To evaluate the displacement dependency of metallic damper which has straight type steel strut, cyclic tests are conducted with the target displacement variables on constant velocity. Form this, width to height ratio of strut is 0.079. From the strength and energy dissipation capacity comparison, cyclic test results are short of the static test results. Therefore more detailed design which are considering target structure period and dynamic characteristics is needed.

To evaluate the aramid sheet and metallic damper strengthening effect of non-seismic detailed RC frame FE program, which is ABAQUS, analysis is used. Used material model of concrete, steel, rebar and aramid are concrete damaged plasticity model, steel plasticity model, perfectly plasticity model and linear fracture model, respectively. From step by step lateral load increment, the stress and crack distribution of frame and elements can be properly simulate by FE analysis.

Domestic expressway are exposed to damage of combined deterioration by excessive use of deicer and a lot of cost is required for maintaining damage structures. Therefore now is the time that durability of subsidiary concrete structures is required to enhanced in order to reduce maintenance cost of structures and to promote road safety. In this study measured scaling resistance of concrete using the 4% CaCl2 used in the ASTM C 672 and 3% NaCl used in the MTO LS-412.

This study was conducted to investigate feeding management and milk production in domestic organic dairy farms and find out ways to overcome difficulties in organic dairy farms. The number of domestic organic dairy farms was 35, which representing 0.57% among 6,068 of total dairy farms in 2011. Eleven farms among 35 organic dairy farms were surveyed. Average total raising head was 142, composed of 69 milk cow, 13 dry cow and 60 heifer and calf. The ratio of cow replacement was 42.4% in surveyed organic dairy farms. Among surveyed farms, 14.3% showed under 20kg of milk production, 57.1% represented 25~30kg of milk and 28.5% produced more than 30kg of milk. Average milk fat percentage in surveyed organic farms was 3.3%, which was lower than 4.04% milk fat percentage of whole country (2010). Based on bacterial counts (5,775 CFU/ml) and somatic cell counts (192,500 number/ml), milk quality appeared excellent in surveyed farms. 90% of surveyed farms agreed that organic milk production increased income. Among reasons for switching to organic dairy farm, environment-friendly farm management was the highest reason (54.5%). However, 45.5% of surveyed farms suffered difficulty in supply of organic feed. Therefore, stable supply of organic feed will be necessary to expand organic dairy farm in the future.

본 연구는 레시틴으로 나노입자화 시킨 티아민 디라우릴 설페이트의 향장활성 증진에 관한 것이다. TDS를 포집시킨 나노입자는 150 ~ 200 nm의 크기를 나타내는 구형이며, 또한 제타포텐셜을 측정하여 여러 pH범위에서 안정한 것을 확인하였다. TDS 나노입자는 인간 섬유아세포(CCD-986sk)에 높은 농도를 처리하여도85%의 세포생존률을 보였다. 자유라디칼소거활성 실험을 진행한 결과 나노입자화하지 않은 TDS 희석액(1.0mg/mL)은 81.6%의 활성을 나타내었고, 나노입자화한 TDS 용액은 이보다 더 높은 88.1%의 높은 라디칼 소거활성을 보였다. TDS 나노입자는 자외선을 조사시킨 CCD-986sk에서 MMP-1의 발현을 41.4% 감소시켰다.TDS 용액과 TDS 나노입자를 가지고 salmonella typhimurium, listeria monocytogenes에 대하여 항균활성을 측정하였다. TDS 나노입자의 경우 양성대조군의 항균활성과 비슷한 결과를 나타내었다. 이러한 결과들로TDS 나노입자가 항산화, 미백, 주름개선 효능같은 향장 소재로서의 적용이 가능할 것이라 생각된다.

In general, stepwise hot steaming process is known to be effective in improving its biological activities; however, not much employed in processing Codonopsis lanceolata due to its hardness. The complex processed C. lanceolata showed highest free radical scavenging acitivity as 45.21%. Total phenol and flavonoid content were of complex processed C. lanceolata higher than conventional extract and alone steaming process. It was showed the lower melanogenesis rate on melanin production test by B16F10 cells as 27.46%. High inhibitory of tyrosinase was also measured as 28.61% by adding steamed Codonopsis lanceolata extracts by high pressure extraction of 1.0 mg/ml. And anti-wrinkle activity were 39.08%. In comparing phenolic acids profiles in the extract, in general higher amounts of polyphenol were obtained possibly by easy release of active components during thermal processing, which results in better antioxidant activities than that of general extract. This findings can also be supported by result that the extract by steaming process showed better activities than the general extraction extract.

