간의 단순 낭종은 임상에서 흔히 보는 질환으로 대부분은 증상이 없고 영상검사에서 우연히 발견되고 있다. 이 중 약 5% 정도가 크기와 위치 또는 합병증의 발생으로 증상을 호소한다고 보고되고 있다. 증상을 유발하는 간낭종은 경피적 또는 내시경초음파 유도하에 경화술을 시행하거나 수술적 치료를 하여 없애거나 크기를 줄여 증상을 호전시킬 수 있다. 낭종내의 액체만 배액하는 치료는 높은 재발률이 문제가 되어서 경화술을 병행하는데 경화제로는 에탄올, tetracycline, polidocanol 등이 사용되고 있다. 이러한 비수술적 경화술은 증상을 완화시키고 낭종의 크기를 효과적으로 줄이며 안전성이 입증되고 있다. 본 종설에서는 간낭종에 대한 2가지 새로운 접근법을 주장하고자 하는데 첫째는 간낭종이 커져서 증상이 나타나기 전에 조기에 치료하자는 것이다. 크기가 증가하고 있는 간낭종을 조기에 치료하지 않고 추적관찰만 하게 되면 증상을 유발하고 또한 합병증도 병발할 가능성이 있으며 또한 치료가 침습적인 수술적 절제가 될 가능성이 높기 때문이다. 둘째는 간낭종의 주치료 방법은 수술적 치료가 아닌 경피적 또는 내시경초음파를 이용한 비수술적 치료가 되어야 한다는 점이다. 최근에 비수술적 치료의 효과와 안전성이 대한 연구가 지속적으로 발표되고 있기 때문이다. 이러한 접근 방식의 변화로 간낭종을 더 안전하고 효과적으로 관리하고 치료할 수 있다고 생각된다.

Soybean (Glycine max L.) is one of the most important food crops in Korea and a crucial source of protein. However, soybean production is significantly impacted by various plant pathogens, including insect pests, plant-parasitic fungi, bacteria, and nematodes. The soybean cyst nematode (SCN), Heterodera glycines, is a major plant-parasitic nematode that causes an estimated annual loss of US$29 million in Korean soybean industry. Cultivating SCN-resistant soybean cultivars is considered the most effective method for managing this nematode. To identify such cultivars, we conducted resistance screening tests for 32 soybean cultivars. No resistant cultivar was found. Daewang cultivar exhibited moderate resistance to SCN, while the other 31 were susceptible. These findings suggest that Daewang is currently the best choice for fields infested with SCN. There is a critical need for developing SCN-resistant soybean cultivars in Korea.

Among the different types of seaweed that are cultivated in Korea for food, Capsosiphon fulvescensis the filamentous green alga with the highest production value. However, its harvest yield varies significantly from year to year due to its dependence on the natural seeding method. The present study aimed to identify the conditions affecting the formation of cyst-zygotes that can be utilized as artificial seeds during the life cycle of C. fulvescens. Gametangia and zygotes of C. fulvescens were found to be highly developed at temperatures above 15°C, with a maximum gametangial development rate of about 35% observed after 7 days of culture. The formation of zygotes into cystzygotes was induced within 7 days in all temperature conditions, but after 30 days of culturing, cyst-zygotes germinated into filamentous thalli at temperatures above 20°C, while the most stable formation and stabilization were observed at 15°C. Cystzygotes formed at 15°C showed high growth when they were transferred to 25°C conditions, and zoospores matured inside the cells. The production of cyst-zygotes was mostly influenced by temperature, and a gradual increase in temperature was found to be necessary for the formation and growth of cyst-zygotes. The culture conditions facilitating the formation of cyst-zygotes reported in this study can be useful for the production of artificial seeds and breeding technology for the effective cultivation of seaweed.

