Ricania sublimata are insects invaded in South Korea from China 2011. It has been happening continuously since invaded and It is established and continues to increase and occur in various crops such as persimmons, peaches, and apples. The nymphs and adults of R. sublimata causes damage by sucking the stems and leaves of trees. Yellow, blue, and white sticky traps (25x15cm) were installed in the 1000m2 Omija(Schizandra Chinesis Baillon) orchard september 2020 and the trap captures by color was investigated. In addition, yellow sticky traps were installed at heights of 1m, 1.7m, and 2m, and the trap captures according to the height was investigated. As a result of attraction according to the color of the sticky trap, yellow trap was the most attractive, blue and white traps had little attraction. And result of capture according to the yellow sticky trap height the most were caught at 1.7m height, followed by 1m and 2m in that order. Therefore, it is considered reasonable to investigate the density and monitoring of R. sublimata using yellow sticky trap.
본 연구에서는 경북 지역에 분포하는 소나무림을 대상으로 수관연료의 수직적 구조, 수관연료밀도를 파악하고, 여러 가지 변수를 이용한 수관층 각 부위별 연료량 추정식을 개발하고자 하였다. 본 연구 결과에 의하면, 수관층 연료의 수직적 분포 형태는 방추형으로 상대적 높이 비율 0.6~0.8 구간에 가장 많은 연료가 분포하였으며, 0.4 이하의 수관 하단부에는 주로 고사된 가지가 분포하고 0.8 이상부터 상단부로 갈수록 연료가 적어지는 형태를 보였다. 전체 수관에 대한 연료밀도는 평균 0.38kg/㎥이었으며, 이 중 산불 발생 시 쉽게 탈 수 있는 연소가능한 연료의 밀도는 0.21kg/㎥이었 다. 수관 특성 중 수관길이와 수관폭을 이용하여 수관층 연료량 추정식을 개발한 결과 조정결정계수(R2adj)의 범위는 0.56~0.79이었으며, 수관길이와 수관폭을 변수로 함께 사용하였을 경우 조정결정계수(R2adj)가 더 높은 값을 보였다. 본 연구의 결과는 임목에 대한 산불 연료적 관점에서의 다양한 정보를 제공할 뿐만 아니라, 영상자료를 활용하여 수관층 연료량을 추정하는데 활용될 수 있다.
We investigated population densities of mosquitoes in Gyeongbuk region from March to November, 2017 and pathogens were detected from the mosquitoes. Mosquito populations were investigated at 3 sites in downtown and 1 site in cowshed in Andong, 3 sites in Yeongdeok downtown and 3 sites near migratory birds habitat in Sangju by collecting trap. Total collected female mosquitoes were 7 genus, 13 species, 9,892 individuals and relatively dominant ratios are Aedes vexans (40%), Ae. albopictus (20%), Culex pipiens (16%). Flavivirus were monitored in 9,125 collected mosquitoes by real-time PCR and no target flavivirus causing infectious diseases were detected in Gyeongbuk area in 2017.
The study was conducted to determine proper seeding rate and nitrogen fertilizer level for the effective seed production of Winter Rye (Secale cereale L.) with randomized block design with three replicates by combining both seeding rates (3, 5, and 7 kg/10a) and different nitrogen fertilizer application levels (0, 3, 6, and 9 kg/10a) in northern area of Gyeongbuk province from Oct. 7, 2013 to Jun. 15, 2014. Emergence and overwintering rates were not influenced but lodging degree was influenced by seeding rate and nitrogen fertilizer level. High lodging were observed at the seeding rates and nitrogen fertilizer levels of more than 5 kg/10a and 6 kg/10a, respectively (p < 0.01). Lodging less than 20% were observed at the seeding rate of 3 kg/10a regardless of the increase of nitrogen fertilizer level, furthermore, no lodging was shown though seeding rate was increased up to 7 kg/10a under the condition without nitrogen fertilizer. No. of leaves per plant, plant height and culm length were increased as affected by the increase of nitrogen fertilizer level rather than the increase of seeding rate. Spike length was shortened as affected by the increase of seeding rate while it was lengthened by the increase of nitrogen fertilizer level with no interaction effect between the two factors. No. of stems and spikes per m2 were influenced by the increase of nitrogen fertilizer level rather than by seeding rate with no interaction effect between the two factors. Grain yield was significantly increased as influenced by the increases of seeding rate (A) and nitrogen fertilizer level (B) with interaction effect (A × B), which resulted in the highest grain yield (310 kg/10a) at the seeding rate of 5 kg/10a and the nitrogen fertilizer level of 3 kg/ 10a. In conclusion, the proper seeding rate and fertilizer application level would be 5 kg/10a and 3 kg/ 10a, respectively to effectively produce the winter rye seeds in northern Gyeongbuk province.
