본 연구의 목적은 간부의 코칭리더십과 실무자의 임파워먼트가 조직시민행동 에 미치는 영향을 실증적으로 분석하여 조직 발전의 기초자료를 제공하는 데 있 다. 이러한 목적을 달성하기 위해 전국 5개 시·도 소방공무원 중에서 실무자를 모집단으로 선정한 후 임의표본추출법을 이용, 2021년 8월 25일부터 10일간 온 라인으로 설문을 시행하여 최종 472부를 연구에 활용하였다. 분석 방법은 빈도 분석, 기술통계 분석, 구조방정식모형 분석을 사용하였다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 코칭리더십은 조직시민행동에 직접적인 영향 을 미치고 있고, 조직몰입을 매개로 간접적인 영향도 미치므로 부분매개효과를 가진다고 할 수 있다. 둘째, 임파워먼트는 조직시민행동에 직접적인 영향은 미 치지 않으나, 조직몰입을 매개로 간접적으로만 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타나서 완전매개효과가 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 결론적으로 소방 조직의 발전과 성장을 위해서는 간부의 코칭리더십과 실무 자의 임파워먼트가 필요하다. 따라서 조직 내에 전문 코치 배치 또는 양성, 소방 교육기관의 코칭리더십 교육과 코치양성 프로그램 개발 등을 제안한다.

High-risk microbial pathogens are handled in a biosafety laboratory. After experiments, the pathogens may remain as contaminants. To safely manage a biosafety laboratory, disinfection of microbial contaminants is necessary. This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of UV-C irradiation for the disinfection of a high-risk plant pathogenic bacterium Erwinia amylovora in a laboratory setting. For the test, the bacterium (8.7 × 106 CFU/ml) was embedded on the surface of PDA and placed on the work surface in a biosafety cabinet (Class 2 Type A1), and on the three different surfaces of the laboratory bench, laboratory bench shelf, and the floor which were positioned in a straight line from the UV lamp installed in the ceiling of the biosafety laboratory (BSL 2 class). UV-C irradiation was administered for 10min, 30min, 1 hr, 2hr, 3 hr, and 4hr, respectively. The reduction rate of bacteria ranged from 95% to 99% in regard to 10 min irradiation, from 97% to 99% in regard to 30 min irradiation, from 99.8% to 99.9% in regard to 1 hr irradiation, and higher than 99.99% in regard to 2 hr irradiation. The bacterium was completely inactivated after 3 hr irradiation. A similar UV-C irradiation effect was obtained when the bacterium was placed at a distance of 1 m from the three different surface points. Bacterial reduction by UV-C irradiation was not significantly different among the three different surface points.

This study attempted to explore how the perception of the necessity of safety education for adolescents affects fire safety consciousness and whether personality factors control the relationship. To this end, a survey was conducted at a high school in region C, and data of 1,049 people who agreed to the survey and responded faithfully were used for analysis. Hayes’ macro was used to analyze the moderating effect, and as a result of the analysis, adolescents’ awareness of the need for safety education increased, and their relationship was significantly regulated by extroversion, openness, and conscientiousness among the five personality factors. A simple regression line analysis was conducted to find out the specific direction, and it was found that the higher the need for safety education in both the group with high extroversion, openness, and conscientiousness, the higher the awareness of safety education. These results suggest that changes in educational methods and contents are needed to raise awareness of the necessity of education in fire safety education and to improve educational motivation, and that it may be helpful to actively utilize students’ personality strengths in education.

본 연구의 목적은 소방조직에 코칭과 코칭리더십을 활성화시켜 조직 구성원들의 직무만족을 높이고 조직에 몰입할 수 있도록 하여 소방조직의 발전을 도모 하는 것이다. 이러한 목적을 달성하기 위해서 전라북도 소방서에 근무하는 직원들을 대상으로 설문을 실시하여 최종 331부를 연구에 활용하였다. 분석방법은 빈도 분석, 기술통계 분석, 구조방정식모형 분석을 사용하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 소방간부의 코칭리더십이 직원들의 조직몰입에 미치는 영향에서 총 효과는 유의하였으나, 직접적인 영향(direct effect)은 없는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 둘째, 소방간부의 코칭리더십이 직무만족을 매개변수로 하여 조직몰입에 간접적으로 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다. 직무만족은 코칭 리더십과 조직몰입 간의 관계에서 통계적으로 유의한 완전매개효과를 가지는 것으로 분석되었다. 결론적으로 소방간부의 코칭리더십이 높아질수록 직원들의 직무만족은 증가하며, 직원들의 직무만족이 높아질수록 조직몰입도 증가하는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 본 연구의 시사점은 소방간부는 업무를 수행할 때 조직의 목표와 비전을 실 현하기 위해서 직원들이 직무만족과 조직몰입을 할 수 있도록 코칭리더십을 발 휘하여야 한다는 것이다.