Paradental cysts characteristically develop adjacent to the cervical margin on the lateral aspect of a tooth root and result from inflammatory processes within the periodontal pocket. Standard management usually involves cyst enucleation while striving to retain the affected tooth. Recurrence rates are infrequent following complete removal of the lesion. However, intentional replantation becomes necessary in cases with anatomical constraints or accessibility issues. We present the case of a 13-year-old female patient exhibiting delayed eruption of the mandibular left second molar, attributed to a cystic lesion located on the lingual-coronal aspect of the tooth.

Orthokeratinized odontogenic cysts are developmental cysts that occur in the jaw that account for approximately 7%–17% of all cysts in the jaws. Studies have shown that malignant transformation of odontogenic cysts most often occurs in inflammatory cysts, such as periapical cysts, but malignant transformation of orthokeratinized odontogenic cysts has also been reported. In this report, we present an uncommon case of squamous cell carcinoma arising from an orthokeratinized odontogenic cyst.

Clover cyst nematode (Heterodera trifolii, CCN) is one of the important plantparasitic nematodes in the Republic of Korea, causing serious damage to Kimchi-cabbage in Gangwon province since 2017. Soil fumigants are the preferred choice for managing CCN. However, cabbage fields in Gangwon province have a slope, making it challenging to apply soil fumigants and use plastic mulch. Consequently, alternative materials should be developed for managing CCN. Nematicidal cover crops and resistant cultivars are among the alternatives. We conducted resistance screening of 82 white mustard (Sinapis alba) resources from a genebank at RDA against CCN for use as nematicidal cover crops or breeding materials. In the first assay (1st, 2nd, and 3rd pot experiments), 15 white mustard resources were selected, while others were susceptible to CCN. To confirm the reproducibility of resistance to CCN for 13 selected resources, the second assay was performed. As a result, five white mustard resource (IT297309, IT297312, IT302951, IT302953, IT302954) demonstrated resistance to CCN. These findings indicate the potential use of these five white mustard resources as nematicidal cover crops or for breeding cultivars of Kimchi-cabbage in Republic of Korea.

Synovial cysts of the temporomandibular joint are rare. They commonly occur in the wrist, knee and feet. The main symptoms of synovial cysts occurring in the temporomandibular joint include preauricular pain and swelling, and surgical removal is the gold-standard treatment. A 54-year-old woman who presented with swelling of the right temporomandibular joint visited Kyungpook National University Dental Hospital. She had undergone enhanced computed tomography from another hospital, which showed a 1.1 × 0.8 × 1 cm well-defined rounded cystic lesion on the lateral area of the right temporomandibular joint. A synovial or ganglion cyst was suspected. The cystic lesion was surgically removed under general anesthesia and was histopathologically diagnosed as a synovial cyst. Histopathological findings show a lumen surrounded by loose fibrous tissue, and the lining is in a folded form and is composed of synovial cells.

2017년 이후 강원도 고랭지배추는 클로버씨스트선충에 의한 피해를 받아 왔다. 저항성 배추 품종 재배는 씨스트선충 피해를 줄일 수 있는 가장 경제적인 방제 방법이다. 본 연구에서는 클로버씨스트선충 저항성 배추 신품종 육성을 위한 육종 소재 탐색을 위해 배추류 유전자원 총 57 자원을 대상으로 클로버씨스트선충에 대한 저항성 검정을 수행하였다. 배추 (Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis), 순무 (B. rapa), Brassica sp., 갓 (B. juncea), 겨자류 (B. carinata, B. tournefortii), 경수채 (B. rapa subsp. nipposinica), 다채 (B. rapa subsp. narinosa), 평지 (B. rapa var. perviridis), 루타바가 (B. napus var. napobrassica), 로켓샐러드 (Eruca sativa) 54자원은 뿌리에 클로버씨스트선충 암컷이 300개 이상 증식되어 매우 감수성인 것으로 나타났다. 겨자류 2자원 (B. carinata, B. tournefortii)도 클로버씨스트선충 암컷이 각각 144개, 110 개 증식되어 감수성인 것으로 나타났다. 반면, 겨자류 중 에서 African mustard (B. tournefortii, 씨앗은행 관리번호 IT218058)는 클로버씨스트선충 암컷이 평균 4±1.8로 증 식되어 저항성인 배추류 유전자원인 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서 선발된 African mustard (IT218058)는 클로버씨 스트선충 저항성 배추 품종 육성을 위한 육종 소재로 활용 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

