농업현장에서는 각종 작물을 재배할 때, 작물 성장을 빠르고 효과적으로 하기 위하여 일정한 크기로 성장한 묘를 밭으로 옮겨 심게 되는데, 이러한 묘 정식작업을 수행할 때 채소 정식기가 사용된다. 본 채소 정식기는 인력에 의존하고 있는 채소 정식작업의 기계화를 촉진하기 위하여 2조식의 전자동 육묘 트레이 공급 및 취출된 묘를 식부호퍼에 이송할 수 있도록 개발하였다. 또한 두 가지 취출방식에 따른 묘 결주율을 비교하여 판단하였다. 핑거타입 묘 취출 시험결과 256주 묘에서 묘를 뽑아내지 못하는 경 우가 17주, 상토가 부서지는 경우가 15주 등 결주율이 13.7%로 나타났으며, 포크타입 묘 취출 시험결과 200주 묘에서 묘는 100% 뽑아내지만 이송 중 낙하되는 경우가 6개 등 결주율이 4%로 나타났다. 따라 서 전자동 2조식 정식의 묘 취출장치로서 포크타입이 적당한 것으로 판단되었다.

본 연구는 현재 국내에서 이용되고 있는 차량소독시스템을 개선하기 위해 차량소독용 침수조 및 터널 에 대한 설계기준을 마련하고자 실시되었다. 이를 위해 본 연구팀이 고안한 차량소독용 침수조 및 터널 시제품에 대한 평가를 실시했으며, 침수조에 대한 평가항목은 침수조에 의한 차량 바퀴 오염물 제거 효 과, 침수조 턱 높이의 적정성, immersion heater의 사용가능 여부였으며, 터널에 대한 평가항목은 터 널의 방풍효과, 열풍기의 사용가능 여부였다. 실험 결과, 침수조에 의한 차량 바퀴의 오염물 제거 효과 와 터널에 의한 방풍효과는 매우 우수하게 나타났다. 그러나 침수조 내 immersion heater에 의한 소독 약액의 가온이 충분히 이루어지지 않았으며, 여러 가지 안전사고의 위험이 있었기 때문에 immersion heater 대신 보일러를 이용하는 것이 바람직 할 것으로 판단된다. 또한 터널 내 열풍기에 의한 기온 및 차량 표면온도의 상승효과가 거의 없는 것으로 나타났기 때문에 열풍기는 이용하지 않는 것이 바람직할 것으로 판단된다. 더불어 소형 승용차가 침수조를 원활히 통행하기 위해서는 침수조 턱의 높이를 50mm 정도로 낮추어 설계하는 것이 바람직할 것으로 판단된다.

In this study, we investigated and compared some chemical properties of Korean natural honeys and sugar-fed honeys for their quality characteristics. The natural honey samples were monofloral from chestnut and acacia flowers, and the sugar-fed honey samples were collected from honeybees feeding on sugar cane and sugar beet. The chemical properties of the honey samples, such as moisture, total protein, total lipids, ash, carbohydrate, minerals, vitamins, and free amino acids were determined. The moisture content was 18.5±0.9% in natural acacia honey, 17.2±0.9% in natural chestnut honey, 19.6±0.9% in sugar cane-fed honey, and 24.8±% in sugar beet-fed honey. The total protein and ash contents were the highest in natural chestnut honey. Maltose and sucrose were not detected in natural honeys but were detected at 2~7% in sugar-fed honeys. The vitamin, mineral, and free amino acids contents of natural honeys were higher than sugar-fed honeys. The natural chestnut honey is the highest in honeys. These results confirmed that the quality of natural honey was better than that of sugar-fed honey. Also, the vitamin, mineral, and free amino acids contents are potential characteristics for distinguishing between natural and sugar-fed honeys.

