컴퓨터 에이전트가 우리의 일상에 미치는 영향력이 커지고 에이전트와의 상호작용이 대인 상호작용과 유사하게 변화할수록, 업무적 효율성보다 에이전트와의 상호작용에서 사용자가 겪게 되는 심리적 사회적 경험이 중요해진다. 사용자의 긍정적인 심리적 경험을 유도하기 위해 에이전트와 사용자의 상호작용에서 사회적 실재감(social presence)을 증진시키고자 하는 연구가 이루어져 왔다 이러한 연구들에서는 에이전트의 언어적/비언어적 커뮤니케이션에 대인적 요소를 적용함으로써 사회적 실재감을 증진시키고자 하였다. 본 연구에서는 대인관계에서 매우 중요한 커뮤니케이션 요소인 상호적 자기노출(self-disclosure)이 사용자들의 사회적 실재감 인식과 에이전트 평가, 사용자 경험에 있어 어떠한 효과를 갖는지 살펴보고 개인의 성격변인인 애착유형(attachment styles)은 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 살펴보았다. 또한 사회적 실재감이 에이전트 평가와 사용자 경험에 대한 효과를 매개하는지 알아보았다. 실험 결과, 사용자와 에이전트의 상호적 자기노출 교환은 사회적 실재감을 증진시키고 에이전트에 대한 호의적 평가와 긍정적인 사용자 경험을 유도하였으며, 향후 상호작용 의사를 증진시켰다. 피험자의 애착유형에 따라 사회적 실재감, 에이전트 평가, 사용자 경험, 향후 상호작용 의사가 다르게 나타났다. 종속변인에 대한 자기노출 교환과 애착유형의 효과는 지각된 사회적 실재감에 의해 매개되는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 에이전트 메시지의 설계에 커뮤니케이션적 측면이 중요하게 고려되어야 함을 시사한다. 또한 에이전트가 사용자들에게 미치는 심리적 효과는 사용자의 성격 특성에 따라 다르게 나타날 수 있다는 것을 시사한다.

The purpose of this study was, firstly in Korea, to investigate characteristics of corpse-disgracing homicide by looking into the realities of corpse-disgracing homicide. Though official statistics was not complete, fifteen murderers were confirmed to commit corpse-disgracing homicide. All of their documented records were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. According to the definition of subcategories of Necrophilics no pure Necrophilics exist. That is, no one committed murder to be in love with dead body, but there were pseudo-necrophilics stimulated by corpses instantly. Inmates who committed corpse-disgracing homicides were from deprived environment and from low economic status. They used to be physically inferior. Because of such defects, they must have little opportunities to have relationship with women. Based on the MMPI profiles most of the participants who committed corpse-disgracing homicides presented relatively high score of Pd. Additionally murderers who had genital insertion, instead of alien substance insertion showed relatively high score of D. With consideration of MMPI profiles it is inferred that some murderers who committed corpse-disgracing homicides must have psychosis. However, they were institutionalized in a correctional facility instead of psychiatric unit. Although these people desperately needed medical care they were expected to behave like average inmates. If the present capacity of psychiatric units is too small, more metal health professionals should be employed at correctional facilities.

The Truth and Reconciliation Commission was established in 1995. Its stated purpose was to forster reconciliation by revealing the truth about killings and other gross violation of human rights committed between March 1960 and May 1994. The Commission's founding legislation requires that the TRC provide a factual, comprehensive and even-handed account of the gross violations committed on all sides in the conflicts of the past. It mandates the commission to identify the perpetrators of violations and hold them accountable. It also requires the TRC to place all violations in context by explaining the motives and perspectives of perpetrators as well as any prior provocation that might have influenced their actions. The central purpose of this article is to provide ways of grasping what reconciliation involves for us. The hearings of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission was well known to the world. They are not intended as an ordeal for those guilty of violating others' lives or a test for those questioned about the abuse of human rights. Nor should these hearings be simply a replay of people's pain when they recount what was done to themselves or their loved ones. Reconciliation should be taking place within and among the life of human who have a painful history. The fruitfulness of the term 'reconciliation' derives from the interplay possible between its use as describing an action, naming a process of which various actions are moments and providing a perspective in which to move from present realities into an unknown future. Without some experience of reconciliation effected in an action, we would have no idea how it as a perspective can throw light upon individual actions and bring hope to people's efforts.

