In the area around Jeju Island, the squid jigging fishery and the hair-tail angling are popular. Therefore, the study on the characteristics of the formation and shift of fishing grounds is very important. We have received and analyzed AIS data of all vessels around Jeju Island from October 16, 2016 to October 16, 2017, and extracted the positions of the fishing vessels with the same operational characteristics as the fishing vessels of their fisheries. The distribution chart of the frequency of fishing vessels appearing in each predefined fishing grid (1 NM × 1 NM) was analyzed. So we took a analogy with the monthly shift of fishing grounds. Many fishing vessels appeared in the seas around Jeju Island from November 2016 to January 2017, and the frequency of their appearance was maintained. In November, however, fishing vessels were mostly concentrated in coastal waters. Yet, the density gradually weakened as they moved into January. From February, the frequency itself began to decline, making it the worst in April. The high concentration of fishing vessels in the waters leading from Jeju Island's northwest coast to south coast in November is believed to be related to the yellowtail fishery that are formed annually in the coastal waters off the island of Marado. In May 2017, the appearance frequency of fishing vessels increased and began to show a concentration in coastal waters around Jeju Island. Fishing vessels began to flock in waters northwest of Jeju Island beginning in July and peaked in August, and by September, fishing vessels were moving south along the coast of Jeju Island, weakening the density and spreading out. Between July and August, fishing vessels were concentrated in waters surrounding Jeju Island, which is believed to be related to the operations of fishing vessels for the squid jigging fishery and the hair-tail angling.

This study attempted to establish an ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) analysis method for standard determination of silymarin as a health functional food material in Silybum marianum extraxt (milk thistle). UPLC was performed on a Waters Acquity BEH C18 (50×2.1 mm, 1.7 μm) column using a gradient elution of distilled water and methanol at a flow rate of 0.21 mL/min and detection wavelength of 288 nm. The UPLC method showed high linearity in the calibration curve at a coefficient of determination (r2) of >0.9999, and limit of detection and quantitation for 6 flavonolignans were 0.0167-0.2469 and 0.1648-1.2931 μg/mL, respectively. The recovery of each flavnolignan was in the range of 99.96-100.81%, and the relative standard deviation for precision of each flavonolignan was less than 1.0%. The UPLC method established in this study was more specific for the quantitative determination of silymarin than the HPLC method. Also, since the UPLC method is shorter in the equipment operation time and smaller in the amount of used solvent than the HPLC method, UPLC is expected to have higher energy efficiency and lower environmental impact compared with HPLC.

본 연구는 한인밀집지역인 뉴욕과 뉴저지 지역의 한인교회를 연구조사한 정보를 바탕으로 쓰여졌다. 이 교회들에 만연한 교인들의 수평이동과 찾아보기 힘든 회심성장의 상황이 한국교회와 유사하다. 교회론이 선교론보다 선행함으로 말미암아 being a church 보다는 doing a church에 집중함으로 교회의 구조, 시설, 프로그램에 집중하게 되었다. 선교론에서 출발하여 교회론이 실천되는 모델이 될 경우 하나님의 선교(Missio Dei)로서 전도와 제자도를 실천하게 되며, 그 결과로 교회가 세워지게 되는 것으로 이해한다. 제자를 재생산하는 교회는 스스로 선교적임을 인식한다. 폴 히버트의 세트이론을 통하여 경계이론의 획일성이 수평이동 중심의 교회를 설명하고, 중심이론의 다양성이 제자 재생산 중심의 교회를 설명한다. 이는 복잡한 교회구조 보다는 더 많은 양육자(disciplemaker) 중심의 교회로의 전환을 전제 한다. 이러한 교회는 제자 삼기와 재생산에 대한 확고한 의도를 가지며, 보냄 받은 교회로서 교회를 삶과 분리하지 않는다. 재생산을 위한 기본 단위로서 소그룹을 이해하며, 소그룹 중심의 전도와 제자삼기는 예수님의 제자도와 재생산의 원리를 실천하는 길임을 확인하게 된다.