The purpose of this study is to address a current mushroom export situation in Gyeongbuk area for establishingexports strategy, and policy of mushrooms export. Mushroom industry has made a rapid growth over the past 20 years in Korea.Gyeongbuk province exports volume of enoki and king oyster mushrooms account for about half of the country, enoki and totalexports in 2009, and 81%, increased to 14% in 2010 and 2010, the maximum exports (9,415 tons) and the maximum exports(14,840 grand)was recorded. But, enoki and total exports in 2011, and -15%, decreased to -19% in 2012, and increased to 32%in 2013, 1% in 2014. King oyster mushroom to represent the Netherlands in Europe, exports were higher exports to China isnegligible. In the case of China in 2001, 5 spots automated mushroom factory, production, but only 8,000 tons in 2011, 652mushroom factory, production of 1,100,000 tons and in 2012, 788 mushroom factory, production of 1,520,000 tons quicklygrew.
This study was carried out to analyze of the cause of button mushroom production decrease of Gyoengbukprovince. In 1978, Agaricus bisporus was produced 48,000 ton and exported more than $50 millions. But since 2000, Domesticproduction of button mushroom was decreased by 70%, and button mushroom farm was also decreased by 37%. Cultivationarea was increased by 6%, but Gyeongbuk Province was decreased by 30%. Especially, Production per 3.3ߊ was dramaticallydecreased more than half. There were several causes such as rising labor and material cost, climate changes, and aging ofmushroom cultivation farmers. And there was no effort to develop of domestic button mushroom cultivation equipments. One ofthe main reasons for this reduction was supplied to low quality of button mushroom compost to the farm.
The purpose of this study is to analyze the gap in perceived importance-satisfaction rates of foreign Chinese students regarding the university foodservice selection attributes. All statistical analyses are conducted by the SPSS package program (ver 20.0). The results of the statistical analyses are as follows: The validity of the 22 food service selection attributes is being evaluated via the exploratory factor analysis and then five factors are extracted. The five factors are: ‘Factor 1. Cleanness and service quality’, ‘Factor 2. Food quality and price’, ‘Factor 3. Physical environment’, ‘Factor 4. Convenience’, and ‘Factor 5. Service environment’. According to the results of one-way ANOVA, physical environment showed that significant differences across the periods of residence in Korea and the eating frequency at on campus foodservices. On the other hand, the food quality and price, convenience, and service environment showed that significant differences across the periods of residence in Korea. In addition, according to the Importance-Satisfaction Analysis results, ‘ventilation of dining room’ is the key aspect that university food service managers should reinforce. In conclusion, in order to increase the customer satisfaction rates, the food service managers should not only improve the quality of food and service but also the physical environments of the food service facility.