This study was performed to provide fundamental data on the convenience foods purchase according to the food-related lifestyle. The subject was 250 Chinese students in South Korea region through a self-administered questionnaire. A factor analysis extracted five comprising food-related lifestyle, which we named health seeking (factor 1), taste seeking (factor 2), easy seeking (factor 3), popularity seeking (factor 4) and safety seeking (factor 5). According to the results of the reliability analysis, the food-related lifestyle showed an average of 3.16 and 0.813 for Cronbach's alpha coefficient. There were significant differences for the selection of convenience foods according to health seeking (p<0.05). Also, the popularity seeking and easy seeking lifestyle factors showed significant differences for the reason the purchase criteria of convenience food (p<0.05). There was not significant differences in convenience foods of selection criteria according to health seeking, taste seeking, easy seeking, popularity seeking and safety seeking types (p<0.05). A significant positive result of the internal characteristics of convenience foods purchase (p<0.05) was shown for the health seeking and taste seeking. A significant positive result of the external characteristics of convenience food purchase (p<0.05) was shown for the health seeking, taste seeking and safety seeking. In the correlation between convenience food purchase factors, the correlation coefficient of nutrition and ingredients are highest with 0.46, 0.445 in cooking and price, 0.441 in ingredients and expiry date, 0.383 in brand and price, 0.361 in taste and easy. In conclusion, this study presented the desirable direction of convenience food consumption in Chinese students.

In order to investigate the effect of land reclamation on the life of local fishermen, a survey was conducted with the 246 people living in 12 different adjacent villages located in Hwasung District. It was found that income of residents decreased, while the amount of debts increased after reclamation. 65% of the people surveyed answered that their economic situation became worse than before and they blamed the decrease of fishery resources as the main cause. It further led to the loss of the family’s means of livelihood. 40% of the people surveyed claimed that they wanted to leave the fishing village and believed that reclamation divested them of all their hope for the future. Regarding to the effect of reclamation project on the image of Hwasung District, most of the respondents have a negative view on the reclamation project. They have negative views even on the tourism, regional welfare, employment of community residents and local infrastructure. Therefore, it can be concluded that local community residents thought that reclamation project had negatively influenced their overall quality of life.

무기실리카 입자로 구성된 고탁도 원수를 처리하는 침지식 정밀여과 운전에서 휴민산과 2가 양이온의 존재유무에 따라 시간에 따른 파울링 저항을 관찰하였다. 공기폭기로 인한 무기실리카 입자의 파울링 감소효과는 휴민산과 칼슘이 혼합 으로 존재 시 감소하였다. 파울링층의 전자현미경 관찰결과 칼슘의 존재 시 휴민산의 무기실리카 입자 표면흡착이 관찰되었 다. 이는 멤브레인 표면에 조밀한 파울링층을 형성시켜 공기폭기 효과를 감소시킨 것으로 판단된다. 용액의 조성에 따른 고탁 도 원수의 탁도 제거율에는 큰 변화가 없었으나 공기폭기량에 따라 칼슘과 무기실리카 입자의 혼합 존재 시 유기물질의 제거 율은 80% 이상으로 증가하였다. 이는 공기폭기 하에 무기실리카 입자 표면에 흡착된 일부 휴민산들이 멤브레인 표면으로부 터 함께 역수송 되어 유기물질 제거율을 증가시킨 것으로 사료된다.

This study investigated the effects of 27.12 MHz radio frequency (RF) heating on heat transfer phenomena during the thawing process of frozen food. To determine the velocity of the RF thawing machine, samples were frozen at -80oC and subjected to different power treatments. The phase change times (-5 to 0oC) of frozen radish were 30, 26, 13, and 8 min; those of pork sirloin were 38, 25, 11, and 5 min; those of rump were 23, 17, 11, and 6 min; those of chicken breast were 42, 29, 13, and 9 min; and those of tuna were 25, 23, 10, and 5 min at 50, 100, 200, and 400 W, respectively. The heating limit temperatures of the radish, pork sirloin, rump, chicken breast, and tuna samples were 19.5, 9.2, 21.8, 8.8, and 16.8oC at 50 W; 23.5, 15.5, 27.3, 12.3, and 19oC at 100 W; 42, 26.9, 45.7, 22.1, and 39.4oC at 200 W; and 48.5, 54.7, 63.6, 57.3, and 44.9oC at 400 W. These results suggest that high-power RF improves thawing velocity and heating limit temperatures, and that an improvement on the operation of the RF thawing machine, according to food temperatures, is needed.

