Purpose: This study was conducted to understand the ethical climate, nursing practice environment, and ethical sensitivity of hospital nurses, and to investigate the influence of the ethical environment and nursing practice environment on ethical sensitivity. Methods: The subjects of the study were 137 nurses with at least one year of work experience. Date collection was conducted from July to August 2021, using the IBM SPSS Statistics 26.0 for Windows program(IBM Corp. Armont, NY, USA), the frequency and percentage, mean and standard deviation and Independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation, Multiple regression analysis. Results: As a result of the study, the ethical sensitivity of hospital nurses showed statistically significant differences according to age, marital status, position, and ethical educational experience. Ethical sensitivity was found to have a significant positive correlation between all sub-factors of the ethical environment and all sub-factors of the nursing practice environment. Among the sub-factors of the ethical environment, the factor influencing ethical sensitivity in this study is ‘relationship with peers (β=.20, p=.034) ’ and ‘relationship with manager (β=.24, p=.023) and the explanatory power was 42.0%, which was statistically significant (F=8.26, p<.001). Conclusion: This study confirmed that ‘relationship with peers’ and ‘relationship with managers’ influence ethical sensitivity among ethical environments. Therefore, it will be necessary to form a positive relationship between peers and managers to improve the ethical sensitivity of hospital nurses.

It can take hundreds of thousands of years for decreasing radiological effects of high-level radioactive wastes to those of natural background radiation. Therefore, long-term time scale should be considered in order to demonstrate performance and safety of deep geological disposal of the radioactive wastes. The changes of surface environment for these long-term time scale can have influence on safety analysis by changing transport path of radionuclides from the radioactive wastes. Changes in climate is considered as one of main factors causing the long-term changes of the surface environment. The own effects and interactions of climate with other components of the geological disposal system are organized in features, events, and processes (FEPs). In this study, some natural processes occurred by changes of climate were suggested and the connectivity between each process is proposed based on the relation of the FEPs concerned with the changes of climate and surface environment. The processes were classified into global and regional/local scales and was analyzed, respectively. Then, the influences of the processes on shallow groundwater and surface water body environment, which might be transport path of radioactive nuclides in local/site scales, were expected. As the proposed connection demonstrate the order or hierarchical relations of the natural processes, it can shows that some output by a certain process may be input of other process connected the former process in numerical simulations for interpreting the processes. If the connection may be considered to be suitable to represent longterm changes of the surface environment, it can be evaluated that the expected scenarios based on the connection is also proper. In addition, it can be helpful in selecting factors to be studied more detailed in terms of climate change for expecting long-term changes in the surface environment by analysis on the input and output data. The results of this study can be used as basic approaches to represent the long-term changes in the surface environment caused by specific natural processes from changes of climate. It will be also helpful for formulating scenarios related to long-term evolution in the surface environment required for performance and safety assessments of the deep geological disposal.

The present study investigated the effect of global warming on germination and initial growth across six deciduous oak species (Quercus mongolica, Q. variabilis, Q. serrata, Q. dentata, Q. aliena, and Q. acutissima), which are the dominant tree species in Korea forest ecosystems. Seeds were sown in climate change treatments, with temperatures higher than those of the control (approximately 3.0°C higher), and CO2 concentrations higher than those of the control (approximately 2-fold higher). Initial growth in each species was measured every two weeks. Initial growth was more rapid in all oak species at the time of root and shoot emergence under high temperature and CO2 treatments than in the control group. Leaf emergence in Q. mongolica, Q. variabilis, and Q. serrata occurred earlier under the climate change treatments than under the control. Root length increased significantly in Q. mongolica, Q. variabilis, and Q. dentata under the climate change treatments when compared to under the control. However, Q. aliena and Q. serrata exhibited a contrasting trends, and no significant difference was observed between the species and Q. acutissima. Shoot length increased significantly in Q. aliena under climate change treatments when compared to under the control but decreased in Q. aliena. In addition, no significant difference was observed in shoot length among Q. mongolica, Q. dentata, and Q. acutissima. The results showed that climate change treatments facilitated early growth, rapid emergence from the ground, leaf development, and enhanced belowground growth in Q. mongolica. Conversely, Q. aliena exhibited the lowest aboveground and belowground growth under climate change treatments when compared to other oak species. Climate change treatments had the least impact on Q. acutissima considering the insignificant differences observed in initial growth rates under climate change treatment.

