중동에는 분쟁과 갈등이 상존해 왔다. 이 연구의 목적은 전쟁과 대립 속에 있는 아랍 세계를 향한 선교 방법론과 실천 과제들을 모색하는 것이다. 근대부터 현대까지 팔레스타인-이스라엘 분쟁, 시리아 내전과 이슬람 국가(IS), 하마스-이스라엘 전쟁은 아랍 민족들의 생존을 위협 해 왔다. 위기 속에서 아랍 민족들은 내부 도시들과 주변국으로 이동해 난민의 신분으로 살아가고 있다. 이 연구는 아랍 세계의 분쟁 가운데 아랍 민족들을 향한 선교의 실천에 초점을 맞춘다. 이를 위해, 팔레스타 인 기독교, 로잔 운동(Lausanne Movement), 세계교회협의회(WCC) 의 선교 성명서들을 고찰하고 분석한다. 선교 성명서들에 근거하여 전쟁과 대립의 현장에서 아랍 세계를 향한 선교의 실천 과제들을 도출한 다. 결론적으로, 이 연구는 분쟁과 갈등 가운데 아랍 민족들을 향해 새롭게 실천해야 할 선교적 과제들을 제시하고 있다.

Pepper cultivation requires a great amount of manual labor, especially for varieties needing support stakes to prevent them bending or breaking in heavy winds or rain. In Korea, it is recommended to secure support stakes and string lines carefully, so as to minimize the risk of damage caused by typhoons. The harvesting of peppers is a labor-intensive process with low rates of mechanization.The removal of stakes is particularly time-consuming during mechanical harvesting, and lodging is a major issue during cultivation and mechanical harvesting. Given increased mechanization during pepper harvesting, it is important to consider these issues when undertaking variety development and cultivation method improvements. Further research and development are required to improve cultivation practices and develop pepper varieties that are more resistant to lodging. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the impact of different cultivation methods on pepper lodging, thus broadening our knowledge on the desirable architecture of pepper plants required for lodging tolerance.

This study investigated associations between healthy dietary practices and the odds of prediabetes among Korean adolescents. The data of 1,624 adolescents aged 12 to 18 who participated in the 2017-2021 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed. Healthy dietary practices were defined according to Health Plan 2030 criteria, and prediabetes was defined as a fasting blood glucose level of 100-125 mg/dL. After controlling for confounders, adjusting odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for prediabetes were determined for different healthy dietary practices using multivariable logistic regression analysis. Compared with adolescents who engaged in healthy dietary practices, those who did not had a 1.63-fold (95% CI: 1.12-2.37) higher odds of prediabetes. In addition, adolescents who did not consume ≥500 g of fruit and vegetables daily and those who refrained from reading nutritional fact labels, which are both subindicators of healthy dietary practices, had a 1.66 (95% CI: 1.05-2.62) and 1.58-fold (95% CI: 1.06-2.37) higher odds of prediabetes, respectively, than those who did. Increasing the proportion of adolescents engaging in healthy dietary practices, such as consuming ≥500 g of fruit and vegetables daily and reading nutritional fact labels when selecting food, is imperative.

Abstract Purpose : The aim of this study was to identify knowledge and lifestyle habits for glaucoma prevention and to present basic data for future glaucoma prevention education. Methods : From April to September 2023, 447 people in their 20s to 60s were selected and an online survey was conducted. The questionnaire consisted of a total of 30 questions, including 6 questions about the subject's general characteristics, 14 questions about knowledge and awareness of glaucoma, and 10 questions about lifestyle habits related to intraocular pressure. Results : 89.7% responded that they had heard of glaucoma, and 31.1% of respondents knew the difference between glaucoma and cataracts. 34.5% responded that early detection is difficult, 33.3% that complete treatment is difficult, 23.5% that even normal intraocular pressure can cause glaucoma, and 36.0% that the incidence of glaucoma is increasing day by day. The level of awareness and knowledge was higher with age, in women than men, in those with a family history, in professional occupations, with metabolic diseases, and with high myopia. Lifestyle habits related to intraocular pressure were higher with age, among women, when smartphone use was less than 3 hours, and among housewives and professionals. The relationship between glaucoma knowledge and awareness and intraocular pressure-related lifestyle habits was statistically significant (r=0.248, p<0.001). Conclusion : Although the level of basic knowledge about glaucoma was high, the level of specific knowledge was low compared to the increase in the incidence of glaucoma over the past 10 years. Key words : Glaucoma, Healthy Life Practices, Intraocular pressure

This study examined translingual practices in two playdates of a Korean four-year-old boy (Theo) with a Korean boy and an American boy. The boys played a game called Candy Land. In both playdates, the boys’ naturally occurring English and Korean communication strategies were observed and analyzed based on Canagarajah’s (2013) four types of negotiation strategies: envoicing, recontextualization, interactional, and entextualization. They adapted and accommodated translingual practices in communicative situations using strategies such as body language, whispering, codemeshing, and codeswitching. Interviews were conducted with Theo to examine his understanding of his language as a user of Korean and English in the United States. Theo expressed his thoughts about language in metaphor, using his hands, and asserted that he needed English to have a sense of belonging and access to resources in his preschool.

