This study was conducted to examine the effects of exogenous gonadotropins (PMSG+hCG) and an antioxidant (cysteine) on in vitro maturation of bovine follicular oocytes. Cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) aspirated from 2 to 5 mm ovarian follicles were cultured for 22 to 24 hours in a modified bovine embryo culture medium (mBECM) supplemented with 3 mg/mL bovine serum albumin, to which PMSG (10 IU/mL) + hCG (10 IU/mL) and/or cysteine (0.6 mM) were added. When examined the expansion of cumulus ce1ls at the end of maturation culture, greater (p<0.05) expansion was found after addition of PMSG+hCG (79 to 96%) to mBECM than after no addition (0%), regardless of the presence or absence of cysteine in the medium. The addition of cysteine did not stimulate cumulus expansion, but a high proportion (92%) of expansion was achieved when COCs were cultured after the addition of PMSG+hCG and cysteine to the medium. No difference in the proportion of oocytes underwent germinal vesicle breakdown (initiation of maturation) was found after the addition of PMSG+hCG and/or cysteine to mBECM. However, nuclear maturation (development to the metaphase-II stage) of oocytes was significantly stimulated by the combined addition of PMSG+hCG and cysteine, compared with no addition. In conclusion, both exogenous gonadotropins and an antioxidant are important for nuclear maturation of bovine immature oocytes and these factors have a cell-specific stimulatory action.

서해대교는 국내에 교량구조물에 관한 내진설계가 도입되기 전 설계된 교량으로서 현재 내진설계 규준에 적합하지 않은 종방향철근 및 횡방향 철근이 겹침이음된 중공육각형 단면의 철근콘크리트 기둥으로 이미 시공이 완료된 상태이다. 최근, 지진에 대한 사회적 관심이 대두됨으로서 내진 설계 규준에 적합하지 않은 철근상세를 가지 서해대교 PSM교 교각의 내진성능이 의문시되었다. 따라서, 비내진 철근상세를 가진 서해대교 PSM교 교각의내진성능 평가를 위하여 교각의 축소모형 실험을 수행하였으며, 실험결과 종방향철근 겹침이음이 교각의 전체적인 내진거동에는 큰 영향을 미치지 않으며 기대 이상의 연성을 발휘할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 논문에서는 축소모형 실험결과에 의한 시험체의 파괴양상, 유효강성, 연성, 응답수 정계수 및 등가점성감쇠비를 분석하였으며, 아울러 가속도변위 응답스펙트럼을 이용하여 서해대교 PSM교 교각의 내진성능을 평가하였다.

Si(111) 표면을 NH3분위기에서 실리콘질화물(SiNx)로 변형시킨 후 탄화규소(silicon carbide, SiC) 박막을 성장하였다. 질화시간이 증가함에 따라 SiC 박막 두께가 감소함을 관찰하였다. 또한 성장변수에 따라 SiC/Si 계면에서 결정결함인 틈새를 없앨 수 있었다. 100nm, 300nm, 500nm의 SiNx/Si 기판 위에 SiC 박막을 성장시켰다. 성장된 SiC 박막들은 모두 [111]면을 따라 성장되었고, SiC 결정들이 원주형 낟알로 성장되었다. SiC/SiNx 계면에서 void를 관찰할 수 없었다. 이러한 실험 결과는 SOI 구조의 산화규소를 SiNx로 대체함으로써 SiC 소자 제작에 응용될 수 있는 방향을 제시하고 있다.

This experiment was undertaken to investigate the effect of administration of Agyoju or Mokhyang on the maintenance of pregnancy, delivery and sex ratio in the mice in different gestation periods. Adult female mice were administered orally at three different periods, from ovulation to implantation (Exp.1), from post-implantation to organogenesis (Exp.2), and from fetal growth to parturition (Exp.3). In Experiment 1, number of fetus implanted and mean body weight were not significantly different. However, the delivery of male offspring was significantly increased in Agyoju and Mokhyang administrated groups than control group. In Experiment 2, the number of fetuses implanted, live offsprins and their body weight at delivery were significantly increased in the Agyoju administered group than Mokhyang and control groups. In Experiment 3, the number of live offspring and sex ratio were not different in both treatments and control group. However, mean body weight at delivery was significantly increased in both treatment groups than that of control group. These results suggest that 1) Agyoju and Mokhyang have beneficial effects in maintenance of pregnacy, and that 2) The action of unknown component(s) in Agyoju may be related to selection of male spermatozoa for fertilization in vivo, and that 3) the administration of Agyju of Mojhyang during mid-and late-pregnance periods were shown the increment of body weight of live offspring without decrease of litter size.