A 41-year-old woman arrived at our emergency department with semicomatous mentality due to aborted cardiac arrest from ventricular fibrillation, which occurred during resting state. Prolonged QT interval in condition of hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia was observed on initial electrocardiography. However, even after normalization of serum potassium, magnesium and mentality, QT prolongation was sustained. In addition, genetic analysis showed KCNH2 mutation which was consistent with type 2 congenital long QT syndrome (LQTS). In this case, the patient was treated with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator and genotype specific medical therapy with potassium channel opener.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the changes in the physicochemical and microbiological characteristics of pork loin meat through microwave treatment. The microwave treatment was divided into two groups: continuing microwave treatment (CW) and holding microwave treatment (HW). The microwave treatment resulted in a whiter color (L value) and affected the a, b value. The initial pH was 5.51~5.74, but it increased to 6.32~6.51 when the pork loin samples were stored for three days. During storage for 14 days, the pH changes were not significantly different (p>0.05). The thiobarbituric-acid values of all the pork loin samples increased along with the storage period, and decreased with increasing microwave dose. The volatile basic nitrogen (VBN) content of the control was higher than those of the other samples, and the VBN content decreased along with the microwave dose. The total plate counts of the pork loin samples decreased with increasing microwave dose. The study results indicated that T2 (100 W, HW) is most effective for the safety of pork loin meat without decreasing the meat’s physicochemical and microbiological characteristics.

This study was performed to investigate the enhancement of immunomodulatory activities of Lithospermum erythrorhizon by extreme process. The extracts are WE100 (water extract for 24 hours at 100℃), WE80 (water extract for 24 hours at 80℃), EE (70% ethyl alcohol extract for 24 hours at 80℃) and EPE (extreme process for 30 minutes at 25℃, 500 MPa after 70% ethyl alcohol extracts for 3 hours at 40, 50, 60℃). Extraction yield was increased up to 5~10% by extreme process, compare to the normal extraction such as water solvent extraction, 70% ethyl alcohol solvent extraction. The cytotoxicity of the extracts was showed in the range of 12.68~15.89% at 1.0mg/ml for human lung cell (HEL299). The EPE40 was showed the lowest cytotoxicity 12.68%. The EPE60 extracted by extreme process increased the growth of human B and T cells up to 12.12×104 cells/ml and 14.88×104 cells/ml, respectively and the EPE60 greatly increased the cytokine secretion of both IL-6 and TNF-α. The extracts by extreme process also exhibited higher levels of nitric oxide production from macrophages than the lipopolysaccaharides. It can be concluded that Lithospermum erythrorhizon has immune activities and The extreme process could increase higher immune activities possibly by immunomodulatory compounds.

To evaluate the displacement dependence capacity of steel plate metallic damper, which has I shape strut, performance test is conducted with the target displacement variables on constant velocity. From test results, larger target displacement(50mm) shows lower cyclic numbers and cumulated energy dissipated area than lower target displacement(25mm). Also it shows higher strength and early failure than short target displacement

Seismic capacities of the cable members of Incheon Bridge have been evaluated for the three different levels of earthquake motions, which are 1000-year-return-period(design basis level)), 2400-year-return-perioda and hypothetical maximum earthquake level(A=0.66), respectively. Both response spectrum method and time-history method were adopted for the analyses. The results showed that the cable members of Incheon Bridge has safe seismic capacity even under the maximum hypothetical earthquake which is more than three times higher magnitude of the design basis earthquake

To evaluate the confinement effect of aramid sheet in RC column end, structural tests are performed. Test variables are aramid sheet warping length as 300mm, 600mm. From test results, aramid sheet warped 600mm specimen shows good performance in strength capacity and ductile behavior

To define the shear reinforcing effect of steel fiber in high strength concrete, 4 column specimens designed with a volume fraction of steel fiber such as 0.0%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%. The column specimens were tested lateral cyclic load under constant axial load. From test results, steel fiber can reduced brittle shear failure, and can increased strength and ductility capacity in RC columns.

Nonlinear crack analysis was carried out to estimate crack behavior for caisson structures in various conditions such as wave load, salt attack and temperature change etc. Some kinds of modeling techniques were used to estimate exact solution with MIDAS FEA considering creep and drying shrinkage.

Domestic expressway are exposed to damage of combined deterioration by excessive use of deicer and a lot of cost is required for maintaining damage structures. Therefore, now is the time that durability of subsidiary concrete structures is required to enhanced in order to reduce maintenance cost of structures and to promote road safety. Thus, in this study measured compression strength and scaling resistance of concrete using the waste glass sludge