본 연구는 취약계층의 디지털 포용을 위한 기업들의 사례를 통해 탐색하고 비즈니스 모델 캔버스를 활용하여 연구·분석하였다. 취약계층에 중점을 두고, 사업 영역을 구축하고 활동하는 기업의 사례를 통 해 디지털 포용 분야의 핵심 기업 비즈니스 모델을 핵심 구성 요소별로 살펴보고 고찰하였다. 그 결과, 첫째, 디지털 포용기업의 특징으로 사업 활동의 대상이나 목표가 결코 취약계층에만 있는 것이 아니라, 사업의 모든 활동과 과정에서 취약계층을 참여시키거나 핵심 활동의 일원으로 고용을 창 출하는 것 또한 디지털 포용의 큰 의미라고 할 수 있겠다. 둘째, 정부의 노력에도 불구하고 취약계층의 사각지대는 엄연히 존재하며, 디지털 소외 계층의 해소 와 디지털 격차를 줄이는 디지털 포용기업에 대한 정부 주도의 정책이나 제도적인 보완이 필요할 때인 것으로 판단된다. 셋째, 공유가치의 등장과 사회적 가치 창출이 지속 가능한 경영의 전략으로 주목받는 현대 사회의 핵 심 이슈에 걸맞은 신 기업가 정신의 연구와 일선 기업들의 노력이 필요할 때이다. 끝으로 취약계층의 포용과 배려를 위한 기업의 노력과 확산을 바라며, 기업의 공유가치와 사회적 가 치 창출에 대한 후속 연구를 기대해 본다.

This study aimed to determine the association between household types and healthy dietary practices among Korean adults. A cross-sectional analysis was performed using nationwide data on 23,488 participants from the 2017-2021 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Based on self-reported data, the participant household types were classified into single- and multi-person households. The adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for healthy dietary practices according to household types were calculated by applying multivariable logistic regression analysis after adjusting for confounders. Of total, 11.21% and 88.79% were single- and multi-person households, respectively. Compared with individuals living in multi-person households, those in single-person households had lower odds of adhering to healthy dietary practices (AOR: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.79-0.98) and consuming adequate saturated fatty acids (<7% of energy) (AOR: 0.78, 95% CI: 0.69-0.88). In addition, men and individuals aged 65 years living in single-person households exhibited lower odds of consuming adequate saturated fatty acids and 500 g of fruit and vegetables per day than those in multi-person households. Single-person households often find it a challenge to practice a healthy diet. Hence, nutritional policies and educational support that help individuals living alone consume healthier diets are warranted.

Consumer studies mainly take a cross-sectional approach to understand leisure and home consumption. This paper takes the mundane workplace as a unit of consumption and adopts a processual view to understand what and how cultural capital for impression management is acquired and changes over career trajectories. Integrating the theories of Goffman (1959) and Bourdieu (1977; 1984; 1990), the study explores how embodied habitual practices (habitus) enables and shapes impression management to build desirable work identity (Hallett, 2003). The walking-with interviews are used to seek conversations with senior executives in Hong Kong along their work routes. It proves to be a proficient approach and data collection technique to explore mundane consumption practices where knowledge is incorporated with people’s competence and artefacts (Mak, Lai, Tsaousi, & Davies, 2022). Among different resources for impression management, dining knowledge emerged as a significant cultural practices for performative self and building up of social capital.

James S. Gale (1863-1937), a Protestant missionary to Korea (1888~1927), was well-known for his extensive and profound influence on Korean studies and for his translation of the Cloud Dream of Nine (九雲夢), which was the first Korean classical novel translated into English by a Westerner. However, it is not well-known that Gale published a translation of the Great Learning (Daxue, 1924) and arranged for the publication of the Mean of the Doctrine, the Analects and Mencius. This is because it was known that Gale regarded Chinese characters and Confucian scriptures as obstacles to establishing the Christianity during his early period of mission in Korea. This paper examined the change of Gale’s perspective of Chinese characters and the characteristics of Gale’s Daxue. The analysis compares Gale and James Legg in their translations of the Chinese characters ‘命,’ ‘天,’ ‘明’ and ‘君子’ He employed the pure Korean word ‘Hananim’ for ‘God’ from a traditional Korean religion and its Korean etymology, while he rejected the use of Sino-Korean ‘Sangje上帝’, or ‘Chunju天主’ in the Korean Bible. Gale subsequently translated Daxue from a Korean point of view. However, his Korean perspective is mingled with Christianized concepts, which are illustrated in his translation of ‘命’ as ‘God’s command’ ‘天’ as ‘God’ ‘明’ as ‘glory,’ and ‘君子’ as ‘good man’ and ‘godly man.’

