In this study, the inhibitory effect of Paecilomyces tenuipes extract on PSA and angiogenesis-related factor expression levels were investigated in human prostate cancer cells, LNCaP. P. tenuipes extract significantly inhibited PSA expression in a dose-dependent manner. We also investigated the inhibitory effect of P. tenuipes extract on the expression of angiogenesis-related genes including VEGF, MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2. P. tenuipes extract significantly down-regulated the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in a dose-dependent manner. On the contrary, P. tenuipes increased the expression of TIMP-1 and TIMP-2. Our findings indicate that P. tenuipes exhibits an inhibitory effect on angiogenesis in human prostate cancer cells.

Mushroom have long been valued as highly nutritious and tasty foods in many societies throughout the world. Itis known for biological activities including anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative potential. However little is known about anti-cancer property. In this study, we investigated the anti-prostate cancer activity of mushrooms. For that, eight kinds ofmushrooms such as, T. matsutake, S. crispa, G. lucidum-US, G. lucidum-AS, C. cardinalis-BR, G. frondosa, P. linteus, U.esculenta were extracted with hot water. Among them, three kinds of mushrooms including T. matsutake, G. lucidum-US andC. militaris-BR extracts inhibited prostate specific antigen (PSA) expression in prostate cancer cell, LNCaP. These resultsdemonstrate that some of mushrooms inhibited PSA expression suggesting that the mushrooms might be a candidate for thetreatment of prostate cancer.

목 적 : Prostate MRI BOLD 영상에서 T2 star relaxometry fitting tool 수치를 구한 후 Cancer 구별의 유용성을 평가하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 2012년 1월부터 12월까지 1년간 본원에서 Prostate MRI 검사를 시행한 환자 중 Cancer로 판명된 40명과 Cancer외 질환으로 판명된 40명을 대상으로 하였고 평균나이는 61.3세였다. 장비는 Archiva 3.0T(Philips Medical System, Nederland)와 32Channel Torso-cardiac coil을 사용하였으며, BOLD sequence 조건은 FOV 200, TR/TE: 260/5.0, Matrix: 132 × 111, Thickness/gab: 5/1, NSA: 1로 하였고 Echo를 8, 12, 16, 20으로 하여 검사하였다. Cancer 판명과 Cancer 외의 판명 그룹으로 나눠 T2 star fitting tool을 이용하여 T2 star relaxometry의 수치를 구하였고 통계는 SPSS 12 Version을 이용한 검정 방법으로 One way ANONA와 다중비교, Bonferroni를 이용했다. 측정부위는 Prostate 전체부위로 설정하였다. 결 과 : Cancer 환자와 Cancer 외 환자그룹의 영상에서 T2 star relaxometry 수치 값은 8, 12, 16, 20 Echo 모두에서 Cancer 환자의 수치가 전부 높게 나왔다. 평균값은 116.075와 51.85로 두배 이상 수치 값으로 나왔다. SPSS 통계를 통해서도 Cancer 환자그룹과 Cancer 외 환자그룹의 차이는 통계적으로 유의하게 차이가 나타남을 알 수 있다(p<0.01). Cancer 환자그룹에서는 16 Echo 평균에서 118.67로 가장 높은 수치가 나타났으며 8 Echo평균에서 113.24로 가장 낮은 수치가 나왔다. 또한, Cancer 외 환자그룹에서는 8 Echo에서 52.42으로 가장 높은 수치를 나타냈으며 12 Echo에서 50.69로 가장 낮은 수치가 나왔다. 또한 각 Echo별 ROI설정 내 조직 T2 star 값은 Cancer환자 그룹이나(p=0.672) Cancer 외 환자 그룹 (p=0.083)은 모두 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. 결 론 : 두 그룹 내 Echo별 모든 검사에서는 T2 star relaxometry 수치 값 차이가 있었으나 통계적으로는 유의한 차이가 없어서 Echo별 구분은 의미가 없었으며 Cancer 그룹과 Cancer 외 그룹 간 차이에서는 T2 star relaxometry 수치가 차이가 많았고 통계적으로도 그룹 간 유의한 차이가 나타났으므로, Cancer 유무를 판단하는데 도움이 되리라 생각된다.

