간행물
생태와 환경 KCI 등재 Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
- 발행기관 한국수생태학회(구 한국하천호수학회)
- 자료유형 학술지
- 간기 격월간
- ISSN 2288-1115 (Print)2288-1123 (Online)
- 수록기간 1968 ~ 2025
- 주제분류 공학 > 토목공학 공학 분류의 다른 간행물
- 십진분류KDC 454DDC 551
권호리스트/논문검색
Vol.58 No.6 (2025년 12월) 17건
1.
2025.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
The synergistic impacts of global climate change and human activities are causing an unprecedented crisis, resulting in biodiversity loss and diminished ecosystem function. Confronting this challenge necessitates the systematic, long-term accumulation of ecological data as a prerequisite for establishing sound scientific evidence. This review synthesizes and analyzes 66 research papers published between 2014 and 2025 during the 2nd phase of the Korea Long-Term Ecological Research (KLTER) program, aiming to identify key achievements and propose future directions. The core objectives of KLTER include elucidating the mechanisms of structural shifts in biological communities and phenological changes driven by climatic factors, as well as quantifying the ecosystem’s carbon uptake and storage functions essential for achieving carbon neutrality. The analysis of the published research shows that the study topics were concentrated in fields such as insects (35%) and vegetation dynamics/phenology (23%). Keywords like “species,” “change,” and “forest” constituted the central axis of the research. The KLTER program holds significant value in clarifying the organic interactions and complex dynamics of the Korean Peninsula’s ecosystems. Ultimately, the program must advance through a focused commitment to evidence-based ecosystem management, increased investment in integrated research infrastructure, and the development of robust climate change adaptation strategies guided by long-term foresight.
4,200원
2.
2025.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
A Study on the Impact Assessment of the Waterside Ecological Space by the Maintenance of Gumi Stream
This study analyzed the impact of river maintenance on the aquatic ecosystem health of the Gumi Stream. Evaluation of the Habitat and Riparian Index (HRI) showed a decline from grade C before maintenance to grade D after, because of channelization and levee construction that disturbed the floodplain ecosystems and reduced habitat and species diversity. An appropriate range of the channel-to-floodplain (levee-to-levee) width ratio (w) was proposed: 0.20<w<0.30 for reaches with a levee-to-levee width less than 50 m, 0.30<w<0.40 for widths of 50~100 m, and 0.40<w<0.50 for widths greater than 100 m. These ranges can prevent excessive channel expansion while avoiding floodplain overextension that promotes artificial land use, thereby mitigating the degradation of river ecosystem health. Surface cover analysis within the floodplain indicated that impervious surface area increased from 10% to 17% and semi-pervious area from 2.6% to 12.9% following river maintenance, revealing substantial alterations in riparian space. Future research should verify the correlation between the w value and ecosystem health across different river types and establish threshold values applicable to river maintenance design. Furthermore, management strategies that minimize impervious surfaces and secure pervious materials or green riparian spaces can preserve the ecological buffering capacity of rivers, contributing to the maintenance and restoration of aquatic ecosystem health.
4,000원
3.
2025.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
Organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) in PM2.5 influence regional climate change by scattering and absorbing solar radiation. Recent attention has focused on the long-range transport of OC and EC to high-altitude regions due to their potential role in accelerating spring snowmelt. Although subalpine and alpine areas account for only about 1% of South Korea, these high-elevation zones are highly vulnerable to climate change and provide important insights into how ecosystems may respond and adapt in the future. We collected 29 PM2.5 samples near Nogodan Peak (1,440 m a.s.l.) in Jirisan National Park and 10 samples at Seoul National University (91 m a.s.l.) between March 2022 and April 2024 to quantify OC and EC concentrations. The mean concentrations and standard deviations of OC and EC were 2.0±1.4 and 0.2±0.1 μg m-3 in Jirisan, and 3.6±0.9 and 0.3±0.2 μg m-3 in Seoul, respectively. These concentrations are lower than previously reported values across ~20 sites in South Korea, likely due to the national reduction in PM2.5 during the study period. Given these lower concentrations, the effect of EC on snowmelt might have been small in Jirisan. High OC/EC ratios (Jirisan: 22.1; Seoul: 12.5) may reflect biomass burning or the formation of secondary organic aerosols. As biomass burning is projected to increase under future climate scenarios and may alter the source and composition of carbonaceous aerosols, long-term research is essential to better understand their potential impacts on high-altitude ecosystems.