소니아 보이스는 영국의 아프로-캐리비안계 예술가로 미디어와 사회에 만연한 인종주의와 차별, 제국주의와 식민주의의 폐해, 흑인 여성의 주체성에 대해 정치적, 사회적, 문화적 관점에서 논의해온 작가이다. 보이스는 1980년대 영국에서 일어난 흑인 예술 운동의 주요 인물로 활동하며, 주류 문화·예술계에서 소외된 여성 예술가들과 연대하여 다양한 예술 활동에 참여해 왔다. 보이스 의 작업이 다시 한 번 미술계에서 주목받게 된 계기는 59회 베니스 비엔날레(2022)에서 영국 국가 관의 대표로 선정되며 최고 국가관에 수여되는 황금사자상을 수상하면서부터다. 하지만 그간 사회 적 소수자로 분류된 흑인, 여성, 이주민을 영국 미술계에서 인정하고 받아들이게 된 데는 여러 복합 적인 이유가 존재한다. 본 논문에서는 영국의 역사와 정치에서 중요한 격변의 시기에 제작된 보이 스의 대표작품과 전시인 <타잔에서 람보까지: 영국 태생 ‘원주민’은 구성된/자아 이미지와의 관 계와 재구축된 근원에 대해 고려한다>(1987)와 《그녀의 길을 따라》(2022)를 후기 식민주의와 여성주의 관점에서 고찰한다. 두 작업에서 중요하게 살펴볼 부분은 고정된 현상이나 사건에 대한 저항이나 투쟁이 아닌 담론이나 현상이 한 곳에서 다른 곳으로 이동했을 때, 그 교차하는 접점에 서 어떠한 내·외적 갈등이 일어나는지, 그리고 이것이 어떻게 예술로 변용될지에 관한 것이다.

Sabotage on nuclear power plants are of great national and social significance and long-term damage, the IAEA’s “Nuclear Security Recommendations on Physical Protection of Nuclear Material and Nuclear Facilities (INFCIRC/225/Rev.5) provides a standard direction for physical protection of their nuclear facilities in almost all member countries, including Korea and the United States. In the United States, Federal Law 10 CFR Part 73, Sections 73.40 to 73.57 specify requirements for physical protection of nuclear power plants, performance criteria, physical protection systems and components thereof, core information, and physical protection for key activities related to nuclear power plant operations. Accordingly, the USNRC carefully examines whether the plant meets the physical protection objectives and criteria set out in SRP 13.6.2, whether the core area/protection area is properly set up to protect against internal and external physical attacks, sabotage threats, and what design measures and facilities are being set up for these areas. The Department of Homeland Security (DHS), established in 2002 following the 2001 World Trade Center attacks, authorized federal, local governments, and authorities National Infrastructure Protection Plan (NIPP) to protect facilities from terrorist attacks and man-made physical attacks in 2007. NIPP clarifies the great principles and governance of the physical protection of national infrastructure in the United States presented by DHS. There are many physical protection design guidelines and technical standards for preventing attacks from terrorists or internal and external sabotage attackers, improving the viability of mitigating the damage in case of emergency, and achieving efficient recovery from such damage. Particularly important, small-scale damage/damage at a particular location of a major facility is extended to the entire facility, resulting in asymmetrical large-scale damage, so-called “Progressive Collapse” under initial attack loads, minimizing local damage, and protecting the building’s integrity through isolation from other structural components. Consequently, this paper deal with physical protection system design on Unite states standards and practices for applying to physical protection system design in Republic of Korea.

Environmental justice is the principle, concept, and practice that all human beings should have equal and equitable rights to enjoy safe physical environment. Due to increasing pollutions caused by industrialization, economic development and man-made other activities, however, environmental justice is denied to various poor segments of populations across the world. In order to address the growing inequalities and inequities for safe environment to these affected communities, environmental justice movement has emerged and accelerated during the past few decades. This article presents an analysis of the concept and practices of environmental justice within a global context. The article also highlights the roles and responsibilities of the public, business and NGO sectors in promoting environmental justice

This study is to explore and analyze three current English teachers’ thoughts and attitudes on their TEE practices in elementary English classroom settings. Adopting a qualitative approach, data were collected through interviews, teachers’ journals, and informal communications from the three elementary school English teachers. The analysis of data revealed three main themes: 1) thoughts on effective TEE classes, 2) factors affecting TEE classes, 3) the difficulties of conducting TEE classes. The participants presented their views on effective TEE classes. They also expressed their opinion on the timing and usage of TEE. The teachers said TEE classes are influenced by teachers’ English communication ability and willingness to use English as the instructional language, students’ English proficiency and the class atmosphere. Finally, the participants said that TEE classes were difficult due to the same factors influencing TEE class effectiveness. This study has implications for the direction of TEE implementation in elementary education.