Compartment fire tests were performed using kerosene and Jet A-1 as fire sources to evaluate the relationship between flame temperature and opening size. The tests were performed for a fire caused by the release of kerosene owing to vehicle impact, and for a fire caused by the release of Jet-A-1 owing to airplane collision. The compartment fire tests were performed using a 1/3-scale model of a metal storage cask when the flame temperature was deemed to be the highest. We found the combustion time of Jet-A-1 to be shorter than that of kerosene, and consequently, the flame temperature of Jet-A-1 was measured to be higher than that of kerosene. When the opening was installed on the compartment roof, even though the area of the opening was small, the ventilation factor was large, resulting in a high flame temperature and long combustion. Therefore, the position of the opening is a crucial factor that affects the flame temperature. When the metal storage cask was stored in the compartment, the flame temperature decreased proportionally with the energy that the metal storage cask received from the flame.

Wildfire, which may effect on the spatial distribution of many insects, is one of important disturbances in forests. Because Monochamus beetles are known as vector insects of pine wood nematodes in Korea and burned pine trees can be used as oviposition habitats for Monochamus beetles, we investigated the changes in spatial and temporal distributions of M. alternatus and M. saltuarius across fire severity classes. We also studied other saproxylic beetles, such as cerambycid, scolytid, and bark beetles, which are potential insect pests for pine trees. Study area was classified by fire severity, such as unburned, light (<25% burned), moderate (25~75%), and severe (>75%). Spatial distribution of saproxylic beetles were significantly related to the fire severity.

Wildfire is one of important disturbances in forests, which may effect on insects distribution. In Sangju, about 13 haof pine forests was burned in March, 2017. We investigated the response of insects to fire severity in burned pine forests,Sangju. Study area was classified by fire severity as 5 classes, such as unburned, light, light-moderate, moderate-severe,and severe. We placed 4 multi-funnel traps in each fire severity class. A total of 729 insects belonging to 42 specieswere collected during May 24 to October 12, 2017. Spondylis buprestoides (447 individuals), Sipalinus gigas (50 individuals),and Acanthocinus carinulatus (43 individuals) were dominant species accounted for 74.1% of total. According to fire severity,abundance and species richness were increased with fire severity, especially in high-medium area. Interestingly, two Monochamusspecies, vector insects of pine wood nematodes, were more caught in more severed area than in other classes.

This study was conducted to investigate the change of moth communities by the effect of forest fire in Samcheok, Korea. Moths were collected 4 times a year from 2006 to 2009 with UV light traps at 3sites: Unburned area (Site 1), Surface fire area (Site 2), and Crown fire area (Site 3). A total of 3,804 individuals belonging to 727 species from 30 families were captured at the 3 sites. A total of 3,804 individuals belonging to 727 species from 30 families were captured at the 3 sites: 1,727 individuals of 505 species (27 families) at Site 1, 1,193 individuals of 353 species (24 families) at Site 2, 885 individuals of 340 species (25 families). The index of similarity (Index α) was higher between Site 2 and 3 in 2006, while higher between Site 1 and 2 in 2009. Moths were grouped into 16 categories by hosts of the larva stage. Based on our results, we discussed the change of moth communities by the effect of forest fire.

2005년 4월 4일부터 6일까지 강원도 양양군에 대형산불이 발생하여 산림 250 ha를 포함하여 인근 농가의 목초지가 피해를 입었다. 따라서 본 연구는 산불 피해 초지에서 보파시기와 보파량이 초지의 생산성과 사료가치에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 수행되었다. 처리는 대조구, 산불발생 10일후에 추천 파종량의 30%와 50%, 20일후에 30%와 50% 보파를 포함하여 6처리를 공시하였다. 그러나 본 연구에서 산불 피해 목초지에서 생산성과 사료가치에

This Study is to suggest a method of effect evaluation of forest fire on governor station in shrub land. Theoretically, to evaluate effects of forest fire, it is combined that Spread Rate of Forest Fire, Flame Model, and Thermal Radiation Effects Model; i.e. a travel time of forest fire is calculated by Spread Rate of Forest Fire, fire-line intensity is calculated by Flame Model, and effects of fire-line intensity is affected by Thermal Radiation Effects Model. With the aforementioned method, we could carry out the effect evaluation of forest fire on governor station in shrub land and could distinguish scenarios to need protection plan from all scenarios.