4,200원
4.
2025.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
Citizen science has become an essential tool for ecological monitoring, however concerns remain regarding data reliability, particularly for taxa that require advanced identification skills. The present study evaluates detection accuracy and count reliability in citizen-based waterbird monitoring conducted at the Siheung Gaetgol Wetland, South Korea. The study analyzed a total of 27 citizen surveys and 7 expert-accompanied surveys collected from 2015 to 2019. We quantified (1) species-level detection rates, (2) the effect of citizen group size on species richness, and (3) relative count bias based on mean abundance per survey. The detection analyses revealed pronounced discrepancies for approximately one-third of species, particularly, and other visually challenging or crepuscular taxa, for which expert detection rates exceeded citizen rates by 0.2~0.5. Conversely, common and readily identifiable species exhibited no discernible variations. The number of species detected was found to be independent of the size of the citizen science group, with a range of 4 to 13 participants. This suggests that observer expertise, rather than survey effort, is a primary determinant in determining detection efficiency. The count bias indices further demonstrated a systematic overestimation of flocking species and underestimation of cryptic or small-bodied species. Despite the limitations of the study, which include unequal survey frequency and uncontrolled environmental conditions, the results consistently indicate that observer proficiency exerts a significant influence on both detection and abundance estimates. These findings underscore the necessity for targeted expert involvement, species-specific training, standardized counting roles, and routine data-quality assessments to enhance the reliability of citizen-based bird monitoring program.
4,000원
5.
2025.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
This study examined the feasibility to develop wetland OECMs in wetland inventory sites in South Korea. The study applied the National Institute of Forest Science & National Arboretum (2024) forest OECM evaluation criteria to the wetland inventory sites. Six of the seven criteria were deemed met. Furthermore, given the diverse stakeholders identified in the Criterion 7, efforts are needed to ensure fairness in governance and management. If these issues are addressed, an area of 660.99 km2 within the wetland inventory sites could be developed as wetland OECMs. This would significantly contribute to achieve the GBF target to designate 30% of the national land area as protected areas.
4,000원
6.
2025.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
As urbanization progresses, many plant communities inhabit disturbed areas in urban areas as patches, and these plant communities, which have a high frequency of non-native plants, interact with and adapt to the urban environment. In this study, we investigated stomatal traits (stomatal density, size and index) of native and non-native non-woody plant species living in disturbed areas in urban areas (Jinju city in Korea). By doing so, we tried to understand patterns of variation of stomatal traits within plant community, and also, to find out why non-native plant species can successfully establish in the area. The result of the present study showed that stomatal density and index of non-native plant species were within the range of those of native plants, and the stomatal size was not different from those of native plants. These suggested that the empty space within ecological niche is not essential for the successful establishment of non-native plants. Stomatal density was correlated with the stomatal index. Among leaf functional traits, only leaf dry matter content (LDMC) was negatively correlated with stomatal size. All plants with kidney-shaped guard cells possessed amphistomatous leaves, and plants with dumbbell-shaped guard cells generally had smaller stomatal density than plants with kidney-shaped guard cells.
4,200원
7.
2025.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
This study analyzed the community structure of benthic macroinvertebrates in both the natural habitat and artificial habitat of Sohan Stream, the only known habitat of Prasiola japonica in Korea, and investigated their relationship with the changes of P. japonica. During the survey period, Sohan Stream exhibited an average flow velocity of 1.34 m s-1, a slightly alkaline water quality with a pH of 8.00, and a substrate dominated by cobble, providing a suitable environment for the growth of P. japonica. A total of 29 species were identified in the natural habitat, and 31 species were observed in the artificial habitat, with Ephemeroptera and Trichoptera as the dominant taxa in both habitats. Notably, as the habitat area of P. japonica decreased, the abundance of Ephemeroptera also declined, whereas the abundance of Trichoptera showed an opposite trend by increasing. This suggests that Trichoptera larvae may have a competitive advantage over P. japonica for space, potentially impacting the growth of P. japonica. The findings provide important ecological baseline data for the conservation of natural habitats and the development of strategies for the artificial propagation of P. japonica.