교도소 내 수형자들의 고발사태로 근무하기 어렵다는 교정공무원들의 불평이 늘어 가고 있다. 이런 현상은 수형자들의 인권신장에 관심이 높아지면서 나타난 결과들이다. 이런 즈음에 수형자와 교도관들의 심리-역동적 관계를 규명해서 양자의 상호 영향을 검토하는 것은 교도행정에 많은 도움을 줄 수 있다고 기대된다. 수형자들을 통제, 지시하는 교정공무원과 그런 힘의 영향을 받는 수형자들은 모두가 재 사회화라는 공동목표를 향해 가고 있다. 그러나 한편은 힘을 행사하고 다른 한편은 힘을 받아 들어야 한다. 그래서 양자 사이에 힘이 존재하지 않는다면, 교도행정은 비효과적일 수밖에 없다. 힘은 보상, 강압, 합법, 참조, 전문성이라는 5 가지 출처에서 비롯된다. 그러나 현재 교정행정체계에서 보면, 교정공무원이 수형자들에게 영향을 미칠 수 있는 힘은 참조적 힘 밖에 없다. 수형자들에게 모범이 되는 교정공무원을 참조해서 자신을 뒤돌아보는 수형자들만이 그 힘의 영향을 받게 된다. 이런 맥락에서 보면, 수형자들의 재사회화는 전적으로 수형자 자신들에게 달려 있는 셈이다. 이런 이유에서 교정공무원이 힘을 가진 양 하며 수형자들에게 영향을 주려 하는 경우에 이들은 노여움과 혐오감을 가지고 공격적으로 대하게 된다. 교도 행정은 수형자들의 재사회화를 위해서 지금까지 수행 해 오던 근본적 틀을 전환해야 한다. 즉, 상과 벌에 의한 교도행정 보다는 인본주의에 의한 행정을 실시할 경우에 효과적인 결과를 얻을 수 있다.

This study aimed to find the psycho-social characteristics and their related factors among long-term convicts. Considering length of sentence, 355 inmates sentenced over ten-year incarceration were surveyed from 6 correctional facilities. The study tried to find the relationship between the psycho-social characteristics of long-term inmates which was defined "the extent of recognition attitude change", "attitude toward law" and the correctional environment factors(length of incarceration, penalty experience during incarceration, vocational training experience, level of satisfaction on treatment programs), importation factors(sex, age, education level, former incarceration experience). The major findings and implications on treatment for long-term inmates were as follow: First, a model of the correctional environment factors on "the extent of recognition attitude change" was not adequate. On the other hand, "the level of satisfaction on treatment programs" was significantly related to "attitude toward law"; the higher the satisfaction which the correctional facilities gave, the attitude toward law was positive. Second, regarding importation model, "sex" was significantly related to "recognition attitude change". In "attitude toward law", all importation factors except for former incarceration experience had a statistical meaning; women, older and higher educated long-term inmates had positive attitude toward law. Third, seeing the influence of importation factors, early intervention than post care to the risky groups to reduce the possibility of re-offence is admirable. Also correctional treatment programs for long-term inmates should be provided based on individuality of long-term inmates. Finally, the study suggests that the correctional treatment focus on education programs to change recognition attitude for men inmates, the maintenance of family relations and adaption programs for women.

This study examined the associations between job stress and psychosocial stress in telecommunication service workers. In this survey, four hundred seventy workers and six variables(general characteristics, state of health, job characteristics, personality, psychosocial characteristics, and job stress) were used to measure worker's subjective satisfaction and status of stress. The results of this study indicated that 135 workers(28%) were classified into a high risk group to stress, 317 workers(67%) were into a potential risk group, and only 18 workers(6%) were into a healthy group. Also the results indicated that job stress outcomes related to job characteristics, personality, and psychosocial characteristics.