An assessment is made of the anti-proliferative activity of cicada slough-derived materials against 10 human cancer cell lines, including PC-3 and DU145 prostate cancer cell lines, using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Results were compared with those of the commercially available anticancer agent with broad spectrum cisplatin. The ethanol extract of Cryptotympana spp. slough was proved to have anti-proliferative activity against A549 lung, AGS stomach, PC-3 and DU145 prostate, Hela cervix, HT-29 colon, MCF-7 breast, and SK-Hep-1 liver cancer cell lines except for Hep-2 larynx and SK-OV-3 ovary cancer cell lines. The biologically active constituent was characterized as the nonprotein α-amino acid theanine [2-amino-4-(ethylcarbamoyl)butyric acid] by spectroscopic analysis, including EI-MS and NMR. Theanine was isolated from the cicada slough as a new cytotoxic principle. Fifty percent inhibition concentration (IC50) values of the constituent against PC-3 was 6.52 μg/mL, respectively. The activity of theanine (IC50,6.52μg/mL) did not differ significantly from that of the anticancer agent cisplatin (IC50,7.39μg/mL) toward PC-3. In conclusion, further studies on the cicada slough-derived materials containing theanine as potential anticancer products or a lead molecule for the prevention or eradication from human prostate cancer.

Prostate cancer is a leading cause of death among the aging men. Surgical or radio therapy is effective when the cancer is confined to the prostate gland but once the cancer spreads beyond the pelvis, even chemotherapy and hormonal ablation therapy fails in curing this disease. Our previous studies have shown that β-glucan induces apoptosis in prostate cancer cells. Cellular viability of these cells treated with β-glucan was measured by MTT assay. β-glucan induced dose- and time-dependent inhibition of cell viability in LNCaP cancer cells. In flow cytometry analysis, β-glucan induced dose- and timedependent apoptotic activities in LNCaP cancer cells. In addition, increased of expression caspase-3, caspase-9, Bax, and cytochrome C but decreased of expression Bcl-2 was observed in LNCaP cells treated with β-glucan. These results suggest that β-glucan induces apoptosis in LNCaP human prostate cancer cells mediated mainly through the increased of expression caspase-3, -9, Bax, cytochrome C and decreased of expression Bcl-2.

Cordycepin, a specific polyadenylation inhibitor, is the main functional component in Cordyceps militaris that is one of the top three renowned traditional Chinese medicines. In this study, we performed in vitro experiments to investigate the anti-invasive and anti-metastatic activities of cordycepin using human prostate carcinoma LNCaP cells. Cordycepin were administered and their effects on LPS-induced cell migration and invasion by wound healing migration assay, measurement of TER and In vitro invasiveness assay. Within the concentrations which were not cytotoxic effects, cordycepin caused a concentration-dependent suppression of LPS-induced cell migration and invasion. The anti-invasive activity of cordycepin was also found to be associated with increased tightness of the TJ, which was confirmed by an increase in TER. The activity of MMP-2 in LNCaP cells was dose-dependently inhibited by treatment with cordycepin, and this was also correlated with a decrease in expression of its mRNA and proteins, and up-regulation of TIMPs expression. Additionally, cordycepin repressed the LPS-induced NF-kB activation and phosphorylation of PI3K/AKT. Taken together, these findings suggest that cordycepin inhibited LPS-induced migration and invasion of LNCaP cells by down-regulating the expression and activity of MMP-2, and the possible targets may be NF-kB and PI3K/AKT.

Plantago asiatica L. (P. asiatica) has been used as one of the popular folk medicines in Asia for human health care practices. Various activities of P. asiatica have been reported, such as anti-oxidant, anti-glycation,anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective activity. Therefore, the potential of P. asiatica to reduce oxidative stress has been studied in several ways for over 20 years, especially at liver and kidney. However no investigation has been reported revealing its protective effect on prostate. Method : Treatment of P. asiatica leaf ethanolic extract (PLE) (1 g/kg body weight (b.w.), 2 g/kg b.w., or 4 g/kg b.w.) were given separately to animals for pretreatment once per day for 7days, and on the seventh day ferric nitrilotriacetate (Fe-NTA; 0.24 mmol Fe/kg b.w.), which is known as an oxidative stress-inducer at prostate, was administrated by i.p to negative control group. At the end of the study period, dissection was carried out for detecting the prostate protective effect of PLE. Result : Fe-NTA-treated animals produced reactive oxygen species (ROS) resulting in depletion of antioxidant biomaker, such as glutathione (GSH), glutathione reductase (GR), and glutathione s-transferase (GST) and increase of lipid peroxidation in prostate. However, PLE pretreatment resulted in an increase in the GSH, GST and GR levels concentration dependent manner and in an significant decrease in the levels of lipid peroxidation. Conclusion : Our data suggest that PLE may be effective in protecting oxidative stress-induced damage of prostate, and PLE may be an chemopreventive agent against Fe-NTA-mediated prostate oxidative damage.