Background : Perilla frutescens L. is a bisexual, annual plant belonging to the Labiatae. Dormancy period of Perilla seed usually ranged from 85-200 days. The germination enhancing effects in a reduced seed vigor during the GA3 treatment has been reported. Objectives of the present study was to evaluate the effect of GA3 on germination rate and the expression of germination-related genes expression by using perilla seeds. Methods and Results : Three different cultivars (Saeyeopsil, Okdong) and accession (line 141) of perilla were used in the experiment and treated with GA3 at different concentration (50, 100, 300, 500 μM) for one day at dark condition. Germination test for perilla seed was carried out by using 100 perilla seeds treated with GA3 at 25℃. Rate of germination were evaluated after 10 days and the experiments were repeated three times in similar condition. Samples were collected from each cultivar and accessions for RNA extraction. After cDNA synthesis quantification, templates were subjected to RT-PCR using actin primers. EST blast performed for sequencing the RT-PCR products. Conclusion : Result showed that 100μM GA3 treated seeds of three perilla cultivars and accessions showed the highest germination rate. However, concentration of GA3 over 100 μM and lower than 100 μM resulted into reduced germination rate. Furthermore, expression of germination-related genes from 100 μM treated GA3 was higher compared to untreated sample by using 100 μM GA3 treated sample by using pC12, pJ14 primers.

본 연구는 환경 친화적인 새싹채소류의 고품질화를 위한 경제적이고 효율적인 살균기술을 개발할 목적으로 국내산 적무 종자의 다양한 열처리 방법에 따른 발아율과 미생물 저감효과를 조사하였다. 열수처리는 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 90℃에서 각각 30, 60초간 실시하였고, 건열처리는 70, 80, 90, 100℃에서 5분간 실시하였다. 열수 처리에 따른 미생물의 제어효과는 시간에 따른 유의적인 차이는 보이지 않았으나, 온도변화에 따른 유의적인 차이를 나타내었다 (p<0.001). 70℃ 이상의 온도에서 총세균수는 3 logs 이상의 감소를 보였으며, L. monocytogenes는 검출되지 않았다. 건열처리는 온도변화에 따른 유의적인 차이를 나타내었다 (p<0.001). 100℃에서 5분간 처리한 후 총세균과 L.monocytogenes 수는 3 logs 이하 감소하였다. 열수처리에 따른 발아율의 변화는 처리 전과 후 모두 시간에 따른 유의적인 차이는 보이지 않았으나, 75℃ 이상의 온도에서 온도증가에 따라 유의적으로 감소하였다(p<0.001). 한편, 열수처리 후 침지시킨 종자에서 발아가 더 촉진되는 것으로 나타났다. 건열처리에 따른 발아율은 80℃ 이상의 온도에서 온도 증가에 따라 유의적으로 감소하였다(p<0.001). 건열처리한 후 증류수에 3시간 침지시킨 종자의 발아율은 90℃ 이상의 온도에서 유의적으로 감소하였다(p<0.05). 결론적으로 적절한 열처리는 75℃, 30분 이상의 열수처리하는 방법으로, 적무 새싹채소의 종자의 미생물학적 안전성을증가시킴과동시에발아율을증가시키는것으로판단된다.

we analyzed the survival rate through the measurement of germinability of the gamma-ray irradiated buds of 4 Citrus species, C. hybrid ‘Kiomi’, C. hybrid ‘Setoka’, C. hybrid ‘Kanpei’, and C. junos, in greenhouse. To induce mutation, spring buds of Citrus with 0, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 Gy of gamma radiation were irradiated and then were vgrafted onto trifoliate orange rootstock. The rootstock number per gamma ray dosage was two hundreds. After after 6 months growth, the shoot germination rate from gamma ray-irradiated buds presented lower viability than those of non-irradiated buds. Higher dossage of irradiation more inhibited bud germination at all experimental groups of citrus. The viability of unirradiated citrus plants was C. junos > ‘Setoka’ > ‘Kiomi’ > ‘Kanpei’. We have determined LD50 of gamma ray-irradiation. This research was supported by the Basic Science Research Program of the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (NRF-2010-0007627 and 2009-0094059), and by Golden Seed Project, Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA), Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries (MOF), Rural Development Administration (RDA) and Korea Forest Service (KFS), Republic of Korea

This study was conducted to improve the managing and storing methods of the seeds of Aralia cordata var. continentalis (Kitagawa) Y.C.Chu, to examine the viability and the germination ability of seeds with different storing conditions and methods, and to develop new ways to propagate and have better healthy seedling. Therefore, the germination rate, days required for germinating seeds, and early growth responses of Aralia cordata var. continentalis (Kitagawa) Y.C.Chu were investigated with different storing temperatures, durations and methods. The germination rate was higher in stratified storage than that in dry storage condition. The highest germination rate was with outdoor temperature at 30 days after stratified storage. The days required for germinating seeds were less than 10 days with the treatment of 25℃ and outdoor temperature in stratified storage. In dry condition, they were shorter with 4℃ and 25℃ than those with -20℃ and outdoor temperature. Leaf number of seedling was higher in stratified storage compared to that in dry condition, while it was not clearly different according to storage temperatures and durations. Leaf length and leaf width of seedling was not difference among the treatment of storage methods, temperatures, and durations. Stem length of seedling was higher in stratified storage than those in dry condition, while root length was not clearly different among the treatments. It would be assumed that temperatures, methods and durations of storage could affect much to the germination rate and the early seedling growth response.

천립중이 가벼워 수량은 낮으나 sucrose와 glucose함량이 상대적으로 높아 환자의 이유식 등의 사용을 목적으로 개발된 단미 벼 종자의 발아 및 출아특성과 기계이앙 상자육묘시 적정 파종량을 구명하기 위한 시험결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 단미의 비중별 분포비율은 1.0이하로 가벼운 종자가 97.4%로 대부분이었고 1.12이상인 충실한 종자비율은 2.0% 이하로 낮았다. 반면 일미벼는 단미와 달리 1.12이상 충실한 종자의 비율이 82.3%로 가장 높았고 1.0이하의 충실하지 못한 종자의 비율은 6.4%로 낮았다. 2. 비중별 발아율은 단미의 경우 88-91%로 비중에 관계없이 비슷하였으나 일미벼의 발아율은 단미와 달리 1.0이하는 24%, 1.0～1.12는 61～66%, 1.12이상은 93%로 종자 비중이 무거울수록 발아율이 높았다. 3. 발아속도도 단미 및 일미벼 모두 발아율과 비슷한 경향을 나타냈으나 비중이 1.12이상일 경우 일미벼의 발아속도는 단미보다 빨랐다. 4. 육묘를 위한 단미의 침종기간은 침종온도에 관계없이 일미벼보다 2～4일 더 길었다. 5. 단미는 일미벼에 비해 정상모의 비율이 낮고 비정상모의 비율이 높았는데 비정상모중에서 출아불량이 4.9%, 출아후 shoot의 생육정지는 4.7%, 출아후 생육불량모는 5.3%로 높았다. 6. 기계이앙 육묘시 단미의 적정 파종량은 관행 일미벼 어린모 및 중묘의 상자당 성묘개체수를 기준으로 볼때 관행과 같이 어린모는 220g, 중묘는 130g이었고 부피로는 육묘일수에 관계없이 관행 일미벼의 1.5배량이었다.