사이버 공간은 기술적 및 사회적으로 많은 가변성과 복합성을 보이면서 매우 역동적으로 변모하고 있다. 10여년 정도인 인터넷은 우리들의 삶의 양식, 의미, 사회구조와 기능 그리고 의사소통에서의 상호작용 등을 극적으로 바꾸고 있다. 인간의 마음과 행동을 과학적으로 연구하는 것을 목표로 삼고 있는 심리학에서도 사이버 공간의 인간의 행동과 심리적 특성은 중요한 연구과제다. 본 연구에서는 사이버 공간의 교류과정에 발생하는 심리적 특성과 개념은 아날로그 방식에서 디지털 방식으로, 오프라인 방식에서 온라인 방식으로의 영향을 받았으며, 정보화 세계의 특유의 새로운 문제들과 더불어 여러 분야의 문화적 구조가 재개념화,재구성화, 재평가되어야 함을 제시한다. 즉 변화되는 사회 내에서의 역할, 의의, 양식 등에 접근하는 방식을 사이버 심리학으로 재정리 할 필요가 있다는 데 의의를 두고자 한다.

Recently occupational safety and health literatures begin to emphasize the influence of social, organizational or psychological context. Based on this research trend, this paper tried to review the relationship between safety climates and safety compliance. Based on the responses from 385 manufacturing workers, this paper reviewed the relationships among safety climates, safety motivation, and safety compliance. The results of statistical analysis showed that all safety climate factors(management involvement, leadership, safety training, precaution activities, safety system) have affirmative effects on safety motivation and safety compliance. Also, safety motivation appeared to have mediating effects on the relationship between 5 safety climate factors and safety compliance. Especially it appeared to have full mediating effects on the relationship between safety training/ safety system and safety compliance.

Recently occupational safety and health literatures begin to emphasize the influence of social, organizational or psychological context. Based on this research trend, this paper tried to review the relationship between safety climates and safety compliance. Based on the responses from 385 manufacturing workers, this paper reviewed the relationships among safety climates, safety motivation, and safety compliance. The results of statistical analysis showed that all safety climate factors(management involvement, leadership, safety training, precaution activities, safety system) have affirmative effects on safety motivation and safety compliance. Also, safety motivation appeared to have mediating effects on the relationship between 5 safety climate factors and safety compliance. Especially it appeared to have full mediating effects on the relationship between safety training/ safety system and safety compliance.

본 연구는 피부전도도(skin conductance response), 말초혈관 반응(peripheral plethysmograph), 피부온도 (skin temperature)와 심박수(heart rate)와 같은 다양한 생리신호를 측정하여 운전자의 심리반응을 통하여 적정 운전상태를 분석하고자 하였다. 운전자의 심리반응을 측정 및 분석하기 위하여 하드웨어와 알고리듬을 개발하였으며, 운전상황은 자동차 시뮬레이터를 이용하여 다양한 가상 운전상황을 설정하고 생리신호를 측정하였다. 측정 결과 운전자 생리신호가 운전환경의 변화에 따른 심리적 긴장 또는 이완 수준을 잘 반영하고 있고, 감정적 변화에는 다소 둔감한 것으로 나타났다. 이를 심리적 순위척도를 이용하여 정량화하여 심리적 적정 운전범위를 제안하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 추후 운전자의 안전운전이나 건강상태를 모니터링 하기 위한 시스템 개발의 자료로 활용할 수 있을 것이다.