4,000원
8.
2025.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
This study aimed to evaluate the carbon sequestration and storage capacity of a riverine back swamp by directly measuring vegetation and soil carbon storage as well as soil respiration-driven carbon fluxes in the Oksong-ri back swamp located in Kongju, Chungcheongnam-do, and to identify their relationships with soil physico-chemical properties. In the study area (28,063.7 m2), Salix triandra and Paspalum distichum communities were dominant. The estimated vegetation carbon storage was 68.7 Mg C ha-1 for the S. triandra community and 3.6 Mg C ha-1 for the P. distichum community, resulting in a total vegetation carbon storage of 72.3 Mg C ha-1 in the back swamp. Soil carbon storage showed no significant seasonal differences, with values of 20.0±2.4, 12.9±5.1, and 17.2±0.4 Mg C ha-1 in Spring, Summer, and Autumn, respectively, although it tended to be higher in spring and lower in Summer. Soil respiration varied significantly by season (p<0.05), with rates of 0.41±0.2 g CO2 m-2 hr-1 in Spring, 1.11±0.5 g CO2 m-2 hr-1 in Summer, and 0.75±0.5 g CO2 m-2 hr-1 in Autumn, exhibiting a weak positive correlation with soil temperature(15.8~33.6°C; R=0.346). Seasonal variations in soil pH (5.9~6.7), T-P (785.4~1,537.2 mg kg-1), gravimetric water content (GWC; 88.8~149.6%), T-N (1,320~2,810 mg kg-1), and C/N ratio (10.8~18.3) were not significant. Correlation analysis revealed that soil carbon storage was positively correlated with T-N (R=0.876, p<0.005) and pH (R=0.639, p<0.05), whereas carbon flux showed a weak positive correlation with GWC (R=0.342, p<0.05) and negative correlations with T-N, T-P, and pH, suggesting that excessive nutrient accumulation may inhibit microbial activity and respiration. This study provides foundational quantitative data on carbon storage and emissions in Korean riverine back marshes and offers scientific evidence to support the development of carbonneutral strategies based on riverine wetland ecosystems.
4,000원
9.
2025.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
The 1100Goji Wetland and Sumunmurbamgdwie are designated wetland protected areas adjacent to each other within Hallasan, Jeju Island. This study aimed to identify the unique characteristics of these two wetlands by analyzing their geomorphological features and biodiversity. The analysis, which covered geomorphology and eight biological groups-including vegetation, flora, and fauna-revealed distinct geomorphological characteristics and significant differences in flora and entomofauna. Despite their close proximity within Hallasan, the vegetation, flora, fauna, and dominant species varied between the two sites depending on factors such as geomorphological traits and the surrounding habitat environment. Therefore, customized management strategies that consider the specific characteristics of each wetland must be established.
4,900원
10.
2025.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
As the impacts of climate change become increasingly pronounced, the role of ecosystems as sinks for atmospheric greenhouse gases has become increasingly important. In particular, wetlands have gained attention due to their high carbon storage capacity relative to their area. This study aimed to compare soil carbon storage and soil respiration between riverine wetlands and forest wetlands in Korea, and to identify key environmental factors influencing these processes. Seasonal surveys were conducted on the soil physical and chemical properties, carbon storage, and soil respiration in two riverine wetlands in the Geum River basin and one forest wetland in Goheung, Jeollanam-do. The analysis showed that the forest wetland stored 425.08±167.32 kg m-2 of carbon, approximately 26 times more than the 101.09±103.56 kg m-2 stored in riverine wetland soils. The forest wetland exhibited slow hydrological flow and low bulk density, creating conditions favorable for organic matter accumulation. Soil respiration measurements showed values of 0.31±0.28 gCO2 m-2 hr-1 in the riverine wetlands and 0.83±0.58 gCO2 m-2 hr-1 in the forest wetland, with no statistically significant difference between the two. Correlation analysis revealed a significant positive relationship with soil temperature (p<0.05) in both wetland types, indicating that temperature is an important factor regulating soil respiration. Additionally, total phosphorus was identified as a key factor in riverine wetlands, whereas pH was a major influencing factor in the forest wetland.