본 연구는 대형 산불이 발생한 강원도 고성군 산불피해지 역에 서식하는 맹금류의 현황을 통해 산불피해지 역이 맹금류의 서식에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 실시하였다. 고성군 산불피해지역에서 관찰된 맹금류는 총2목 3과 8종 최대 개체수 합계 28개체가 확인되었다. 최우점종은 새홀리기였으며, 말똥가리, 황조롱이, 붉은배새매의 순으로 조사되었다. 2002년 5월에 가장 많은 종과 개체수가 관찰되었으며, 부분적 미피해지역과 미피해지역에서 5종으로 가장 많은 맹금류가 관찰되었다. 이 한 맹금류들의 종과 개체수를 증가시키기 위해서 산불피해지 역에 맹금류들이 둥지를 만들 수 있는 조건을 조성해준다면, 산불피해지 역에 서식하는 맹금류의 종과 개체수는 더욱 늘어날 것으로 판단된다.

This study investigated the effect of May 31, 2022 Miryang wildfire on fine particle concentrations in Busan and Gimhae, which are neighboring urban areas. In addition, fine particle characteristics and air pollution concentrations were investigated in Miryang, where haze occurred. The Miryang city wildfire that occurred on May 31, 2022, at 0925 LST, was driven by strong north winds and increased fine particle concentrations in Dongsangdong and Jangyoodong, Gimhae City, which are approximately 35 km to the southeast and south, respectively, of the wildfire occurrence site. Furthermore, the fine particle concentration in Myeongjidong, which is approximately 50 km south-southeast of the wildfire site, exhibited a temporary increase at 1400 LST owing to the effects of wildfire smoke. On the morning of June 1, the day after the fire, the Miryang area had very bad visibility because of the smoke from the fire. Therefore the PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations in Naeildong, 3 km south of the wildfire site, were 276 μg/㎥ and 222 μg/㎥, respectively, at 1200 LST. In addition, the gases O3, CO, and SO2 showed high concentrations at the time of haze generation. This study provides insights into policy making in response to the rapid increase in fine dust when wildfire occurs near cities.

The purpose of this study was to conduct a forest healing program for victims affected by the large forest fires of 2017 in Gangneung and to investigate its effects on the stress and physical health promotion of the victims. From January to March 2019, three forest therapy programs were conducted on 49 residents of four villages that suffered forest fires in the National Center for Forest Therapy, Daegwallyeong. The results showed that the degree of stress of forest fire victims decreased significantly by means of these programs. Furthermore, autonomic nerve activity, stress resistance, stress index, and fatigue decreased significantly and average heart rate and heart stability also improved.

본 연구에서는 지역 특성이 화재발생 및 피해에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 기후변화로 인한 자연환경의 변화와 사회경제적 성장 및 다변화로 인한 사회환경 변화로 지역의 화재발생과 피해가 증가하는 추세이다. 또한 화재는 발생가능성과 피해 측면에서 위험도가 높은 재난유형 중 하나로써 화재발생을 미연에 방지하는 능력과 화재발생 시 신속한 대응하는 것이 중요하다. 그러나 현재 우리나라에서는 지역의 화재발생 가능성을 예측하는 노력이 부족하고, 현재의 소방력 배치기준은 인구 및 관할면적에 의한 단순 배치기준에 머물고 있어 지역의 소방수요를 적절히 반영하지 못하고 있다는 문제가 있다. 이에 지자체 중심의 화재예방 및 대비대책을 수립하고 시행하기 위해서는 지역사회의 사회경제적 여건과 특징을 반영해야할 필요가 있다. 본 연구는 지자체의 사회경제적 특징이 화재발생과 화재피해에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 2008년부터 2013년까지 전국 시군구의 경제, 인구특성, 행정, 시설물 및 토지이용, 지역안전관련 부문에 해당하는 사회경제적 통계지표를 선정하고, 다중회귀분석을 통해 화재발생건수와 화재사망자수, 화재사상자, 화재피해액에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 지표를 파악하고자 하였다. 연구 결과 부문별 사회경제적 통계지표 중 화재발생건수에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 변수를 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 화재로 인한 사망자수, 사상자, 피해액 등 화재피해와 지역특성변수 간 관계성을 파악할 수 있었다. 본 연구는 화재에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 지역의 특성을 파악함으로써 지자체에게 지역의 화재안전도를 높이기 위한 사회경제적 기반을 다질 수 있는 정책우선순위를 제공할 수 있을 것이라 기대된다.

This study deals with the structural method in conjunction with deep floor slab that can ensure a sufficient fire resistance capacity from the point of view of lateral side of structure configuration in which asymmetric H-beams are partially buried in the concrete slab. In addition, this method can maximize more the story height reduction effects of slim floor system, as its applied building is higher. Hence, this study analyses fire resistance based on KS F 2257-1, inspecting behavior and temperature property of the fire of slim floor system applied to asymmetric H - beam, by changing the cross-sectional shape of this.