In this article, firstly, we talk about why we respond to “climate change impacts in nature and society” educationally. Secondly, we try to find ways that Jeju also has the ability to halt biodiversity loss and apply nature-based solutions to conserve biodiversity, enhance resilience, and so improve the well-being of the people on the island and in turn to improve the well-being of the people on the planet at the grass roots level of UNESCO internationally protected areas. Thirdly, we try to develop World Environment University Online School Leads Establishment of World Environment University so called “Lead WEU.” We will announce “World Environment University Online School Leads Establishment of World Environment University” at Private Meeting of the 2020 World Conservation Congress on September 9, 2021 in Marseille of France. We propose ”Jeju Global Governance of World Heritage; Climate Change Impacts and Integrated Management of UNESCO internationally Protected Area, at the graduate class of Jeju National University from September 2 to December 9, 2021. The core program centered at the University itself would be developed initially on the basis of the comparative advantage offered by its location in Jeju and the quality of faculty, full and part time, that could be recruited to the University.

Climate friendly technologies contribute to tackling global climate crisis and the dynamic transfer of these technologies is important to achieve universal climate actions. The UNFCCC, and its recent Paris Agreement, have introduced international assistance to promote climate related-technology transfer. They call for collaborative actions from both technology supplier and demander sides in order to enable environments for a meaningful and effective technology transfer. According to the UNFCCC, the international technology assistance is unlikely to work in a desired way with the absence of indigenous enabling environments. Therefore, it is crucial to identify, assess and overcome potential barriers potentially confronted by host countries in their acquisition of climate technologies, which helps prepare these countries for climate resilience economy and sustainable development. This paper attempts to provide a deep and comprehensive analysis on enabling policy/law environments in host countries and uses Asian countries as examples in most occasions.

본 연구는 멸종위기식물인 섬시호를 대상으로 기후변화의 원인인 CO2+온도상승과 식물의 생육 및 분포에 중요한 광, 수분, 영양소를 조합 처리하여 지구온난화에 대해 어떻게 반응하는지 알아보고, 기후변화환경 하에서의 보전방안을 마련하고자 하였다. 실험은 야외의 CO2 농도와 온도를 반영한 대조구와 유리온실에서 대조구보다 CO2 농도가 약 2배, 온도가 약 2°C 높게 유지한 CO2+온도상승구로 구분하여 2010년부터 2011년까지 생육시켜 관찰하고 비교하였다. 섬시호의 생육반응은 광, 수분, 영양소보다 CO2+온도상승의 영향을 더 많이 받았고, CO2+온도상승구에서 영양소가 많은 조건일 때 잘 자랐다. 잎 수는 대조구에 비해 CO2+온도상승구에서 광이 낮은 구배와 영양소가 높은 구배에서 많았고, 잎 폭은 대조구에 비해 CO2+온도상승구에서 광과 영양소가 중간 구배에서 좁았다. 그러나 지상부 길이, 잎몸 길이 그리고 잎자루 길이는 대조구와 CO2+온도상승구 간에 차이가 없었다. 본 연구결과를 토대로 미래기후환경 하에서 섬시호의 보전을 위해서는 섬시호 자생지에 NH4 +, NO3, P2O5, K2O 등이 포함된 영양소를 공급하고, 섬시호 자생지가 파괴되지 않도록 하여야 한다. 또한 섬시호의 자생지와 유사한 환경조건을 가진 곳을 발굴하여 복원함으로써 서식지를 확대하여야 한다.

This current research investigated whether job stress mediates the relationship between physical environment and safety behavior of members in organization. Furthermore, we hypothesized that safety climate functions as moderator between physical environment-job stress link. In order to examine the hypotheses, 870 employees in various fields of companies were sampled. Using structural equation modeling(SEM), we conducted moderated mediation model analysis which cab elaborately test the significance of our hypotheses. The results showed that job stress mediated the link between physical environment and safety behavior of members. Moreover, the relationship between physical environment and job stress was moderated by safety climate. The implications and limitations of our study and suggestions for future research were discussed.

