The Celyphidae, commonly known as beetle flies or beetle-backed flies, are a family of Diptera. The scutellum is enlarged and forming a protective shell over the abdomen, giving them a beetle-like appearance. Species in the family are mostly found in tropical region, especially in South East Asia. Records of North East Asia are rare, in China, some species are found in Southern region. In Japan, few species found in Okinawa region, but only one record of Celyphidae near in mainland area. In this research we firstly record specimen of genus Spaniocelyphus sp., from Korea stored in National Science Museum Korea and Kyongpook National University with comparison of specimen from Tsushima island, Nagasaki prefecture stored in Osaka Natural History Museum.
The leafhopper family Cicadellidae (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha) is plant feeders, with mouthparts adapted for sucking. Almost of the them cause injuries of destruction to plants, including fruit trees and grain crops, and can be vectors of plant diseases. Therefor, Cicadellidae is one of the most important pests in the world. However, their identifications are very difficult because of small size and morphological similarities, and their exact biological information such as host plants, life cycle and distribution are not clear for most species. So, we provide and integrated biological database that present accurate diagnostic methods and ecological infromation.
고위험해충에 대한 국내 유입/발생 여부를 상시 조사하고, 조기 대응하는 전국 민·관·학 예찰협력 네트워크 구성을 위하여, 고위험해충 11종(Bactrocera dorsalis, Solenopsis invicta, Cydia pomonella, Drosophila suzukii, Bactrocera depressa, Lobesia botrana, Proeulia sp., Aceria diospyri, Stephaitis takeyai, Bactrocera minax, Bactrocera tsuneonis)에 대하여 7개 대학(경상대학교, 군산대학교, 서울대학교, 순천대학교, 안동대학교, 제주대학교, 충북대학교)이 참여한 전국 권역별 예찰조사를 2018년 6월부터 10월까지 실시하였다. 조사결과, B. dorsalis, S. invicta, C. pomonella은 발견되지 않았으며, D. suzukii (3,584개체), B. depressa (21개체) 채집되었다. 포도, 단감, 감귤의 유입우려해충(L. botrana, P. sp., A. diospyri, S. takeyai, B. minax, B. tsuneonis)은 발견되지 않았다. 본 조사연구를 통하여, 고위험해충을 조기 탐색할 수 있는 7개 대학을 통한 전국단위의 감시체계를 구축하였고, 수출단지 상대국우려병해충 및 수출품목에 대한 정밀 예찰과 관리를 통한 수출지원, 국경 이후 병해충 예찰․관리를 위한 거점 확보의 성과를 이루었다.
The genus Eriosoma Leach, 1818 belonging to the subfamily Eriosomatinae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) includes 46 species in the world. The genus is mostly distributed in the Holarctic and Oriental regions. Most of the species in the genus form leaf-roll galls on Ulmus species. Until now, there are few studies about the genus on the morphological taxonomy in Korea. Up to date, seven species of the genus have been recorded from Korea. In the present study, a total of nine species of the genus is revised. Among them, two species, Eriosoma alabastrum Pashtshenko, 1988 and Eriosoma ulmi ulmi (Linnaeus, 1758), were discovered for the first time in Korea. We provide a key to the Korean species and full redescriptions in detail.
In Korea, two species, Anoplophora chinensis and Anoplophora glabripennis, have been recorded until now. Recently, outbreaks of Anoplophora spp. were reported locally in Seoul, Ulsan, Incheon, Gimhae, and Jeonju from 2015 to 2017. In this study, Anoplophora spp. were collected in the four regions, Ulsan, Incheon, Gimhae, and Jeonju, and their morphological and molecular characteristics were compared with those of Anoplophora spp. collected from several local regions. Twelve COI sequences of the Incheon/Gimhae/Ulsan/Jeonju populations in A. glabripennis were identical to KY357648, KY357652, and KY357651, and two COI sequences of Ulsan populations in A. chinensis were identical to AB439163. These sequences were generated from Chinese and Japanese Anoplophora samples by foreign researchers, suggesting the possibility of the invasion of Chinese and Japanese populations of Anoplophora spp. into Korea.
두꺼비딱정벌레(Coreocarabus fraterculus)를 포함한 딱정벌레아족은 뒷날개가 퇴화되어 비행능력을 상실하였으며, 따라서 이동 및 분산은 보행에 의존한다. 때문에 이들의 분화에는 지리적 조건이 큰 영향을 미치며, 이에 따른 종 또는 아종분화가 빈번하다. 본 종의 경우, 한국에는 8아종이 알려져 있으며, 이 중 남한에는 중두꺼비딱정벌레 (Coreocarabus fraterculus affinis)와 남두꺼비딱정벌레(Coreocarabus fraterculus assimilis), 영식두꺼비딱정벌레 (Coreocarabus fraterculus jirisanensis), 덕유두꺼비딱정벌레(Coreocarabus fraterculus togyusanus) 4아종이 서식한다. 그러나 이들의 분포에 대해서는 모식산지 또는 원기재 당시 알려진 지역을 제외하고는 극히 제한적이다. 따라서 이번 연구에서는 두꺼비딱정벌레(Coreocarabus fraterculus)의 각 아종별 분포기록을 재검토 하였으며, 기존에 알려진 분포지 외 16곳에서 두꺼비딱정벌레(Coreocarabus fraterculus)를 확인하였다.