4,000원
11.
2025.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
This study empirically examines the effectiveness of the Ramsar Wetland City Accreditation System in promoting integrated management of urban-adjacent wetlands, enhancing community participation, and strengthening local capacity. Using survey and monitoring data from Jeju-si, Inje-gun, and Changnyeonggun (accredited in 2018) and Gochang-gun and Seogwipo-si (accredited in 2022), the analysis integrates AHP and statistical verification to evaluate system effectiveness, operational elements, and the relationship between performance and perception. The results indicate that the system positively contributed to establishing a supportive social foundation, including improved information accessibility (72%), strengthened community capacity (71%), enhanced conservation and management interest (83%), and greater public understanding of wetlands (84%), which in turn led to increased program participation and behavioral changes. Trust in local governments and management committees was relatively high, reinforcing regional governance. However, limitations such as inconsistent and discontinuous implementation, declining trust in central government, overreliance on local government initiative, and budget imbalances across project types were identified as constraints to sustainability. To address these issues, this study suggests establishing a scientific performance management system, expanding financial independence based on local resources, strengthening the authority of local management committees, improving evaluation quality, enhancing central-local cooperation, ensuring balanced budget allocation, and advancing information feedback systems, thereby supporting the evolution of Ramsar Wetland Cities as models of sustainable socio-ecological development.
4,000원
12.
2025.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
This study analyzed changes in annual growth and carbon dioxide uptake before and after planting of four major deciduous broadleaf tree species (Prunus serrulata Var. spontanea, Zelkova serrata, Chionanthus retusus, and Quercus acutissima) planted as part of the Geumgang Riverside Ecological Belt Development Project. The study site was selected as an ecologically restored site that had been established for at least 10 years. The diameter at breast height and tree age were measured, and annual growth rates were calculated through tree ring analysis. Based on these data, annual carbon dioxide (CO2) uptake was estimated using the IPCC (2006) formula. The study results showed that all four species experienced a sharp decline in growth immediately after planting, followed by a gradual recovery, though the timeframes varied for each species. Based on the growth analysis results, the average annual CO2 uptake by species was calculated to range from 5.48 to 14.38 kg CO2 y-1, with cherry trees showing the highest values. CO2 uptake before and after planting increased for all four species, with the rate of increase accelerating over time. Furthermore, the time required to recover or exceed the CO2 absorption level before planting varied depending on the tree species, ranging from two years at the shortest to six years at the longest. The zelkova tree took the longest at six years. As such, tree growth is a crucial factor influencing annual CO2 absorption, demonstrating the need to differentiate management periods based on the growth characteristics and recovery rate of each tree species. In particular, trees in urban and riparian ecological restoration areas provide not only direct carbon absorption but also indirect greenhouse gas reduction effects, such as heat island mitigation and energy savings. Therefore, they can serve as important baseline data for establishing future management strategies for urban forests and ecological restoration areas.
4,200원
13.
2025.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
The Black-faced Spoonbill (Platalea minor) is a globally vulnerable species whose breeding population is heavily concentrated along the South Korea, making it highly sensitive to habitat disturbance. South Korea has implemented conservation programs that include egg rescue, artificial rearing, and release, yet post-release movement ecology of captive-bred individuals remains poorly documented. We tracked six released Black-faced spoonbills from Gaksiam, Ganghwa Island (2021~2024) using solar-powered GPS Trackers. Released individuals showed substantial variation in dispersal distance, home-range size, and habitat use. Some released Black-faced spoonbills migrated long distances along the west coast to wintering sites in eastern China, similar to wild conspecifics. Others exhibited contrasting short-term dispersal patterns, either remaining near the release site or moving rapidly toward inland or North Korean wetlands. These results indicate that captive-bred spoonbills can perform natural long-distance migration, but also reveal strong individual variation in early dispersal strategies. Our findings provide essential baseline information for refining release timing, pre-release training, and adaptive management in ongoing restoration programs.
4,000원
14.