본 연구는 멸종위기식물인 섬시호를 대상으로 기후변화 의 원인인 CO2 + 온도 상승과 식물의 생육 및 분포에 중요 한 광, 수분, 영양소를 조합 처리하여 지구온난화에 대해 어떻게 반응하는지 알아보고, 기후변화환경 하에서의 보전 방안을 마련하고자 하였다. 실험은 야외의 CO2 농도와 온 도를 반영한 대조구와 유리온실에서 대조구보다 CO2 농도 가 약 2배, 온도가 약 2℃ 높게 유지한 CO2 + 온도 상승구로 구분하여 2010년부터 2011년까지 생육시켜 관찰하고 비교 하였다. 섬시호의 생육반응은 광, 수분, 영양소보다 CO2 + 온도 상승의 영향을 더 많이 받았고, CO2 + 온도 상승구에 서 영양소가 많은 조건에서 잘 자랐다. 잎 수는 대조구에 비해 CO2 + 온도 상승구에서 광이 낮은 구배와 영양소가 높은 구배에서 많았고, 잎 폭은 대조구에 비해 CO2 + 온도 상승구에서 광과 영양소가 중간 구배에서 좁았다. 그러나 지상부 길이, 잎몸 길이 그리고 잎자루 길이는 대조구와 CO2 + 온도 상승구 간에 차이가 없었다. 이상으로 볼 때, CO2 농도와 온도의 증가에 의한 식물들의 생육반응은 연구 대상종에 따라 다른 결과를 나타낸다. 이러한 이유는 모든 종마다 CO2 농도와 온도에 반응하는 특이성을 가지고 있고, 여러 복합적인 요인에 의해 식물의 생장이 이루어지기 때문 으로 판단된다. 본 연구결과를 토대로 미래기후환경 하에서 섬시호의 보전을 위해서는 섬시호 자생지에 영양소를 공급 하고 섬시호 자생지가 파괴되지 않도록 하여야 한다. 또한 섬시호의 자생지와 유사한 환경조건을 가진 곳을 선정하여 복원함으로써 서식지를 확대하여야 한다.

□ 특성화 사업단의 교육비전과 목표 ○ 사업단 교육비전은 “국가 지역사회의 안전 녹색경제 발전에 기여“에 있음 ○ 교육목표는 “기후변화관련 기본 응용 교육과 현장훈 련을 통한 관련분야 융합 지식을 갖춘 전문 인재 양성“임 ○ 주요 추진전략은 “교육시스템의 혁신”에 있음 □ 특성화 사업단 지원 및 육성 전략 ○ 3개의 사업부(기획부/행정부, 사업부, 국제/산학협력 부)와 사업단 운영·자문을 지원하는 2개의 위원회(운영위원 회, 외부 자문ㆍ평가 위원회)로 구성

기후 자료를 정확히 분석하고 미래 환경을 예측하기 위해서는 이들 자료에 대한 검증과 품질 관리 과정이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 우리나라에서 구축한 기후 자료의 품질을 효과적으로 관리하기 위하여, 기후 자료의 시각화 도구를 개발하고, 이를 이용한 품질 관리 방안을 제시하였다. 본 연구에서 개발한 HTML5 기반의 시각화 도구를 이용하여, 인터넷 환경에서 다수의 전문가들이 효과적으로 기후 자료를 관리할 수 있게 되었다. 기후자료의 시각화 도구를 활용하여 기후자료의 품질 관리 업무에 적용한 결과, 다양한 종류의 품질 관리 검사를 효과적으로 수행할 수 있었다. 본 연구의 결과는 향후 기상청의 기후 자료 품질 관리 업무에 활용될 수 있을 것으로 예상된다.

The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in the external thermal environment, following the application of evaporative cooling systems in buildings, in response to climate change. In order to verify changes in the external thermal environment, a T-test was performed on the microclimate, Thermal Comfort Index (TCI), and building surface temperature. Differences in microclimate, following the application of the evaporative cooling system in the building, were significant in terms of temperature and relative humidity. In particular, temperature decreased by more than 7% when the evaporative cooling system was applied. According to the results of the Thermal Comfort Index analysis, the Wet-Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT) was below the limit of outdoor activities, indicating that outdoor activities were possible. The Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) values were within the very strong heat stress range when the evaporative cooling system was not applied, When the system was applied, the UTCI values were within the strong heat stress range, indicating that they were lowered by one level. The building surface temperature decreased by ~10% or more when the evaporative cooling system was applied, compared to when it was not applied. Finally, the outside surface temperature of the building decreased by ~12% or more when the system was applied, compared to when it was not applied. We conclude that the energy saving effect of the building was significant.

