무성과에 미치는 효과성을 검증하였다. 또한 해군은 장교, 부사관, 병 및 군무원 등 각각의 계층 및 계급에서 직무를 수행하는데 필요한 ‘계급 별 리더십 핵심역량’ 4개와 모든 계급에서 공통적으로 필요하는 ‘리더십 공통핵심역량’ 4개를 선정하였다. 본 연구에서는 모든 간부 계층을 대상으로 서번트 리더십의 효과성을 검증하였기에 리더십 핵심역량 도 해군 구성원 전 계급에서 공통적으로 필요한 ‘리더십 공통핵심역량’인 ‘전문성, 책임감, 협력적 소통, 자부심’ 등 4개 역량을 서번트 리더십이 부하의 조직몰입 및 직무성과에 미치는 영향력 관계에서 매개효 과가 있는지를 검증하였다. 실증분석 결과, 상사의 서번트 리더십은 부하의 조직몰입 및 직무성과에 긍정적 영향을 미쳤다. 또한 상사의 서번트 리더십은 부하의 ‘리더십 공통핵심역량’ 에 긍정적 영향을 미쳤으며, 부하의 리더십 공통핵 심역량은 상사의 서번트리더십과 부하의 조직몰입·직무성과 간의 관계에서 매개효과가 있음이 검증되었다. 본 연구의 결과를 토대로 이론적 실무적 시사점을 제시하였고, 연구의 한계점과 향후 연구방향이 논의 되었다.

Valves are one of the indispensable components in modern industry. Filling and de-pressure connectors in rocket valves used for space launch vehicles are very important parts for smooth fluid supply. For this reason, an optimized design that can improve efficiency, miniaturization, weight reduction, and safety of the valve at the same time is required. In this work, flow analysis and structural analysis were performed through 3D modeling using computational numerical analysis for open type filling and de-pressure valves. As results, the flow velocity and pressure distribution of the fluid were analyzed through the flow analysis of valve, and stress distribution was conducted in structural analysis. Through this study, it is consequently expected to provide valves of various specifications by performing production and performance test evaluation of development prototypes.

우리나라를 포함한 극동 아시아 수역에서는 해묘1)를 놓고 밝은 집어등을 켠 채 채낚기 조업을 하는 어선들이 많다. 그리고 우리나라 연안에서는 겨울철 갈 치잡이 낚시어선들도 오징어 채낚기 어선들과 같은 방법으로 조업을 하고 있 다. 해묘를 놓고 조업 중인 어선의 항법상 지위는 1972년 국제해상충돌예방규칙(Convention on the International Regulations for Prevention Collisions at Sea, 1972, 이하 ‘COLREG’라 한다)과 해사안전법에서 명시적으로 규정하고 있지 않다. 일본 해난심판청은 이러한 어선에 대해 항법상 항행 중인 선박이고, 표박선 으로 보고 있다. 그러나 우리나라 해양안전심판원은 정박선, 항행 중인 동력선, 정류선, 표박선, 조종제한선 또는 어로에 종사하고 있는 선박 등으로 재결하고 있다. 해양안전심판원은 해묘가 채낚기 조업을 위해 반드시 설치하여야 하고, 어선 이 조업 중 해묘로 인해 항법에서 요구하는 대로 조종하는데 자선의 성능이 제 한된다는 것에 대해서는 이견이 없다. 그러나 저자는 해양안전심판원이 해묘를 놓고 조업 중인 선박이 해묘로 인해 COLREG와 해사안전법에서 규정하고 있는 항법을 준수하는데 어느 정도 영향을 끼치는가 여부에 대해서는 다르게 판단하 였다고 생각한다. 중앙해양안전심판원은 2011년 해묘를 놓고 조업 중인 제3상 무호에 대해 어로에 종사하고 있는 선박으로 재결하였다. 그러나 지방해양안전 심판원에서는 중앙해양안전심판원과 달리 항행 중인 동력선(정류선)으로 재결 하는 사례가 있다. 본 논문에서는 먼저 해묘를 놓고 있는 선박에 대한 해양안전심판원의 재결 사례들을 분석하였고, 그 결과 법적 안정성과 합목적적인 관점에서 해사안전법 의 개정을 통해 용어 “표박”을 새롭게 정의하는 것과 어선이 조업 또는 조업 대기를 위해 표박 중인 경우 “어로에 종사하고 있는 선박”에 포함할 것을 제안 하였다.

