The retractable roof structure is used in various fields and it is classified for steel retractable system and soft retractable system. For the domestic industry, it is in the initial phase now and the demand of the retractable roof structure is expected to increase in the future. Therefore, this paper is classified for steel retractable system and soft retractable system from the retractable roof structures in overseas to survey and analyze the cases of wind velocity on retractable roof structure in Japan that uses the same wind velocity criteria like Korea regarding the open-close time and average open-close time for retractable roof area.

본 연구에서는 베셀 후단의 생산수를 유입수와 혼합하는 신개념의 저에너지 역삼투 공정을 제안한다. 이 기술은 후단 생산수로 유입수를 희석하여 열역학적 요구 에너지를 낮추는 것에 착안하였다. 방법으로 역삼투 단일공정, 신공정, 부분 2차 공정의 생산수 염도 및 고유전력소비를 수치해석을 통해 비교하였다. 유입수의 다양한 수온 및 염도 조건 하에 신공정은 단일공정 대비 약 14% 생산수 염도를 감소시켰고, 0.04-0.09 kWh/m³의 고유전력소비를 추가로 필요하였다. 반면, 부분 2차 공정은 단일공정 대비 생산수 염도를 약 46% 감소시켰고, 0.08-0.21 kWh/m3의 고유전력소비를 추가로 필요로 하였다. 즉, 신공정은 부분 2차 공정 대비 저에너지를 소모하면서 단일공정 대비 고품질의 물을 생산해낸다.

Desalination with low energy consumption has been recognized as a crucial technology for meeting the growing freshwater needs of the UAE. In 2016, KAIA and the Masdar company in the UAE signed Joint Development Agreement to develop energy-efficient desalination technologies. The research aims to build a pilot plant desalination plant in UAE for demonstrating reduction of energy footprint. For this R&D project, Daewoo E&C designs and constructs a customized low energy seawater desalination facility with 1000~2000 m³/d by 2018. The goal of specific energy consumption is 3.3 kWh/m³, finally resulting in O&M cost reduction by more than 10%. The system will be configurated with energy saving RO membrane(LG chemistry), pretreatment for algae control using tube type bio filter(MTBF) and DAF, and ion exchange and capacitive deionization for replacement of 2nd RO. Optimizing this pilot plant by 2020 in the UAE is the next milestone in realizing the energy-efficient desalination technology to a viable product.

고분자 분리막을 이용한 이산화탄소 포집공정은 최근들어 분리막 소재기술의 발전과 함께 관심이 급격하게 높아지고 있다. 미국의 경우는 MTR사가 DOE의 지원을 받아 1MWe 규모의 발전소 배가스 중의 이산화탄소를 포집하는 실증연구를 진행하고 있다. 또한 유럽에서는 노르웨이의 NTNU가 미국 Airproducts사와 협력하여 시멘트제조공정에서 발생하는 이산화탄소를 포집하는 연구를 수행하는 중이다. 본 연구는 (주)에어레인이 미래부산하 KCRC 센터의 지원을 받아 50 Nm3/hr 규모의 배가스를 처리하는 단위 모듈을 이용하여 150 Nm3/hr 규모연소배가스 포집공정을 설계하는 과정을 언급하고자 한다. 또한 이 플랜트의 시운전 과정에서 얻어진 데이터와 공급기체중의 산소농도의 영향등이 다뤄질 것이다. 최종적인 주요결과는 CO2 회수율 93%, 회수농도 85%이었다.

The purpose of earthquake resistant design for typical bridges is the ‘No Collapse Design’ allowing emergency vehicles just after earthquakes. The Roadway Bridge Design Code provides design provisions to carry out such ‘No Collapse Design’ with a ductile mechanism and response modification factors given for connections and substructure play key role in this procedure. In case of response modification factors for substructure, the Roadway Bridge Design Code provides values considering ductility and redundancy. On the other hand, ‘AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications’ provides values considering additionally an artificial factor according to the bridge importance categories divided into critical, essential and others. In this study, a typical bridge with steel bearing connections and reinforced concrete piers is selected and different response modification factors for substructure are applied with design conditions given in the Roadway Bridge Design Code. Based on the comparison study of the design results, supplementary measures are suggested required by applying different response modification factors for substructure.

HNS사고는 대규모 화재와 폭발을 수반하며, 다수의 인명사고와 주변지역에 극심한 환경오염을 야기함으로 신속한 의사결정을 통하여 광범위한 확산을 막아야 한다. 본 연구는 국내 HNS사고사례를 해상이라는 특수성이 반영된 표준코드를 바탕으로 고품질, 표준화, 디지털화된 HNS사고 데이터베이스를 구축하여 사고발생 시 신속하고 합리적인 의사결정을 지원하고, 체계적인 통합관리 및 공유가 가능한 HNS사고이력관리시스템(HATS)을 설계하고 구현하였다. 또한 개발된 시스템을 활용하여 23년간 수집된 국내 HNS사고데이터 76건에 대해 각 항목별로 통계분석을 수행하여, 국내에서는 매년 평균 3.3건의 사고가 일어나며, 주요 HNS사고요인은 춘계기간 (41%), 계류장 (51 %), 케미컬운반선 (49 %), 승무원에 의한 과실 (45 %), 자일렌류 (12 %)인 것으로 확인되었다. (괄호안 : 사고분류기준별 해당 사고요인의 퍼센트 비율임)

The purpose of this study is to accurately estimate the wind-induced responses of a tall building structure for using the estimated responses in the process of calculating the optimal force of an active control device. Kalman filter was used for the estimation process and a 3-storied model structure on a shaking table was tested for the verification of the estimation accuracy. The system matrices of the model were constructed based on the mode parameters obtained by the system identification. The estimated displacement matched up well with the measured one. Finally, the wind-induced responses of a real 39-storied building structure excited by the typhoon MUIFA were estimated.

The computing environment has changed rapidly to enable large-scale finite element models to be analyzed at the PC or workstation level, such as multi-core CPU, optimal math kernel library implementing BLAS and LAPACK, and popularization of direct sparse solvers. In this paper, the design considerations on a parallel finite element code for shared memory based multi-core CPU system are proposed; (1) the use of optimized numerical libraries, (2) the use of latest direct sparse solvers, (3) parallelism using OpenMP for computing element stiffness matrices, and (4) assembly techniques using triplets, which is a type of sparse matrix storage. In addition, the parallelization effect is examined on the time-consuming works through a large scale finite element model.

In this paper, it is covered in detail the process of generating structural alternatives with geometry change and its optimization by StrAuto. The main roof structure of the Exhibition Center is modelled parametrically and the optimal alt is derived by observing volume changes according to geometry change of main roof truss. Existing studies performed optimization process through sections and properties due to the limitations of shape change, but this study have meaning of performing the optimization with geometry changes which is the most critical skills of StrAuto. By the process of securing a sufficient margin by geometry changes and reducing volume with the optimization of sections, despite of a partial optimization of large space structure, it could be reduced by 11.7% of the total volume.