Chloropicrin은 국내에서는 사용되지 않으며, 잔류허용기준이 불검출로 설정된 농약이다. 그러나 중국에서는 훈증제, 살균제, 살선충제 및 저장 곡물의 살충제로 사용되고 있으며, 잔류허용기준이 설정되어 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 중국 등에서 수입하는 식품 중 국내에서 사용하지 않 는 농약에 대한 안전성을 확보하기 위하여 해당 농약을 신속하고 빠르게 검출할 수 있는 시험법을 개발하고자 하였다. Chloropicrin은 분자량이 작고 휘발성이 큰 화합물이므로 헤드스페이스 추출법을 활용하여 검체 추출액을 직접 GC에 주입하는 시험법을 개발하였으며, 확립된 시험법을 검증한 결과 회수율이 77.7~79.3%로 조사되어 코덱스 국제가이드라인(CAC/GL 40)에 적합함을 확인하였다. 정량 한계 또한 0.05 mg/kg 이하로 매우 우수한 감도를 가지고 있음을 확인하였으며, GC-MS를 이용한 재확인과정을 추 가로 확립하여 본 시험법의 신뢰도를 높였다. 확립된 시험법은 식품에 잔류할 수 있는 농약의 기준 준수여부에 대한 적합성을 판단하기 위한 공정시험법으로 활용되고 있다.

Pesticide residues were investigated in 16 commodities (rice, foxtail millet, buckwheat, kidney bean, peanut, sesame, orange, grapefruit, kiwifruit, spinach, perilla leaves, leek, garlic stem, garlic, ginger and oak mushroom)collected from 22 provinces (Seoul, Busan, Incheon, Daegu, Daejeon, Gwangju, Ulsan, Suwon, Seongnam, Goyang,Bucheon, Yongin, Cheongju, Jeonju, Jeju, Cheonan, Changwon, Pohang, Gumi, Jinju, Wonju and Yeosu) in 2009. Pesticides (172 kinds) were analyzed using multiresidue method by GC/MS/MS from 510 samples, and phenthoate in kiwifruit was violated by exceeding MRL. The intake assessment for 24 kinds of pesticide residues including the detected pesticides at multi pesticide residue monitoring (bifenthrin etc.) were carried out. The result showed that the ratio of EDI (estimated daily intake) to ADI (acceptable daily intake) was 0.000007~0.458% which means that the detected pesticide residues were in a safe range so that residual pesticides in the agricultural products in Korea.

It has been elucidated desmethylsibutramine in food, that is an analogue of sibutramine used for anti-obesity drug. After separating and purifying in food samples, it was analyzed and identified by the instrument such as HPLC/PDA, HPLC/MS, HPLC/MS/MS and NMR. To analyze sibutamine and desmathylsibutramine in foods, they were analyzed and identified by HPLC/PDA after extracting in dichloromethane, filtering, concentration and diluting in methanol. The overall recoveries were ranged from 87% to 91% and the limit of quantitation was 2.5 μg/kg. As results, sibutramine and desmethylsibutramine was not detected in all the selected 54 food samples.

Acrylamide in various food samples in Korea were monitored during the period beginning August 2006 through May 2007. A total of 471 food products that were purchased at local markets were categorized into 17 groups and analyzed for the acrylamide content by using an LC-MS/MS method. Food samples that were selected based on special consideration such as expert consultation, Korean food consumption data and food market shares were considered to be representative. There are very large variations in acrylamide levels within tested foods. Acrylamide content ranged from ND(not detected) to 4,002 μg/kg with all tested samples. Acrylamide levels are relatively high in ‘cereal’, ‘coffee’, ‘potato snacks’, ‘biscuit’, ‘chocolate’, and ‘prune juice’. Acrylamide was also detected in fruits, vegetables, Korean traditional cookies which are considered as safe for acrylamide.

Photostimulated luminescence (PSL)-Thermoluminescence (TL) combined analysis was applied to detect whether composite seasoning products and spices were irradiated or not. Samples were irradiated with 60Co at 0~7 kGy. A total of 12 different samples (6 of composite seasoning products and 6 of spices) was examined. Depending on the PSL results, TL analysis was performed. In case of both PSL positive ( ≥ 5,000 counts) and intermediate (700~5000 counts), TL analysis had to be performed to confirm the result of PSL. Using TL, the shape of the glow curve (Glow 1) made it possible to identify the irradiated samples. In addition, The TL glow ratio (Glow 1/Glow 2) obtained by normalization was less than 0.1 for the non-irradiated samples and ≥ 0.29 for irradiated ones, respectively.

다환방향족탄화수소는 환경오염이나 식품의 제조공정 과정 중에 생성될 수 있으며, 홍삼은 수증기로 찌고 건조하여 만들어진다. 시료를 핵산으로 추출한 후 물로 세척하고 후로리실 SPE 카트리지로 정제한 후 고속액체크로마토그래피/형광검출기로 분석하였다. 이동상으로는 아세토니트릴과 물의 혼합용액(8:2)을 사용하였으며 형광검출기의 여기파장은 294 nm이었고 형광파장은 404 nm이었다. 평균 회수율은 105%이었으며, 상대표준편차는 0.5이었다. 대상 식품인 홍삼음료 중 벤조피렌은 검출되지 않았다.

Risk assessment traditionally are conducted on individual chemicals; however, humans are exposed to multiple chemicals in daily life. The organophosphotus (OP) pesticides are considered in a single risk assessment because they act by a common mechanism of toxicity, and there is likely to be expose to multiple OP pesticides simultaneously or sequentially. The OP pesticides act by inhibiting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and have available extensive database. AChE is widely distributed droughout the body, most importantly in the nervous system. Inhibition of AChE results in accumulation of acetylcholine in the nervous system that results in clinical signs of cholinergic toxicity, including increased salivation and lacrimation, nausea and vomiting, muscle fasciculation, lethargy and fatigue, among others. To conduct an exposure assessment for pesticides in the diet, we need to know the food consumption patterns of the population, and the pesticide residue levels in the foods that are consumed. This study was conducted to identify cumulative dietary risk due to multiple OP pesticides that can be exposed through various foods. Total 22 food samples including cereals, vegetables and fruits were collected randomly two times from food markets in several sites (4 cities). The subjected foods were selected by regarding of highly consumed foods to general Korean people. The 12 OP pesticides including Acephate, Azinphos-methyl, Chlorpyrifos, and Diazinon were monitored. For the exposure assessment, general adult group of 60 kg body weight was regarded as target population and food consumption data suggested by Lee et al. (2000) were used as consumed value of individual food Analyses of samples for OP pesticides have been carried out according to the multiclass multiresidue analysis method and acephate and methamidophos analysis method of Korea Food Code. In general the levels of OP pesticides found in the food samples were very low or not detected. The detected highest value was 0.282 ppm as methidathion in mandarin and acephate, chlorpyrifos, methamidophos and methidathion were detected in several foods. To quantify simultaneous exposure, toxic equivalency factor of proportionately corresponding potency giving decreased AChE activity on the basis of reference dose 0.3 ㎍/kg/day to the chlorpyrifos was applied. The estimated dietary daily intake of OP pesticide was 4.52 × 10^(-2) ㎍/kg/day as mean value. The hazard index (HI) is the sum for OP pesticides being considered together was 0.15. The HI less than 1 indicates the exposure may be lower than an acceptable level.