경북지역 버섯수출의 요인들을 분석하여 수출증대 전략과 수출지원 정책을 수립하는데 활용할 수 있는 기초정보를 얻고자 수행한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다.가. 팽이버섯과 새송이버섯 품목의 경북지역 버섯수출량은 전국 버섯수출량의 약 절반을 차지하고 있으며, 팽이버섯은 총수출액이 2009년 81%, 2010년 14%로 증가하여 2010년에는 최대수출량(9,415톤)과 최대수출액(14,840천)을 기록했다. 이후 2011년 -15%, 2012년 -19%로 다소 감소 추세를 보이고 있으며, 새송이버섯의 경우는 수출액이 2010년 52%, 2011년 18%, 2012년 6.5%로 증가하여 완만한 성장세를 유지하고 있다. 나. 2012년 기간의 경북지역 팽이버섯의 수출지역별 수출액을 보면 2010년에 대중국 수출액 2,325천, 대홍콩 수출액 7,653천에서 2012년에 대중국 196천, 대홍콩 1,666천로 각각 –91%(2,129천), -78%(5,987천)로 급감하였는데 같은 시기의 경북지역 총수출액도 14,841천에서 10,113천로 -31%(4,728천) 감소하였다. 다. 새송이버섯의 경우 팽이버섯과는 달리 유럽지역을 대표하는 네덜란드가 수출비중이 높게 나타났으며, 중국으로의 수출은 미미한 수준이다. 라. 중국의 경우 2001년 공장형버섯농장 5개소, 생산량이 8천톤에 불과하였으나 2011년에는 652개의 공장형버섯농장, 생산량은 1,100천톤으로 매우 빠르게 급성장하였다.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the consumer characteristics in foodservice according to university students' lifestyles. The data were collected by the questionnaire survey of 520 university students from Daegu Gyeongbuk Province. The SPSS/Win 12.0 program was used to analyse the samples. The results are as follows: 1) Lifestyle was divided into 10 factors and 3 clusters, namely "Convenience Intention" (cluster I), "Health Information Intention" (cluster II), and "Gender Equality Intention" (cluster III). 2) The differences in general characteristics between the three clusters were founded on gender, frequency of visits, companion, information type, and the type of restaurant. 3) The characteristics of cluster I (Convenience Intention) are explained by it consisting of the group with low averages in consumer dissatisfaction, complaints, compensation, and repurchase intention, where as cluster II was the high average group and cluster III the middle average group. Based on these results, consumer characteristics in foodservice are discussed.
본 연구는 지방자치단체 및 지역사회복지 서비스 공급에서 자발 혹은 자원부문(the voluntary sector)이 가지는 중요성에 착안하여, 이의 자원화를 통해 지역사회복지 서비스를 향상시킬 수 있는 방안을 모색하는 데 목적을 두고 있다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 다음과 같은 몇 가지 측면에 논의 및 분석의 주안점을 두었다. 첫째, 자원봉사 활성화가 지역사회복지 서비스 향상에 미치는 이론적 논거를 파악했다. 둘째, 이러한 이론적 근거를 바탕으로 자원봉사를 활성화하기 위해, 경북 북부 지역의 자원봉사 활동실태, 사회복지시설 관련 자원봉사 활동실태, 자원봉사조직 관련 자원봉사실태 등을 조사하면서, 각 유형의 파트너십 및 네트워크를 집중 분석했다. 본 연구에서는 연구의 목적 달성을 위하여 문헌연구를 통한 실증분석의 연구방법을 주로 사용하였는데, 국내․외의 학술서 및 학술지를 비롯하여 각종 연구보고서, 학위논문, 정부와 공공기관의 각종 통계자료, 인터넷 자료, 기타 월간지와 계간지 등을 중심으로 하였다. 문헌 연구로 부족한 것은 지역사회복지 관련 담당 공무원과 NGO 그리고 주 수혜자들과 자원봉사 조직 관련 전문가들을 심층 면접하여 보완자료를 수집하였다. 사례지역의 자원봉사활동을 분석한 결과, 낮은 참여율과 낮은 지속율, 학생이나 주부 위주의 참여, 자원봉사자에 대한 교육 부족, 전담기구의 부족 및 자원봉사 육성․추진기관 간의 네트워크 부족 등의 문제점을 안고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 지역사회복지 네트워크 구축의 목적은 공동체 사회를 만드는 데 있다. 이를 위해서는 지역 내에 있는 사회복지 이용시설과 수용시설, 보건소, 시민단체와 의사협회나 변호사 등의 전문가단체, 종교기관, 지방정부 등이 망라된 지역복지 네트워크를 형성하는 것이 필요하다. 그리고 자원봉사센터가 직접적으로 복지서비스를 제공하지 않더라도 자원봉사센터가 지역단위의 사회복지 네트워크를 구축하는 구심점이 되어 복지 네트워크 형성을 주도해 나가야 한다.