We have developed a Monte Carlo code, which solves the problem of radiative transfer in anisotropically scattering atmosphere. The radiative code is flexible in handlings of the system geometry, the distribution of scattering particles, and the source-particle geometry. This code treats the case of highly forward throwing scattering. As performance tests, we have compared the result of Monte Carlo calculations with that of Quasi-Diffusion method for a spherically symmetric cloud model.

This study was designed to examine the effect of Ω-3 fatty acid, linlenic acid, EPA, DHA on serum lipid and cytokines of male rats(Sprague-Dawley). Animals of 3 groups were administrated perilla oil, salmoon oil, and tuna oil of 0.4 ml/day for 8 weeks respectively. These oils were used for a source of linolenic acid, EPA and DHA. Ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid decreases significantly body weight, serum PGE2 content and serum cytokines content of the rat, and increases internal organs weight, specially liver weight and serum HDL-cholesterol level of the rat. In the results, authors propose to use perilla oil for source of effective Ω-3 poly-unsaturated fatty acid(linolenic acid) to Prevent cardiovascular and immune diseases.

Rf 마그네트론 반응성 스퍼터링법으로 RuO2박막을 Si 및 Ru/Si 기판 위에 증착한 뒤 산소 분위기 (1atm)에서 열처리를 하여 RuO2박막의 열적 안정성 및 확산방지 특성을 연구하였다. RuO2박막은 산소 분위기 700˚C에서 10분까지 안정하여, 산소와 실리콘에 대한 우수한 확산방지 특성을 나타내었다 750˚C 열처리시, 우선 성장 방위에 관계없이 RuO2박막 표면 및 내부에서 휘발 반응이 일어남과 동시에 확산방지 특성은 저하되었다. 그러나 800˚C 열처리 시에는 750˚C 열처리와는 다른 미세구조를 나타내었다. 이러한 열처리 온도에 따른 휘발반응에는 RuO2의 표면 결함구조인 RuO3와 증착시 박막내 함유된 과잉산소에 의한 결함 구조가 영향을 주는 것으로 판단된다.

Anti-phospholipid antihodies (aPL) have important roles in various pregnancy complications such as recurrent miscarrige, growth retardation, placental abruption and stillbirth. However, their biological actions on preimplantation development of oocytes are still unclear. In this study, we investigated whether either aPL containing sera or phospholipids could affect in vitro fertilization and development of mouse oocytes. Sera used in this study were collected from three patients and the presence of aPL in the sera was confirmed by enzymatic-linked immunosorbent assay. When mouse oocytes were cultured in a serum-free, Chatot, Ziomek and Bavister (CZB) medium (Experiment 1), addition of aPL-containing sera (10%) to CZB medium did not. significantly (P>0.05) influence sperm penetration of oocytes. However, development to the blastocyst stage was significantly (P<0.05) inhibited by serum addition, and formation of morulae (16-23% vs. 58%) and blastocysts (0-4% vs. 21%) was markedly reduced compared with no addition (Experiment 2). In Experiment 3, pronuclear stage embryos were cultured for 96 h in GZB medium supplemented with 1 g /ml phosphatidyl ethanolamine, 1 g/ml phosphatidyl inositol or 1 g /ml phosphatidyl choline. No increase in embryo development was found after addition of the phospholipids to CZB medium. These results suggest that 1) aPL have an inhibitory role in preimplantation development of mouse embryos, and that 2) the action of aPL may be related to a specific phospholid (s) rather than the tested phospholipids in the present study.

(100) Si 기판위에 전자 빔 증착법을 이용하여 90Å두께의 Ti과 120Å두께의 Co를 순차적으로 증착시켰다. 그 후 질소분위기하의 350-900˚C온도구간에서 급속열처리함으로써 (100) Si 기판위의 Co/Ti 이중 박막의 실리사이드화 반응이 일어나게 했으며 이를 XRD, AES, TEM을 이용하여 분석하였다. 500˚C이하의 온도에서는 Co원자들이 Ti층쪽으로 빠르게 확산하여 Si와 반응하기 이전에 Ti원자들과 상호 혼합되어 어떠한 실리사이드도 형성되지 않았다. 500˚C에서 열처리된 시편의 고분해능전자현미경 영상을 통해 Co-Ti 혼합층과 실리콘 기판과의 계면에서 (100)Si 기판과 정합관계를 가지는 CoSi2가 형성되었음을 확인했다. 600˚C열처리에 의해 Co-Ti-Sitka성분 실리사이드가 형성되기 시작하였으며, 형성된 삼성분 실리사이드는 Ti의 out-diffusion에 의해 900˚C 이상의 온도에서는 불안정하였다. Co/Ti이중 박막에 의해 형성된 CoSi2는 실리콘 기판과 평탄한 계면을 가지며 실리콘 기판에 대해 (100)우선성장방위를 가졌다.