The Nitidulidae includes 10 subfamilies and over 350 genera and 4500 species and is the largest family in Cucujoidea. We place the enigmatic subfamily Calonecrinae into the internal relationship of Nitidulidae, a comprehensive molecular phylogenetic analysis was performed using five gene regions (COI, 28s, CAD, H3, Wingless) for 80 taxa. We included 73 ingroup taxa representing nine of the ten currently recognized subfamilies of Nitidulidae and 7 outgroups. The phylogenetic results are consistent with prior molecular studies, that include a polyphyletic Nitidulinae with the inclusion of Meligethinae and Cillaeinae and that the Calonecrinae is sister taxon to Epuraeinae. Ancestral state reconstruction of feeding behavior indicates that stem group nitiduilds were most probably sap-feeding with transitions to other feeding types independently derived multiple times.
The Genus Eugahania Mercet belongs to the family Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea), containing 8 species in the world. They are mostly parasitoids on the nymphs of leafhoppers (Hemiptera). Until now, Eugahania have been barely studied in the world. In this study, the genus Eugahanua is reported for the first time from Korea including two new records. A key to the species, and diagnoses and photographs for each species are provided.
A taxonomic review of Atheta Thomson subgenus Atheta Thomson in the Korean Peninsula is presented. The subgenus is represented in Korea by eight species including two new species: A. (A.) prolixa Lee & Ahn, sp. nov. and A. (A.) vegrandis Lee & Ahn, sp. nov. Atheta (A.) sauteri Bernhauer is reported for the first time in South Korea. A key, habitus photographs and illustrations of the diagnostic characters are provided.
A taxonomic study of Korean Notothecta Thomson is presented. Two species are recognized [N. effecta (Sawada) and N. watanabei (Sawada)] and a new synonym, Atheta (Atheta) taesongsanensis Paśnik = N. watanabei (Sawada), is proposed. Notothecta effecta is reported for the first time in the Korean peninsula. A key and illustrations of diagnostic characters are provided.
A genus Cryptaulus Ôhira (Coleoptera: Elateridae) includes 15 species in Palearctic region and two of them, C. berus (Candèze) and C. larvatus pini (Lewis), have been recorded from South Korea. Recently, a rare species of genus, C. yamato (Nakane) which is regarded as endemic to Japan, was newly discovered from Gwangneung forest, South Korea with a DNA barcode sequence (In press). As results of the present study, a complete mitochondrial DNA genome of Cryptalaus yamato (Nakane), is reported for the first time. The genome consists of 15,882 base pairs including 13 protein coding genes (PCGs), 20 tRNAs, two rRNAs and a 1,279 bp long AT-rich region. The overall base composition is 69.4% AT and 30.6% GC. The maximum likelihood analysis based on nucleotide sequence data of 13 PCGs supported that C. yamato is involved in monophyletic group of Elateridae.
Three species, Luciola unmunsana and L. papariensis, endemic to Korea and L. tsushimana, endemic to Japan, have been taxonomically controversial whether they are independent or a single species for a long time. Therefore, we examined genetic diversity and evolutionary history of these species as well as including the related congeners using COI gene sequences (DNA barcoding region). Interestingly, we found seven paraphyletic groups from three species: two paraphyletic groups from L. papariensis, three paraphyletic groups from L. unmunsana and two paraphyletic groups from L. tsushimana. Among them, the group III of L. unmunsana collected from Jeolla-do province has never been recognized in the previous studies. A molecular clock analysis indicated that the origin of the major lineages of L. unmunsana, L. papariensis and L. tsushimana occurred between ~5.62 to 3.16 Ma. The origin of the major lineages of the group II and III of L. unmunsana, the group II of L. papariensis and the three groups of L. tsushimana occurred in 3.49 Ma (4.45–2.51 Ma, 95% HPD), which is consistent with the final disconnection of Japan from Korean Peninsula. The subsequent divergences of these paraphyletic groups clearly showed they have undergone allopatric speciation associated with geologic events in Korea and the sea level changes between Korea and Japan.
The genus Adrapsa Walker, 1859 belongs to Herminiinae of Erebidae in Lepidoptera. In Korea, only one species, Adrapsa simplex (Butler, 1879) has been recorded so far. Here we add another species, Adrapsa simplex (Butler, 1879) as a new record to the Korean fauna. A short description for the species is given with adult images of male and female and their genitalia, and its COI barcode sequence is also provided.
Pseudisobrachium is one of the biggest genera with 190 species from the world including one extinct species from France. In Korea, only one species, P. koreana Lim, has been recorded. The ecological information of Pseudisobrachium is poorly studied, however, it was recorded that Pseudisobrachium species are found associated with various ants in several previous studies. As results of taxonomy studies on the Korean bethylids, a new species of Pseudisobrachium is discovered based on one female specimen which was collected from Cheongsong county (Gyeongbuk province) by Malaise trap in 2008. This is the first record of female of the genus in Korea. A taxonomic discussion on the genus Pseudisobrachium, diagnosis and diagnostic characteristics of the new species are provided.
