In this work, the ablation behavior of monolith ZrB2-30 vol%SiC (Z30S) composites were studied under various oxy-acetylene flame angles. Typical oxidized microstructures (SiO2/SiC-depleted/ZrB2-SiC) were observed when the flame to Z30S was arranged vertically. However, formation of the outmost glassy SiO2 layer was hindered when the Z30S was tilted. The SiC-depleted region was fully exposed to air with reduced thickness when highly tilted. Traces of the ablated and island type SiO2 were observed at intermediate flame angles, which clearly verified the effect of flame angle on the ablation of the SiO2 layer. Furthermore, the observed maximum surface temperature of the Z30S gradually increased up to 2,200 °C proving that surface amorphous silica was continuously removed while monoclinic ZrO2 phase began to be exposed. A proposed ablation mechanism with respect to flame angles is discussed. This observation is expected to contribute to the design of complex-shaped UHTC applications for hypersonic vehicles and re-entry projectiles.

Interviews and boarding surveys were conducted in order to understand the actual usage of octopus pot in the coastal composite fishery in Jeollanam-do. According to the results of the interviews conduced by visiting the areas (Goheung, Yeosu and Wando), the number of octopus pots per nine-ton vessel were 30,000-80,000, and the number of daily usage pots were 7,000-10,000. The number of octopus pots per four-ton vessel was 40,000, and the number of daily usage pots were 4,000. As a result of the survey on two octopus pot fishing boats (9.77-ton and 4.99-ton) in Yeosu area, the daily catch weight of 9-ton class vessel was the minimum of 66.9 kg and the maximum of 159.6 kg. The daily catch weight of the four-ton class fishing vessel was from 31.3 kg to maximum 85.6 kg. The average number of octopus pot used per day in the nine-ton class vessel was 6,821 (the minimum of 6,031 and the maximum of 7,697) and 3,181 (the minimum of 2,282 and the maximum of 3,878) in the four-ton class vessel.

In order to develop a process for manufacturing a composite structure of an intermetallic compound foam and a hollow material, the firing and pore form of the Al-Ni precursor in a steel pipe are investigated. When the Al-Ni precursor is foamed in a hollow pipe, if the temperature distribution inside the precursor is uneven, the pore shape distribution becomes uneven. In free foaming, no anisotropy is observed in the foaming direction and the pore shape is isotropic. However, in the hollow pipe, the pipe expands in the pipe axis direction and fills the pipe. The interfacial adhesion between Al3Ni foam and steel pipe is excellent, and interfacial pore and reaction layer are not observed by SEM. In free foaming, the porosity is 90 %, but it decreases to about 80 % in the foam in the pipe. In the pipe foaming, most of the pore shape appears elongated in the pipe direction in the vicinity of the pipe, and this tendency is more remarkable when the inside pipe diameter is small. It can be seen that the pore size of the foam sample in the pipe is larger than that of free foam, because coarse pores remain after solidification of the foam because the shape of the foam is supported by the pipe. The vertical/horizontal length ratio expands along the pipe axis direction by foaming in the pipe, and therefore circularity is reduced.

We conducted a questionnaire survey to analyze the current status of the coastal composite fisheries, as well as the improvement point in designing a new type coastal composite fishing boat suitable for Korean fishing environments from April to August 2017. The questionnaire composed of 20 questions about the features of the coastal composite fishing boat and fishing work. The survey sites were selected to cover all parts of the country by considering the geographical position. The significance testing for the response results was accessed by  test and ANOVA. The results revealed that more than half (59.1%) of the fishermen operated one day per voyage and operating alone topped with 22.5% in the number of crews, followed by 2 persons (20.3%) and 5 persons (22.1%). The navigation devices had a high rate of installation and GPS plotter ranked first in the devices. In addition, fish finder ranked first in fishing equipment, followed by net hauler. The most inconvenient work that they felt during the fishing operation was fish handing at 49.8% and other general fishing works like setting and hauling line, deck cleaning accounted for about 25%. The hardest work was the accident by ropes wrapped around propeller and the engine trouble came in second. The most inconvenient facilities to the present design of fishing boat was wheelhouse (76.7%), followed by fish hold (38.5%), and deck (35.1%). Furthermore, inconvenient points related to the movement of fishing gear, noise and vibration of engine, slippery deck and small fish hold exceeded 50%.