노인수형자들의 숫자가 증가하고 이에 따른 교정비용의 증가에 따라 선진국들은 노인수형자 문제에 관심을 가지고 처우나 프로그램 개발에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있는데, 한국에서는 이제 관심이 시작된 초기단계라 볼 수 있다. 지금까지 노인수형자들의 신체적 건강문제에 더 초점이 맞추어져 있으며, 정신건강 문제는 소홀히 다루어지고 있다. 그러나 심리적 스트레스는 질병과도 밀접한 연관이 있는만큼 노인수형자의 심리적 문제에도 관심을 기울여야 한다. 심리적 문제가 해결되지 못하고 축적되면 교도소 내 적응에 어려움을 겪게되어 사고를 일으키기도 하며, 더 나아가 정신질환으로 진행하게 된다. 노인수형자들은 젊은 수형자들과 달리 특징적으로 우울증이 가장 높으며, 이밖에 치매나 교도소화 문제가 나타나고 있다. 또한 가족관계의 약화, 빈곤, 그리고 심리적 불안정 등으로 재범율이 높으며 출소 후에도 사회에 적응하지 못하고 다시 교도소로 들어오는 경우가 있다. 교정치료 프로그램은 재범방지에 효과가 있다는 것이 검증되었다. 따라서 본 논문은 노인수형자들의 심리적 문제를 해결하기 위한 방안을 모색하는데 목적을 두고 심리치료 프로그램을 개발하였다. 구체적인 목표는 스트레스 관리능력을 증진시키고, 자아통제감과 대인관계기술을 향상시켜 우울증을 감소시키는 것이다. 이를 위해 인지행동치료, 스트레스 관리훈련, 회상요법을 적용시켜 노인수형자에게 효과적인 집단심리치료 프로그램모형을 개발하였다. 프로그램의 효과성을 검증하지 못한 제한점이 있으나, 노인수형자의 심리적 문제의 심각성을 고취시키고 심리치료방안을 모색한 첫 시도로서의 의의가 있다고 본다.

The short-term observation of the poems in the Dongguan area could lead to the following conclusions regarding the quadrangular relations in terms of psychological and cultural aspects: 1) Dongguan is geopolitically located in the area connecting the Zhu River, Guangzhou, Shinzhen, and Hong Kong. The capital from Taiwan, Korea, Japan, and Singapore has advanced here between Hong Kong"s globally-renowned business management and the continent"s development dictatorship. This area is in short in the process of rapid changes. As "a fair lady has left with the river," everything familiar here in Dongguan is destined to disappear. Replaced by strange things, Dongguan is a furnace. of new rationality triggering changes in production relations and consciousness patterns. At the same time, Dongguan is the birthplace of a pleasure-seeking culture to "fly away the flowers of desire/ to somewhere high above/at the last moment of powerful emotions." 2) The fundamental contradiction in the shoes manufacturing industry in Dongguan can be summed up as the 4-party relationships among A(America and Europe in charge of brands and marketing), B(Hong Kong doing financial work and broking), C(Korean or Taiwanese managers responsible for production management), and D(China"s labor and revenue with a promising potential market). While A and B are fated to leave later, C and D are supposed to stay on the stage. Therefore, C and D should get united to introduce B so that a coexistence-coprosperity (i.e., win-win) strategy can be prepared by depending on China"s domestic demand market. 3) Basically, B cannot exist without C. But A is part of various economic activities to B. On the other hand, the role of B is more important in the relationships between C and D. For the Dongguan people, it is impossible to rationally reform authoritarianism, the common problem of socialism and capitalism. In fact, it is impossible for C to lead the relations between C and D. The occasion for trust is given by B, but the C-D relationships accumulate the trust into the form of experiences. If they can create trust without the help of B, the quadrangular relations cannot but be changed. That is, when A is excluded from marketing in China to hold business activities in Europe and America, technological development can be independently driven by the consortium among B,C, and D. As a result, the Korea-Taiwan-Hong Kong-China-India belt can be formed with two top markets in India and China. What matters is D"s inner contradiction. areas political economics before reform and opening was just ideological, it is at present the critical weapon about concrete reality. Thus a poem goes: "He is now a domestic animal,/ digging the mud for bugs, drinking dirty water,/and eating fruit falling from far above." 4) What attracts our concern are Taiwanese Commercial School and Houjie in Dongguan. The former is the model of the educational system between two koreas as in is approaching toward the agreement between China"s socialism and Taiwan"s capitalism. When everything but capital goes outsourcing in this community, the latter is the heaviest and the strongest owing to the lightest and the most liberal production relations. It is the salmons going against the flow of the times and uniting the premodern and modern ages. The possibility of Houjie is based on the market existing beyond markets.