Background: There are insufficient objective or quantitative evidence for the better intervention to improve proprioception particularly for the application of external load. There are conflicting opinions whether the external load is effective for proprioception improvement or not. Objects: The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of external load on proprioception of shoulder joint quantitatively using 3D motion capture system. Methods: Nine healthy adults joined for this study. They were asked to perform scapular plane abduction motion with attaching reflective markers on the trunk and upper limb. The 3D positions of finger marker, while they performed the same task with and without external load, were recorded and analyzed. Results: All participants showed decreased variable errors in the vertical direction when the external load was applied (p<.02). Even though other directions (y, z) and absolute errors increased, they did not have statistical significances. Conclusion: Based on this study results, the external load application would be effective for shoulder joint position sense improvement.

조상 제사가 실존적·실제적 차원에서 여전히 중차대한 한국적 상황에서 본 논문은 자신학(自神學)적 시도로써 한국적 조상 신학을 세계관 분석을 중심으로 예비적으로 탐색한다. 첫째, 현상학적 접근의 결과 조상 제사에 내재한 혼합주의적 요소가 파악된다. 무교(샤머니즘)적 우주관, 불교적 구원관, 유교적 윤리관이 조상 제사의 세계관 근간을 형성하고 있다. 둘째, 성경적 평가의 결과 혼합주의적 세계관의 실태가 드러난다. 무교적 우주관 으로는 정령(精靈)―망자(亡者) 지향성이, 불교적 구원관으로는 공로(功 勞)―보살(菩薩) 의존성이, 유교적 윤리관으로는 계층-남성 중심성이 특징을 이루고 있다. 끝으로, 본고의 연구 결과 한국적 조상 신학이 추구해야 할 방향성이 제시된다. 우주론적으로는 정령-망자가 아닌 섭리-창조주 지향성이, 구원론적으로 공로-보살이 아닌 은혜-그리스도 의존성이, 윤리적으로는 계층-남성이 아닌 평등-인류 중심성이 요청된다. 상기한 탐색적 연구 즉 세계관 분석 및 변혁은 한국적 조상 신학 정립에 관한 선교학적 논의에 있어 정향(正向)적 기제로써 기여할 수 있다.

The purpose of this paper is to find out how each districts(Gu) of Seoul are related based on the apartment price trends. All the data used in this paper comes from a public data sources, Seoul apartments transaction data provided by ‘Ministry of Land Infrastructure and Transport Korea’ and the apartments properties from NAVER’s real estate service. To analyze the similarities between the price trends of each apartments, this study uses FastDTW algorithm which is quite popular in time series analysis domain. After figured out the distance matrix from FastDTW, this study uses Hierarchical Clustering algorithm and Chi-squared test to compare each districts’ relationship. The analysis result shows that which districts in Seoul are similar and which districts are not.

This study considers zone-based registration (ZBR) and distance-based registration (DBR). A mobile station performs location registration whenever the MS reaches a new zone or the specified distance. These two schemes seem to be similar but, in DBR, the mobile station (MS) is in the center of the location area right after location registration differently from in ZBR. In this study, we point out some problems of the previous analysis method and propose an improved analysis method of ZBR and DBR. Using the improved analysis method, we show that the previous analysis includes some problems, and that the performances of two registration methods in our study are enhanced more than in the previous study. This results of this study should be useful to analyze the performance of various location registration schemes.

In this study, we utilize the cross and partial correlation analyses in order to investigate the dependence of power energy consumption on the temperature. To this end, we use a time series data that consists of three attributes : an hourly measured electric power consumption, temperature, and humidity. We, in particular, divide the yearly data into monthly base, and estimate the cross correlation coefficients between all possible pairs of attributes for each monthly based data. We found that temperature and power consumption are negatively correlated in the winter; positively correlated in the summer. A similar trend was found between humid and power consumption. This implies that when temperature or humidity is relatively high or low, the power consumption increases due to the cooling and heating system at work. In contrast, the correlation between temperature and humid behaves differently from those between temperature and power consumption. These results can be used to effectively manage the power system.