本稿ではCD-ROM版新潮文庫の100冊と佐賀新聞(2001年と2003年1 月～12月)から収集した資料をもとに複合格助詞にとってとに、とし てとの交替現象及びその成立条件について考察を行った。その結果、以 下のようなことが分かった。 Xにとって(は)、AはBだ文の特徵において [1] 意味上、Xの立場から想定した觀點では AはBであるという判斷が成立可能である。 [2] Xは、主に人や擬人化された組織を表すものである。 [3] B は不可能を表す表現や内的な感情․感覚を表す表現や価 値判断や評価を表す表現のような狀態性の高いものが多い。 [4] 對比的な文脈を必要とする場合が多い。

최근 관심이 집중되고 있는 스마트온실의 기술적용 실태와 문제점을 파악하고 이를 토대로 단동온실의 ICT 기술적용 장애요인 극복과 생산성을 제고하기 위하여 실험을 수행하였다. 자동화 시설의 도입 장애요인으로는 시설비 부담(24%)이 높았으며, 설치업체 사후관리 미흡 (19%), 잦은 고장(16%), 관리기술 미흡(15%), 기능 미흡 (13%), 소득향상기여 미흡(12%) 순이었다. ICT 도입필 요성은 노동력절감(15%)이 가장 높았다. 자동화 온실에서 문제가 발생되는 부분은 온실구조, 구동기제어, 복합 환경제어기, 센서기술이 각 14%로 비슷하였고, 원격제어 기술 13%, 작물관리기술 12%, 에너지절감기술 10%, 소프트웨어활용 8%이었다. 온실구조 측면에서의 문제점은 천창개선이 18%로 가장 많았다. 효율적인 온도 및 환기 제어를 위해 농촌진흥청 고시 10-단동-7형 온실에 랙피 니언 천창을 추가하였으며, 지붕형태를 복숭아형으로 변경하였다. 온실내 환경의 균일성을 위해 공기 유동팬은 6대를 설치하도록 하되 필요에 따라 증설 가능하도록 하였으며, 에너지 절약을 위해 1, 2중은 두께 0.1mm필름을 사용하고 3중은 5겹보온커튼을 설치하였다. CFD 유 동해석 결과, 측창이 열린조건에서는 풍상 방향의 평균 유속이 빠르고 온도가 낮았으며, 풍하 방향으로 멀어 질수록 평균 유속이 점차 느려지고 온도는 높게 나타났다. 반면, 측창이 닫힌조건에서는 평균 유속이 낮으며, 구역 별로 큰 편차는 없었다. 다만 풍상 풍하의 천창이 모두 열린 조건에 비하여 풍하 방향의 천창만 열린조건이 영역별 평균 유속에서 더 높은 값을 보였다. 측창을 닫은 조건에서는 외기의 유동이 아닌 온실 내 설치된 환기용 유동팬에 의해 유속이 발생하며 외부 환기가 없는 조건 에서 유동팬에 의한 순환은 실내 전체 공간의 유동 편차를 줄여 줄 수는 있지만 전체적인 온도에는 영향을 미치지 못하였다. 저측고의 영역별 평균 온도는 고측고 보다 균일하게 나타났다. 겨울철 3중 다겹보온커튼 여닫 음에 관계없이 유동팬 근처에서 유속이 높고 유동팬에서 멀어지면 유속이 거의 없는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 시간경과에 따른 평균 온도는 3중다겹보온커튼 열림상태에서 약 2시간 후에 외부온도와 같아졌으나 닫힘상태에서는 5시간 이후에 외부온도와 같아져, 3중 다겹보온커튼의 보온효과가 뚜렷하였다. 같은 조건에서 열용량의 차이로 인해 저측고 온실이 고측고 온실에 비하여 온도 하강 속도가 빨랐다.

연약지반의 평가를 위한 물리탐사기법의 적용성을 알아보기 위해 총 6개월간의 전기비저항 모니터링자료를 취득하였다. 추가적으로 다중채널 표면파 탐사(Multichannel Analysis Surface Wave; MASW)를 실시하여 전단파 속도와 연약지반의 강도분포를 파악하고자 하였다. 또한, 콘 관입시험(Cone Penetration Test; CPT)과 시추 시료의 실내시험을 이용하여 물리탐사 자료와의 상관성을 확인하고 탐사 자료의 신뢰성을 높이고자 하였다. 그 결과 장기간의 모니터링 자료로부터 연약지반의 거동양상을 파악할 수 있었고, 추가 탐사를 통해 얻은 전단파 속도와 실내 시험간의 유의미한 상관관계가 확인되어 연구 지역 연약지반의 강도를 평가하는데 있어 표면파 탐사의 유용성을 확인 할 수 있었다. 최종적으로 지구통계학적 방법을 이용하여 물리탐사 자료와 이종 자료에 대한 3차원적인 지반 분포 영상을 획득하였다. 본 연구를 통해 넓은 영역에서의 연약지반 평가를 위해서는 장기간의 전기비저항 모니터링으로 영역 전체의 특성을 파악해야 함을 알 수 있었다. 이를 보강할 수 있는 추가적인 탐사 자료와 시추 자료를 이용한다면 경제적이고, 신뢰성 있는 평가가 이루어 질 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

OTEC(Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion) system using the temperature difference between cooler deep and surface ocean waters is one of the renewable energy. But in Korea, OTEC system can not apply except in winter because surface sea water temperature is not enough. C-OTEC(Combined OTEC) system is that utilizes temperature difference between sea water and the condenser of power plants via working fluid. It can be a good alternative in the warm surface sea water for Mid-latitudes region like Korea. In this study, a marine survey using multi-beam echo sounder, single-beam echo sounder and sparker seismic wave is performed and sea water intake pipe line is proposed for the 10kW C-OTEC Pilot Plant.