Orthokeratienized odontogenic cyst (OOC) is a comparatively unusual developmental odontogenic cyst arising from odontogenic epithelium. Recurrence has rarely been noted, and has been reported in less than 2% of cases. Epidermoid cyst (EDC) is a benign cystic lesion, which is lined by stratified squamous epithelium and includes keratin debris. They can present anywhere in the body but are rare in the head and neck areas. In this report, we present an uncommon case of simultaneous occurrence of OOC in mandible and EDC around the areas of both ears in a patient who has no history of genetic syndrome.

Dentigerous cyst is considered one of the representative cystic lesions, which accounts for approximately 15%-30% of the odontogenic cysts. Although its recurrence rate is low, a small proportion of dentigerous cysts converted into ameloblastomas, squamous cell carcinomas, and mucoepidermoid carcinomas. Here we present an uncommon case characterized by histopathological transformation from a dentigerous cyst to an ameloblastoma, and further investigate the factors contributing to its conversion.

본 연구는 우리나라 고랭지 배추재배지에서 근래에 문제되고 있는 Heterodera속의 사탕무씨스트선충(H. schachtii)과 클로버씨스트선충 (H. trifolii)에 대한 살선충 물질(Burkholderia rinojensis, fluazaindolizine, fluopyram, fosthiazate, hydrogen peroxide, imicyafos)들의 알과 유충에 대한 약제 반응 차이를 알아보기 위하여 수행하였다. 실험 물질에 따른 부화율 비교 결과 부화율은 처리 약제별에 따라 차이를 보였는데 fluopyram, fosthiazate, imicyafos 처리에서는 두 선충 모두 99%의 매우 높은 부화억제 효과를 보였으며 선충간 약효차이는 hydrogen peroxide를 제외하고는 없었다. 부화유충에 대한 처리별 살선충 활성은 부화 억제효과 실험에서 높은 부화억제 효과를 보였던 fluazaindolizine 처리에서만 두 선충 모두에 대하여 30%미만의 낮은 살선충 효과를 보였고, 나머지 처리에서는 90%이상의 치사율을 보였다. 처리 24시간 후와 48시간 후 모든 실험물질에 대한 2령충들의 약제반응은 종간 차이를 보이지 않았다. 실내 실험에서 동일한 기주를 가해하는 두 씨스트선충들의 살선충제들에 대한 약제 반응이 동일하게 나타나 두 선충 혼생지에서 동시방제가 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

Lingual cyst is a clinical term indicating a cyst occurring within the tongue. Various disease may clinically present as a lingual cyst, such as foregut cyst, dermoid cyst, thyroglossal duct cyst, salivary duct cyst, hemangioma and ranula. In general, lingual cysts are asymptomatic but may cause airway obstruction, feeding or swallowing problems. Most of these lesions can be simply treated by surgical excision with good postoperative healing and low recurrence rate. Apart from that, histopathological diagnosis of the lesion is important because it means the origin of the lesion. Thus it is important to rule out several origins of lingual cyst histopathologically, because it might be related with adjacent anatomical structure or may indicate cysts on other sites. Herein, we reported a case of lingual cyst with columnar epithelium at the ventral tongue of a 46-year old man and reviewed the clinical and histopathological considerations required for further classification in lingual cysts.

Nasopalatine duct cyst is a developmental non-odontogenic cyst caused by the entrapment of remnants during embryologic fusion. Only a few cases have reported the intraluminal amorphous calcification in these cysts. This case showed a well-demarcated, unilocular lesion containing calcifications, which were later turned out to be cartilage graft at previous surgery. We report here this case to emphasize the need for thorough medical history taking.