최근 콘크리트 궤도 슬래브 하면과 교량 바닥판 사이에 저마찰 슬라이드층을 형성하는 궤도 시스템인 슬라이딩 궤도와 관 련된 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 슬라이딩 궤도에서 열차 주행에 따른 횡방향 하중을 저항하기 위해 설치 되는 횡방향 지지 콘크리트 블록의 전단 내하력에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 횡방향 지지 콘크리트 블록의 전단 내하력 산정 을 위해 타설경계면에서의 콘크리트 마찰 및 철근의 다월 거동을 고려한 산정 기법을 개발하다. 제안된 산정 기법은 기존의 실험에서 측정된 전단 내하력을 13∼23% 정도 보수적으로 예측하는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 균열면 골재 맞물림 효과를 무 시한 것에 따른 것으로, 현장에서의 타설경계면 상태가 불확실한 것을 고려할 때 횡방향 지지 콘크리트 블록에 대한 안전측 설계를 위해 제안된 산정 기법이 합리적인 것으로 판단된다. 제안된 전단 내하력 산정 기법을 토대로 횡방향 지지 콘크리트 블록에 대한 설계 방안을 마련하였다

Antioxidant activities of 80% methanol, water, and 70% ethanol extracts of Lentinula edodes GNA01 were compared and estimated. The yield of Lentinula edodes GNA01 was identified to be in the following order: water>70% ethanol>80% methanol, but there was no significant difference between 80% methanol and 70% ethanol extracts. The highest total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were found in water extract, and TPC of 80% methanol extract was higher than that of 70% ethanol extract and TFC of 70% ethanol extract was higher than that of 80% methanol extract. Water extract exhibited the strongest DPPH, ABTS radicals, and nitrite scavenging activities, Fe2+ chelating ability, and FRAP among the three extracts. In addition, antioxidant activity of 80% methanol extract was higher than that of 70% ethanol extract in most of the experiments. As a result, antioxidant activity of Lentinula edodes GNA01 showed a difference according to extraction solvent and concentration; nevertheless, water extract exhibiting high polarity had the strongest antioxidant effect. Consequently, water extract from Lentinula edodes GNA01 is anticipated to be useful for the development of a high value-added functional product

In the coagulation/sedimentation (C/S) process of the water treatment process, the inflow of massive algal bloom causes many problems including fouling of filter media. This study was conducted to find out the way to remove the algae’s harmful effects by addition of pre-treatment prior to C/S process. Many Jar-tests were conducted such as ① ACF (Algae Coagulation·Flotation) process using natural algae coagulant (Water Health®), ② ACF + C/S process and ③ C/S process with a variety of conditions using cultured algae. The average values of turbidity were ① 0.42 NTU for ACF process, ② 0.13 NTU for ACF + C/S process and ③ 0.25 NTU for C/S process. It was shown that the treatment efficiency of ACF process could get low turbidity results, and ACF + C/S process could achieve more efficient results than those of C/S process. Any negative effects of ACF process to the efficiency of C/S process were not observed in ACF + C/S process. In order to reduce the unfavorable effects of algae, it was found out that the introduction of ACF process in the forms of ① ACF or ② ACF + C/S could be one of the effective and alternative solutions.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the current status relating to food packaging and design for status of small and medium food enterprises. A company survey was conducted from June to October, 2015 and targeted 1300 small and medium domestic food enterprises. Finally, a total of 1300 (recovery rate 100%) useable data were selected. Statistical analyses were performed on the data utilizing the SPSS PASW Statistics 18.0 for Windows, such as descriptive statistics and frequency analysis. According to the results, awareness and importance of food labeling were high, but performance of English inscription of product name was relatively low. The most important reason for food labeling was ‘providing correct information on food’ 910 (72.8%). Accordingly, a system which can provide the latest information by continuously monitoring mandatory disclosure requirements for types of foods in individual countries is needed.