In this paper, we propose an Elman recurrent neural network to predict and analyze a time series of gas energy consumption in an air handling unit. To this end, we consider the volatility of the time series and demonstrate that there exists a correlation in the time series of the volatilities, which suggests that the gas consumption time series contain a non-negligible amount of the non-linear correlation. Based on this finding, we adopt the Elman recurrent neural network as the model for the prediction of the gas consumption. As the simplest form of the recurrent network, the Elman network is designed to learn sequential or time-varying pattern and could predict learned series of values. The Elman network has a layer of “context units” in addition to a standard feedforward network. By adjusting two parameters in the model and performing the cross validation, we demonstrated that the proposed model predicts the gas consumption with the relative errors and the average errors in the range of 2%~5% and 3kWh~8kWh, respectively. The results of this study can be used to the energy management system in terms of the effective control of the cross usage of the electric and the gas energies.

With the recent development of manufacturing technology and the diversification of consumer needs, the process and quality control of production have become more complicated. In particular, due to the nature of domestic manufacturing companies that rely on foreign manufacturers for most of their manufacturing facilities, the need for their own data analysis and manufacturing support applications is increasing and research has been conducted in Korea. This study proposes integrated process and quality analysis platform supporting analysis template considering manufacturing big data DB interworking and data characteristics. In addition, the platform is implemented in two versions, web and CS, in consideration of user accessibility.

This study examined the current state of the representative support projects for each government that have been promoted to foster local industries. We have identified the changes and focus areas of the supporting industries in the biotechnology and medical industry sectors selected by each region. As a result, we found that most of the support for the bio and medical industry is concentrated in the industrial biotechnology field. We found that continued investment by governments and local governments had an impact on the growth of the biomedical industry In addition, an analysis of the results for 15 years (2002~ 2006) on sales and net profit (net loss) showed that productivity and growth were affected.

As carbon material is being developed the versatile one with merits of metal, non-metal, ceramic and plastic etc., it owes to the characters of light weight and strength comparing with other metal materials. Based on these characters it is applied to vehicle lightening and aerospace industry. Furthermore thermal function utilization, removal of environmental pollution material, prevention of water pollution and the area of medicine science combining into drug as well. Therefore in this study we analyze technology paradigm home and abroad for carbon material on the basis of its relative patents and consider the establishment of technology strategy for its business commercialization

Membranes techniques used to convert chemical energy into electrical energy from energy sources such as hydrogen, salt water, and water. Membrane materials have transport property of desire molecular and barrier property for satisfy to requirement of cell performance. Typically, PFSA polymer is used to fabricate membrane. Each material has different characteristics depending on the membrane formation conditions. Macroscopic characteristics are difficult to correlation with molecular motion, mobility, and transport within membrane matrices. NMR spectroscopy can analysis about these characteristics by observing the molecule level. In this study, NMR spectroscopy can provide fundamental information of PFSA ionomers and correlation with macroscopic characteristics.

친수성을 띄는 silica 나노입자(7, 11, 15 nm)를 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 wt%의 비율로 고분자(Polysulfone)에 섞은 후, 상전이 공정에 의하여 중공사막을 제조하였다. 용매로는 N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP)을 사용하였다. 또한 중공사막 제조 시내부 응고제는 NMP/증류수(1:1) 혼합용액을 사용하였으며 외부 응고제로는 증류수를 사용하였다. 본 연구는 Silica 나노입자의 크기 및 함량이 분리막 구조에 미치는 영향과 그에 따른 특성을 살펴보았다.

본 연구에서는 sol-gel법을 이용하여 세라믹 중공사 지지체 표면에 합성된 sol을 dip coating하고 활성층을 형성시켜 한외여과막을 제조하였다. 코팅 횟수 및 코팅 용액의 조성에 따른 코팅층 변화를 확인하여, 결함을 최소화하고 균일하게 제조할 수 있는 조건을 확립하고, 소결 후 투과 특성 측정을 통해 소결 온도의 영향을 고찰하였다. 제조된 한외여과막은 분획분자량(Molecular Weight Cut-Off, MWCO)과 gas-liquid displacement porometer (GLDP), liquid-liquid displacement porometer (LLDP)를 이용하여 기공크기를 측정하고 분리막의 성능과 기공크기의 연관성을 연구하였다.