본 논문에서는 上古漢語(AC)와 알타이제어 간의 비교음운학적 연구방법론을 이용 하여 한국어 ‘바다(海)’의 어원을 밝혀 보고자 했다. 說文解字의 ‘孛聲’系字 분석을 통해 “餑·孛·悖·馞·㴾·浡·勃·㪍·郣·渤 [*PVT]/{旺盛} 同源語群”을 재구했고, 알타이제 어의 어휘 비교를 통해 공통알타이어祖語 [*büdV](두꺼운, 굵은)에서 파생되는 “[*P VTV-]/{膨脹·厚·肥大} 알타이諸語 同源語群”을 재구해냈다. 최종적으로 ‘孛聲’계 “餑·孛·悖·馞·㴾·浡·勃·㪍·郣·渤 [*PVT]/{旺盛}동원어군”과 “[*PVTV-]/{膨脹·厚·肥 大} 알타이제어 동원어군”을 통합하여 廣義의 “[*PVT-]/{旺盛·肥大} 漢-알타이 동원 어군”을 재구해냈다. 한국어 ‘바( ｣바 다)(海)’은 어근이 [pat-](받)이며 중심의미가 “넓고 旺盛하며 큰(大)” “받[厚大·旺盛]+” 의 형태로 분석되며, 이 말은 “[*PVTV-]/ {膨脹·厚·肥大} 알타이제어 동원어군”에 속하며, 궁극적으로 “[*PVT-]/{旺盛·肥大} 漢-알타이동원어군”에 통합된다.

China was a slave society in the Shang and Zhou Dynasties. There are many words about slaves in the existing oracle bone inscriptions.By observing the form of these characters, we can understand their meanings and the cultural meanings contained in them. This paper selects five characters: wei, li, xi, pu and qiang,and analyzes the structure of its oracle bone inscriptions or bronze inscriptions.This paper analyzes the cultural implication of the slaves in the Shang and Zhou dynasties from the characteristics of the slaves' foreign clothing, the characteristics of the slaves' foreign nationality, the methods and ways of the slaves‘ capture, the punishment of the slaves and the unique human sacrifice of the slaves. In the analysis of this paper, “Wei” has evolved from the totem worship of primitive tribes to an important costume feature representing the identity of slaves. “Li” contains the history of the slave‘s resistance to escape under the pressure of slavery. “Xi” is related to the custom of braiding hair of slaves of different nationalities in Shang and Zhou dynasties. Through the structure of “Xi”, we can see the punishment of slaves in Shang and Zhou Dynasties. “Qiang” is the most obvious expression of the bloody slavery system and slaves can not have the essential characteristics of human rights.

Strong naval power is needed to protect the sea, the lifeline of the national economy and people's lives. The navy has been operating with the increase of forces and the selection of officers to achieve its mission, and long-term service officers are selected every year. In this study, problems were identified through the analysis of relative influence of the long-term service selection system for naval officers by evaluation factors. As a result of relative influence on the selection data for long-term service of 203 officers over the past 3 years(2018∼2020) showed education results(25.05%) > english ability(23.33%) > work evaluation(11.23%) > prize(10.91%). In order to equal the relative influence and the rate of allocation by evaluation factors, higher the score of work evaluation, command recommendation, and physical strength, lower the score of education results, english ability, and prize were required. Sensitivity analysis was conducted after suggesting the alternatives that adjusted the scoring by ±2∼5, ±2∼10 points. As a result of calculating the relative influence on the alternatives, rankings of the score and the relative influence gradually became similar.

Modern combat has been extended to the concept of real-time response to a variety of threats simultaneously occurring in vast areas. In order to quick command determination and accurate engagement in these threats, the combat system has emerged in frigate. Frigates conduct anti-surface, anti-submarine, and anti-aircraft as the core forces of the fleet. In this study, the combat effectiveness measures naval frigates using AHP (analytic hierarchy process) method. A hierarchical structure for measuring the combat effectiveness was developed, and weights of criteria were calculated by expert surveys and pair-wise comparisons. In addition, the combat effectiveness of frigates was synthesized and compared. The weights for each attribute were calculated, and the weights for the three main attributes were in the order of act (0.594), evaluate (0.277), and see (0.129). As a result of calculating the weight, anti surface warfare (0.203) was the highest. The combat effectiveness of FFG Batch-III, which has advanced hardware and software and improved combat system capabilities, see (1.73 to 2.56 times), evaluate (1.68 to 2.08 times), and act (1.31 to 3.80 times) better than the comparative frigate. In summarizing the combat effects of the frigate, FFG Batch-III was 1.41~2.95 times superior to the comparative frigate. In particular, a group of experts evaluated the act importantly, resulting in better combat effectiveness.

수췬(舒群)이 쓴 단편소설 『바다의 피안』은 조국을 등지고 중국 ‘상하이’라는 새로운 삶을 찾아 떠나는 조선인의 삶을 매우 감성적이면서도 극적으로 잘 묘사하고 있다. 수췬(舒群)은 동북작가 출신으로 자신의 디아스포라의 경험으로 조선인의 디아스 포라를 진솔하게 작품으로 그려보고자 했다. 그것이 바로 『바다의 피안』이다. ‘피안 (彼岸)’의 의미 설정에서 푸코가 일찍이 주장하였던 ‘헤테로토피아’의 개념과 서로 관계가 있음을 알 수 있겠다.