本稿では先行硏究で具体的な成果が提示されていない複合格助詞についてに対しての意味․用法上の違いを、それぞれに先行する名詞と後續する述語の特性および、格の交替現象の比較を中心にして檢討してみた。その分析の結果をまとめてみると、以下のようである。まず、本稿では両者の違いにおいて、については言語․思考․認識․調査活動など主に知覺、見解活動が働きかける對象範圍が広く、その具體的な對象がテーマとして示される反面、に対しては對象に対する人の直接的な行爲や態度的な感情․言語活動などの働きかけが強く、さらに、對向的․攻擊的な働きかけが示される場合があると規定しておく。こうした考察の結果に基づいて、韓國人學習者の日本語敎育への活用方案を提示してみると, 以下のようである。第一に、文法敎育から、についてに対してそれぞれに先行する名詞と、後續する述語の意味的な特性を提示して、両者の違いを明らかに說明する。第二に、文法敎育の後、様々な例文を提示し、學習者にについてに対してそれぞれを穴埋めさせた後、誤用の原因をフィード-バック(feedback)してについてに対しての違いを明確に理解させる。第三に、談話(ディスコース․discourse)上、紛らわしい實際の場面を取り上げ、その使い分けに注目しながら、についてに対しての微妙な意味․用法的な違いを習得させていくことも大切だと思う。第四に、についてとに対しての文法構造が反映された會話の練習を通して、自然に意味․用法を気づかせ、なお、實際のコミュニケーションに役に立たせるようにする。

In order to evaluate the fundamental properties of sewerage pipes for ductile properties and allowable deflection ratios, A field tests were conducted on the glass fiber reinforced plastic pipe. Also, Allowable deformation test was carried out to determine the soil-pipe relationship and earth pressure due to the loading of dump truck.

복합적층판은 다른 금속재료에 비해 높은 비강도, 비강성 등의 우수한 역학적 특성을 지니므로, 최근 다양한 분야에서 사용하고 있다. 그러나 이러한 복합적층판은 충격에 약하다는 단점이 있다. 그리하여 복합적층판의 충격거동에 대한 많은 연구가 이루어지고 있다. 충격거동을 조사하기 위해서는 우선 충격체와 복합적층판사이의 접촉력을 계산하여야 한다. 접촉력을 알기 위해서는 운동방정식, 복합적층판의 운동방정식 그리고 압입량에 관한 관계식을 동시에 풀어야 한다. 본 연구에서는 고전적인 헤르츠식, 썬식, 썬&양식 그리고 썬&탄식을 포함한 유한요소프로그램을 이용하여 복합적층판의 저속충격거동을 조사한다.

Photostimulated luminescence (PSL)-Thermoluminescence (TL) combined analysis was applied to detect whether composite seasoning products and spices were irradiated or not. Samples were irradiated with 60Co at 0~7 kGy. A total of 12 different samples (6 of composite seasoning products and 6 of spices) was examined. Depending on the PSL results, TL analysis was performed. In case of both PSL positive ( ≥ 5,000 counts) and intermediate (700~5000 counts), TL analysis had to be performed to confirm the result of PSL. Using TL, the shape of the glow curve (Glow 1) made it possible to identify the irradiated samples. In addition, The TL glow ratio (Glow 1/Glow 2) obtained by normalization was less than 0.1 for the non-irradiated samples and ≥ 0.29 for irradiated ones, respectively.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the microwave drying characteristics of mixtures of chemical wastewater sludge (70~90%) and anthracite coal (10~30%) with respect to physical and economic factors such as mass, volume reduction, moisture content, drying rate and heating value when the wastes were dried at different weight mixing ratio and for different microwave irradiation time. The drying process were carried out in a microwave oven, the combined drying process with a 2,450 MHz frequency and 1 kW of power. Maximum dry rates per unit area on the microwave drying of mixtures with chemical wastewater sludge and anthracite coal were 35.5 kg H2O/m2·hr for Cs90-Ac10; 40.1 kg H2O/m2·hr for Cs80-Ac20 and 35.0 kg H2O/m2·hr for Cs70-Ac30. The result clearly indicated that moisture can be effectively and inexpensively removed from the wastes through use of the microwave drying process.

미생물적 품질개선이 요구되는 복합조미식품 2종(beef broth 분말, pork bone extract 분말)을 대상으로 의 감마선을 조사하고 광자극 발광(PSL), 전자스핀공명(ESR) 및 열발광(TL) 측정에 의한 조사여부검지 가능성을 분석하였다. 조사선량에 따른 PSL photon count를 측정해 본 결과, 비조사 beef broth와 pork bone 분말은 각각 503.0과 429.5의 값을 보여 비조사 시료에서 측정되는 700이하