Emulsion polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is performed on compartmentalized DNA, allowing a large number of PCR reactions to be carried out in parallel. Emulsion PCR has unique advantages in DNA amplification. It can be applied in many molecular biological assays, especially those requiring highly sensitive and specific DNA amplification. This review discusses the principle of emulsion PCR and its applications in biotechnology. Related technologies are also discussed.

본 연구는 바이오복지를 위한 바이오산업의 현황과 기술혁신을 위한 조세지원제도에 대하여 살펴보고 그에 따른 개선방안을 제시하고 있다. 바이오산업에서의 기술혁신은 경제 성장과 복지 확대의 선순환 구조를 구축할 수 있다. 정부는 미래성장 동력에 대한 집중적 지원제도를 통해 바이오산업분야에 대한 조세지원제도를 계속적으로 증가하고 있다. 이러한 현 상황에서 바이오산업의 현황과 기술혁신 조세지원제도에 살펴보고 그에 대한 개선안을 제시하였다는 점에서 본 연구의 의의가 있다고 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 바이오복지를 위한 바이오산업의 지원을 위한 조세지원제도에 대한 개선안을 제시하고 자 한다. 첫째, 연구개발비 세액공제에서 중소기업에서 중견기업으로 성장하는 중소기업에 대해 세액공제 액 감소에 대한 방지책을 마련하고 있는데 반해 중견기업이 대기업으로 성장하는 과정에서 연구개발비 세 액공제의 점진적 유예제도가 없는 실정이다. 중견기업이 중소기업보다 상대적으로 연구개발 투자가 큼에도 불구하고 세액공제 유예를 적용받지 못한다는 것은 중견기업의 대기업으로의 성장을 막는 요인이 될 수 있으며, 중견기업의 연구개발 투자 유인을 낮추는 요인으로 작용할 수 있다. 따라서 중견기업이 대기업으로 성장할 때도 세액공제에 대한 점진적 유예 제도를 두어야 한다고 생각한다. 둘째, 신성장동력·원천기술의 연구개발비 세액공제에서 현행세법에서 국내에 소재한 기관으로 한정하고 있는데, 바이오산업의 실정상 생산액의 50%이상이 수출에 해당하며 이러한 수출에 따른 안정성과 유효성 입증 절차를 위한 국외 소재 연구기관의 필요가 높은 상황에서 국외 소재 연구기관에 대한 세액공제를 인정하지 않는 것은 바이 오산업에 불리한 제도라 할 수 있다. 따라서 이러한 부분을 개선하여 국내외 소재 연구기관으로 확대하여야 할 것으로 생각된다. 본 연구의 개선안을 뒷받침 할 실증연구가 시행되지 않았다는 한계점이 있다. 이러한 부분을 보완한 후 속연구가 필요하다고 생각된다. 본 연구를 통해 바이오산업의 성장성을 높여 바이오복지가 더욱 증진되길 기대한다.

Rice is the most important staple food and the consumption is increasing in Europe and America. It is expected that the rice price will be increased due to the unstable supply and demand because of abiotic stress. Experts expect that the rice supply of Korea will be deficient in 2050 for the reason of global warming. Conventional breeding methods need to be supplemented with recent biotechnology to meet the problem such as growing population and climate change. Using rice biotechnology, a number of agronomically important traits and nutritional value have been improved. In this paper, the current situation of rice cultivation and production situation and supply and consumption in the major country were investigated to prepare future food security. Also the research trends of rice biotechnology and kinds of transformed rice as well as safety issues were reviewed by considering the scientific, social and economic values of rice.

This study explores influencing factors for firms’ willingness to participate in open innovation. We identify commitment and trust, switching cost, and IT infrastructure as the key predecessors. The study further examines how these variables affect the firms’ participation in open innovation using datasets from the UK biotechnology industry.

Animal biotechnology is the use of science and engineering to modify living organisms. Examples of animal biotechnology include creating transgenic animals (animals with one or more genes introduced by human intervention), using gene knock out technology to make animals with a specific inactivated gene and producing nearly identical animals by somatic cell nuclear transfer (or cloning). Animal biotechnology in use today is based on the science of genetic engineering. Under the umbrella of genetic engineering exist other technologies, such as transgenics and cloning, that also are used in animal biotechnology. Th main purpose of production of transgenic animals are to produce pharmaceutical proteins for human use. Scientists use reproductive cloning techniques to produce multiple copies of mammals that are nearly identical copies of other animals, including transgenic animals, genetically superior animals and animals that produce high quantities of milk or have some other desirable trait. To date, cattle, sheep, pigs, goats, horses, mules, cats, rats and mice have been cloned, beginning with the first cloned animal, a sheep named Dolly, in 1996. In addition to the use of transgenics and cloning, scientists can use gene knock out technology to inactivate, or “knock out,” a specific gene. It is this technology that creates a possible source of replacement organs called xenotransplantastion. In this talk I deal with current and future of animal biotechnolgy. In addition I would like to introduce Center for the Animal Bioreactors and Xenotranplantaion supported by Rural Development Administration, Korea.

Marine biotechnology is one of the promising frontier of scientific exploration and commercial utilization for the next century. Compared with the terrestrial environment, the oceans of the world remain largely unexplored and include a major portion of bio-resources. Using the tools of biotechnology, the vast and diverse marine resources can be applied to produce new products and foods. Marine biotechnology has the characteristics of pro-environment, saying energy, and intensive knowledge. Therefore, we can take advantage of the marine biotechnology industry under our situation with the poor natural resources. The study focuses on the current status and administrative supports on marine biotechnology industry for upgrading the economic value of output. The status of our marine biotechnology industry is beginning stage in the economic aspects. Manpower and the level of most technologies are weaker than the ones of the advanced countries. More investment and recruiting skilled specialists are necessary because the improvement of marine biotechnology is depend on the technology and scientists. This study suggests the ways of administrative supports for domestic marine biotechnology: Efficient information network and supporting system for the development of marine biotechnology should be interrelated with other technical and scientific fields; The government should provide sustainable fund for the long-term research project and the infrastructure in the marine biotechnology.

A survey of consumers' awareness and attitudes about food biotechnology was conducted during May through August of 2001 with a random sample of 750 Korean consumers. More than 70% of the respondents was exposed to some informations related to genetically modified (GM) foods. The greatest benefit of the development of GM foods was thought to be the remedy for the food shortage in the future. More than 90% of Korean consumers wanted GM foods labeled. About 20% of the respondents would buy GM foods voluntarily, whereas over 50% would not until they found out more. More consumers responded that they would not buy herbicide-tolerant GM soybean but buy vitamin-enriched GM soybean. It seemed to be that many Korean consumers do not make decisions of acceptance or rejection of GM foods not on the basis of biotechnology but on the basis of the words) used to describe the products, such as herbicide and vitamin. Only 4% of Korean consumers responded that GM foods were the greatest safety-threatening factor of Korean foods and that the most interested information on food labels was whether the food was produced by biotechnology.