This study evaporative cooling system a heat wave climate change and reduction of the inside and outside thermal environment change research. Measurement items included micro meteorological phenomena and measured comfort indices. A micro meteorograph of temperature, relative humidity, surface temperature, and the comfort indices of WBGT, UTCI, and PMV were measured. The difference in inside and outside temperatures were compared for different land types, with the largest difference found in Type A (4.81℃), followed by Type B (4.40℃ ) and Type C (3.12℃). Relative humidity was about 10.43% higher inside due to water injection by the evaporative cooling system. Surface temperature was inside about 6.60℃ higher than the outside all types. WBGT were Type A (3.50℃) > Type B (2.71℃) > Type C (1.88℃). UTCI was low heat stress inside than outside all types. PMV was analysed Type C for inside predicted percentage of dissatisfied 75%, other types was percentage of dissatisfied 100% by inside and outside. Correlation analysis between land cover type and temperature, surface temperature, pmv, utci. T-test analysed inside and outside temperature difference was significant in all types of land.

본 연구에서는 기상청에서 제공하는 RCP 기후변화시나리오를 이용하여 기후변화와 유역유출특성에 따른 환경영향을 평가하였다. SWAT모형을 이용한 미래 댐 유입량 평가, HEC-ResSim 모형을 이용한 댐 안전성 평가 및 하류 유황분석을 수행하였다. 또한, 기존 수질관측자료를 이용하여 Seasonal-Kendall Test를 통해 수질변화 추세에 대해 분석하였고, SWAT과 HEC-ResSim 모형으로 도출된 방류량 및 지류유출량을 Qual2E모형에 적용하여 미래 수질변화 추세에 대해 분석하였다. 다음과 같은 유역 통합환경검토 기법은 하천환경에 대한 과학적 물환경 관리 체계를 확보하고, 기후변화 등 새로운 환경문제에 선제적으로 대응하기 위한 지침을 마련할 수 있을 것이다.

우리나라는 몬순기후의 영향으로 여름철 강우가 집중되기 때문에 작은 기후변화에도 심각한 수자원의 문제를 야기시킬 수 있다. 이로 인해 기후변화에 대한 많은 관심이 집중되어 그에 따른 연구도 활발히 진행되고 있다. 본 연구는 남강유역에서의 미래 기후변화에 의한 하천의 흐름과 수질변화를 예측하기 위해 유역-하천 모형을 연계하여 하고자 하였다. 인공신경망기법을 이용하여 기후시나리오를 예측한 후 유역수문 모형인 SWAT모형을 구축하였고 모형의 적용성 평가를 위해 환경부 자료를 이용하여 검보정한 결과 R²이 0.7 이상으로 적정 수준으로 모의되었다. SWAT의 결과와 HEC-ResSIM을 이용한 미래 남강댐방류량을 QUALKO의 입력 자료로 사용하였다. 그 결과 저수기에는 풍수기와는 달리 연도별 유량에 따라 BOD가 많게는 약 2mg/L의 차이를 보이는 등 변화 폭이 크게 나타났다. 강우와 유역의 유출이 하천의 수질에 큰 영향을 끼치기 때문에 풍수기에 비해 유량이 적은 저수기에 수질농도가 높은 것을 알 수 있다. 그러므로 남강댐의 저수기의 용수확보를 통해 남강하류 하천의 유지용수를 확보하고 효율적인 관리를 통해 향상된 수질을 관리 할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

워터프런트의 온화한 기후특성과 함께 자연이나 개방성 그리고 그러한 것들을 포함하는 축제성이 시민 생활환경의 질 향상이라는 요구에 대응하기에 적합한 공간이라는 특징 때문에 부산에서는 해안지역 워터프런트의 개발이 수익의 극대화를 위해 초고층 건축물 위주로 개발이 진행되고 있다. 그러나 이러한 초고층 위주의 개발은 토지피복의 변화와 더불어 풍속을 약화시키기 때문에 개발에 의해 기후특성이 변화될 가능성이 크다고 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 초고층 개발에 따른 워터프런트의 기후변화를 파악하기 위해 최근 초고층 건축물 위주의 개발이 집중되고 있는 부산의 해운대 지역을 대상으로 개발 전후의 기후특성을 비교 검토하여 개발 이후 해운대의 겨울에 따뜻하고 여름에 시원한 해안지역 기후특성이 변화하여 여름의 기온상승이 현저하며 열대야일수가 증가하였음을 밝혔다.