Benign fibro-osseous lesions are demonstrated as a group of conditions, which normal bone is replaced by a connective tissue matrix that gradually develops cemento-osseous tissue and include developmental lesion, reactive lesion, dysplasia and tumor. Cemento-osseous dysplasia is one of benign fibro-osseous lesions, which is non-neoplastic process. Histologic features of cemento-osseous dysplasia are admixtures of bone and cementoid materials in a fibrous stroma. Cemento-osseous dysplasia associated with traumatic bone cysts has infrequently been reported. Traumatic bone cyst is a pseudocyst that may befound in both the jaws and the long bones. Though blockage of interstitial fluid drainage orvenous obstruction may be the cause of traumatic bone cyst, the exact pathogenesis of traumatic bone cysts is unknown. Melrose et al. was the first to report association of cemento-osseous dysplasia and traumatic bone cystsin their series. It is assumed that different mechanism is involved in cyst formation in these cases. This report presents review of literature and describes a case of focal cemento-osseous dysplasia associated with traumatic bone cyst of the mandible and its surgical treatment.

Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is the most common benign salivary gland tumor. Being pleomorphic, its histologic characteristics can be considerably varied, showing epithelial (ductal and non-ductal) cells and mesenchyme-like tissues (chondroid, myxoid, and osseous). Here, we present a rare case of a 76-year-old female presenting with a 2.0 cm PA with an epidermoid cyst of minor salivary glands on the soft palate.

클로버씨스트선충(Heterodera trifolii)은 우리나라 고랭지에서 배추에 피해를 주는 주요 씨스트선충으로 최근에 분포가 확인되었다. 본 연구는 온도와 접종밀도에 따른 클로버씨스트선충의 증식에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 수행하였다. 15~30℃ 온도조건에서 클로버씨스트선 충이 증식되었으며 20℃에서 암컷 성충 수, 알 수, 씨스트 수 모두 가장 많았다. 접종밀도에 따른 클로버씨스트선충의 증식은 접종밀도가 높아질 수록 암컷 씨스트선충의 수가 증가하는 경향이었는데 토양 1 g당 16개의 알 처리 시 증식량, 알 수, 씨스트 수 모두 가장 많았다. 암컷 씨스트 수와 알 수는 접종밀도에 상관없이 배추가 케일에 비하여 많이 형성되어 배추가 케일보다 클로버씨스트선충의 증식에 유리한 기주였다.

2011년 강원도 태백에서 최초 발생이 확인 된 사탕무씨스트선충은 고랭지 배추에 경제적 손실을 주는 주요 선충의 하나이다. 또한 2017년 고랭지 배추 재배지역에서 클로버씨스트선충도 분포가 확인 되었다. 본 연구는 씨스트선충의 확산을 조사하기 위하여 2013년부터 고랭지 배추 재배지역에서 씨스트선충의 발생지역 조사를 수행하였다. 아울러 2017년에는 종 특이 프라이머를 이용한 Real-time PCR기법으로 이들 두 선충 이외에 국내 분포가 알려진 콩씨스트선충의 검출지를 강원도 고랭지배추 주산지를 중심으로 조사하였다. 고랭지 배추재배지에서 씨스트선충 류의 감염포장은 매년 증가하여 2017년 태백, 삼척, 정선, 강릉지역에서 분포가 확인되었으며 정선지역이 2017년까지 누적 감염 포장 수가 245 개로 가장 많았다. PCR분석이 가능한 41점의 씨스트선충들 중 61%가 클로버씨스트선충이었으며 사탕무씨스트선충은 9.8%에 불과하였고, 콩 씨스트선충도 29.3% 확인되었다. 따라서 기존에 알려졌던 씨스트선충 검출 포장의 일부는 콩씨스트선충이 감염되어 있을 것으로 보이며 클로버 씨스트선충이 고랭지 배추재배지에 우점하는 것으로 나타나 향후 이 종에 대한 방제 대책이 필요할 것으로 생각된다.