The beet armywom, Spodoptera exigua Hübner, originated from Southeast Asia is one of important agricultural pests worldwide. The moth having no diapause mechanism has highly migratory capacity which contributes to population outbreaks and geographic expansion. Although the moth was first reported in 1926 from Korea, it has been important since the late 1980s. In July 2018, the species outbreaked in Gimje, Jeonbuk Province causing serious damage to soybean in several paddy fields. In this study, we investigate the genetic diversity of the outbreaking populations using a partial sequence of mitochondrial DNA COI gene. 37 COI sequences obtained from specimens collected at the fields of Gimje, Korea were compared with 249 COI sequences from GenBank. In total, 25 haplotypes were detected from 18 countries. Three haplotypes (H1, H2, and H5) found in Korea were all shared with those in China. Haplotypes H1 and H2 were prominent in Korea as well as in invasive regions worldwide. This suggest that outbreaking populations in Korea were invaded from China. The migration source was estimated using backward trajectory analysis, and found to be Zhejiang Province, China.
Cinara (Cinara) cedri cedri Mimeur, 1936 is extensively distributed in Europe (France, Italy, Spain, and UK), North Africa (Morocco and Algeria), North America (California and New York), South America (Argentina), Middle East (Cyprus, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Lebanon, Syria, and Turkey), and Asia (China). Recently, this species was also invaded into China. In 2018, C. (Cinara) cedri cedri was firstly discovered on one plant, Cedrus deodara, in Korea. In this study, we provide full redescription in detail.
Triceratopyga, is a common and synanthropic genus of medical and forensic significance in eastern Asia which have includes only one species, Triceratopyga calliphoroides. In this study we are reporting the complete mitogenome of the only member of the genus Triceratopyga. The structure of the compete mitogenome is similar with the common ancester fly mitogenome. The size of the mitogenome is 16,529 bp. This is the longest mitogenome recorded from the family Calliphoridae. Although the size of mitogenome is longer than previous records, structure and gene positions are identical with ancestral insect genome.
Calliphora is a genus from the family Calliphoridae, which includes blow flies and bottle flies. Calliphora flies are one of the most entomologically important fly species because of their relative time of arrival and colonization to animal carcasses. Until now there are only three complete mitochondrial genome recorded from the genus. In this study we added a new complete mitochondrial genome record from the species Calliphora lata. Although genome structures and gene orientations of the four Calliphora flies mitochondrial genome are identical. The size and nucleotide composition of the genomes are slightly different.
Nilaparvata lugens, brown planthoppers, is one of important pests on rice. Korean N. lugens is migrated from China and causing severe damages on rice in early September in Korea. For identifying biotypes of these N. lugens based on complete mitochondrial genomes, we completed mitochondrial genome of N. lugens captured in Hadong-gun, Gyoungsang-nam province in Korea. The circular mitogenome of N. lugens is 17,610 bp including 13 protein-coding genes, two ribosomal RNA genes, 22 transfer RNAs, and a single large non-coding region of 2,424 bp. The base composition was AT-biased (89.5%). 112 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 59 insertions and deletions are identified by comparing with Chinese N. lugens. Based on phylogenetic trees together with those of N. lugens captured in China, no clear phylogenetic relationship along with five biotypes, requiring more researches to achieve biotype identification including detailed analysis of sequence variations on mitochondrial genomes and whole genome analysis of N. lugens in near future.
알락수염노린재(Dolycoris baccarum L.)는 구북구(Palearctic region)에 널리 분포하는 다식성 곤충으로서 국내에서는 콩, 단감, 유자 등 다양한 작물의 해충이다. 이 종은 다른 노린재과(Pentatomidae) 곤충과 마찬가지로 수컷이 집합페로몬 을 방출하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 우리는 수컷의 집합페로몬 성분을 동정하기 위하여, 고상미량추출(SPME) 방법을 이용하여 수컷과 암컷 성충에서 방출되는 휘발성 물질을 포집하여 화학구조를 분석하였다. 그 결과, 수컷 특이적인 휘발물질로서 α-bisabolol, α-bergamotene, β-bisabolene을 동정하였고, 3가지 성분이 100:15:5 비율로 존재함을 밝혔다. 야외에서 알락수염노린재 수컷과 암컷 성충 모두가 주성분인 α-bisabolol을 처리한 트랩에 유인되었다. 나머지 2가지 성분(α-bergamotene과 β-bisabolene)의 경우, 그 자체로는 유인 효과가 없었으나 주성분인 α-bisabolol에 추가되면 보강효과가 발휘되었다. 곤충에서 α-bisabolol이 동정된 것은 이것이 처음이며, 이번에 밝혀진 알락수염노린재 집합페 로몬은 이 해충의 발생예찰과 친환경 방제에 유용할 것이다.