2025.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
This study examined the behavioral richness of 12 captive Oriental Storks (Ciconia boyciana) housed in male-only, female-only, and mixed-sex enclosures. From 8,659 behavioral observations, 18 distinct behaviors were identified, demonstrating that storks express a wide range of natural behaviors even under captive conditions. Principal component analysis extracted six meaningful behavioral components, and only energy-regulation behavior showed variation among social-group compositions, while most other behaviors remained similar across groups. These results indicate that behavioral differences related to sex-based housing are relatively minor. The findings provide foundational data for improving husbandry practices, particularly in designing captive environments that support behavioral richness, welfare enhancement, and effective management of breeding and restoration programs for the Oriental Stork.
4,000원
15.
2025.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
This study applied 18S rRNA metabarcoding to 13 fecal samples collected from the Japanese keelback (Hebius vibakari) on Jeju Island to identify its dietary composition and analyze its ecological characteristics. As expected, Next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based Relative Read Abundance (RRA) analysis revealed high dominance of the phylum Chordata (85.0%), largely attributed to host-derived DNA and genetically similar taxa. This pattern underscores a technical limitation of the 18S marker-its low taxonomic resolution for reptiles, which can lead to species-level misidentification. To address this limitation, we performed a complementary Frequencyof- Occurrence (FOO) analysis, which revealed that various invertebrate groups contributed substantially to the diet, including Araneae (spiders, 28.8%), Clitellata (earthworms, 21.2%), and Insecta (15.0%). Notably, the high occurrence of earthworms suggests that H. vibakari on Jeju Island may employ an active foraging strategy, probing moist soil layers rather than feeding exclusively on surface-dwelling insects. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that combining FOO analysis with 18S metabarcoding can overcome key limitations of the molecular approach and provides the first detailed characterization of the wild diet of H. vibakari on Jeju Island. Future studies incorporating host-blocking primers or additional genetic markers with higher taxonomic resolution are needed to further refine dietary inferences.
4,000원
16.
2025.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
A dilution method for reducing chlorophyll a concentration of downstream reservoir through upstream dam discharge was reviewed at Seungchon Weir and Juksan Weir reservoirs in the Yeongsan River. The applied model equations were divided into 1) a case of accepting the inflow of upstream water with non-discharge state, and 2) a case of accepting the water after discharging the same amount of weir water. We found the positive effect of dilution in chlorophyll a reduction, and accepting upstream water after predischarging is more effective. The larger the amount pre-discharged, the greater the dilution effect. Therefore, under conditions that do not affect the downstream environments of the weir, it is appropriate to pre-discharge high chlorophyll a water first and then dilute it. However, the method of reducing chlorophyll a concentration in weir reservoir using clean upstream water is not recommendable except critical cases. The upstream dams of the Yeongsan River basin were constructed for multipurpose including agricultural use, and discharge of dam water can cause the disputes over water rights. Therefore, the dilution method can only be implemented limitedly when weir reservoirs are critically polluted and upstream dam water is sufficient enough not to affect agricultural use in Yeongsan River watersheds.
4,000원
17.
2025.12
구독 인증기관 무료, 개인회원 유료
Homing behavior is a fundamental ecological trait influencing site fidelity and the success of translocation programs for endangered species. This study evaluated the homing ability and effective homing range of the Reeves’ turtle (Mauremys reevesii), a Class II Endangered Wildlife species and a Natural Monument in South Korea. Six adult turtles were captured from reservoirs in Gurye-gun, attached with GPS transmitters, and artificially displaced to terrestrial release sites at distances ranging from 200 to 600 m from their original habitats. Monitoring from May 2023 to July 2024 revealed a distance-dependent homing response: individuals displaced by 200 m and one of two displaced by 300 m successfully returned to their original reservoirs. However, all turtles displaced by distances greater than 300 m (400~600 m) failed to return. These results suggest that while M. reevesii possesses homing instincts, its effective homing range on land is relatively limited compared to other freshwater turtles. This study provides the first empirical evidence of the spatial limits of homing in Korean M. reevesii populations. Technical challenges, such as signal loss due to mud accumulation on solar-powered tags in wetland environments, were also identified as a factor to consider in future telemetry studies. For successful translocation, we recommend selecting release sites within 300 m of core habitats to maximize settlement success.
4,000원
